非谓语动词解题技巧

制作·窝在躺椅上的猫第1页共5页非谓语动词解题技巧定义：1.谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词2.非谓语动词：是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分非谓语动词使用条件：一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下,还有别的动词出现时。非谓语动词解题步骤：一.辨别“谓与非谓”二.找逻辑主语三、分析语态四、分析时态（一）分析句子结构,辨别“谓语与非谓语”1.______manytimes,buthestillcouldn'tunderstandit.（C）2.______manytimes,hestillcouldn'tunderstandit.（A）A.HavingbeentoldB.BeingtoldC.HehadbeentoldD.Thoughhewastold3.It___ahotday,we’dbettergoswimming.(C)4.____arainyday;wedecidednottogothere.(E)A.isB.tobeC.beingD.ItbeingE.ItwasF.been（二）找逻辑主语非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。1.Walkingalongthestreetoneday,shesawalittlegirlrunninguptoher.2.Sheisreadingabookfoundontheway.3.MostoftheartistsinvitedtothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.4.Convincedofthetruthofthereports,hetoldhiscolleaguesaboutit.1._______everythingintoconsideration,theyoughttohaveanotherchance.(B)2.Everything______intoconsideration,theyoughttohaveanotherchance.(D)A.totakeB.takingC.tobetakenD.taken（三）分析语态分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系。1.“Youcan’tcatchme!”Janeshouted,_______away.(B)A.runB.runningC.torunD.ran2._____inthemountainsforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.(B)A.HavinglostB.Lost注意连词but注意标点符号一般来说，作状语的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是句子的主语；作宾补的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是宾语；作定语的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是被修饰词。制作·窝在躺椅上的猫第2页共5页C.BeinglostD.Losing（四）分析时态1.Thebuilding____nowwillbearestaurant.(C)2.Thebuilding____nextyearwillbearestaurant.(B)3.Thebuilding______lastyearisarestaurant.(D)A.havingbeenbuiltB.tobebuiltC.beingbuiltD.built非谓语动词解题七大原则原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式1.Whenaskedwhyhewentthere，hesaidhewassentthere_____foraspaceflight.A.trainingB.beingtrainedC.tohavetrainedD.tobetrained如：Shegotupveryearlytocatchupthefirstbus.2._____thiscake，you’llneed2eggs，175gsugarand175gflour.A.HavingmadeB.MakeC.TomakeD.Making原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上要用-ing.3.Asthelightturnedgreen，Istoodforamoment，not_____，andaskedmyselfwhatIwasgoingtodo.A.movedB.movingC.tomoveD.Beingmoved－ing形式作伴随状语与todo作目的状语的区别：作伴随状语的－ing形式与谓语动词的动作同时发生且前面常常带一逗号;而作目的状语的不定式的动作要比谓语动词的动作后发生前面不能用逗号。用括号里的词的适当形式填空1.Writetotheeditor,________thattheeditorwouldbeabletohelpher．（hope）2.Shereachedthetopofthehillandstoppedthere_________onabigrock．(rest)3.Thesecretaryworkedlateintonight,______alongspeech.(prepare)4.___________warm,weshutallthewindows.(keep)制作·窝在躺椅上的猫第3页共5页原则三：用作结果状语时，可用-ing或不定式，其原则区别是，一般用-ing，表示一定逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之中。不定式用作结果状语表示非逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之外。4.Theglassdoorshavetakentheplaceofthewoodenonesattheentrance，_____inthenaturallightduringtheday.A.toletB.lettingC.letD.havinglet【解析]此处用-ing表示自然而然的结果。如：Itrainedheavily，causingseverefloodinginthatplace.大雨滂沱，造成了那个地方洪水泛滥。5.Oilpriceshaverisenby32percentsincethestartoftheyear，_____arecordUS$57.65abarrelonApril4.A.havereachedB.reachingC.toreachD.tobereaching6.Hehurriedtothestation,only______thatthetrainhadleft.A.tofindB.findingC.foundD.tohavefound【解析】onlytodosth在此表示出人意料的结果。7.Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonly_____thatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.told原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。但是，如果所涉及的动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动式；如果所涉及的动作正在进行，则用-ing的被动式.8.ThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatdinnertablethatIhadtostruggle_____.A.tobeheardB.tohaveheardC.hearingD.beingheard9.Atthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdesks______couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.A.openedandclosedB.tobeopenedandclosedC.beingopenedandclosedD.toopenandclose【解析】of后应接-ing，desks与openandclose之间存在逻辑上的被动关系，又因couldbeheard，所以选-ing的被动式表正在被进行的动作。10.Whenshecamein,shewassurprisedtofindastranger_______atthebackoftheclassroomwithhiseyes_____uponher.A.seating;fixingB.toseat;fixingC.havingseated;fixedD.seated;fixed【解析】seat:vt.Iseatedmyself.=Iwasseated.=Isatdownfixone’seyesupon…制作·窝在躺椅上的猫第4页共5页原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致.11.Facedwithabillfor$10,000，_____.A.JohnhastakenanextrajobB.thebosshasgivenJohnanextrajobC.anextrajobhasbeentakenD.anextrajobhasbeengiventoJohn【解析】(be)facedwith…12.Whilewatchingtelevision，_____.A.thedoorbellrangB.thedoorbellringsC.weheardthedoorbellringD.weheardthedoorbellrings【解析】因为watching的逻辑主语一定是人，排除选项A和B；又因在hear后作宾补的是省略了to的不定式，所以选项D中的rings是错误的。原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式（根据情况可用不定式的完成式或—ing的完成式）13._____fromothercontinentsformillionsofyears，Australiahasmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanyothercountriesintheworld.A.BeingseparatedB.HavingseparatedC.HavingbeenseparatedD.tobeseparated【解析】因为Australia与separate是被动关系，且separate发生在谓语动词has之前，所以用-ing的完成被动式作原因状语。14.Themanager，_____itcleartousthathedidn’tagreewithus，leftthemeetingroom.A.whohasmadeB.havingmadeC.madeD.making【解析】因为Themanager与make是主动关系，且make发生在谓语left之前，所以用-ing的完成式作状语，havingmade...相当于whohadmade...的意思。15.—LiMingissaid____abroad.Doyouknowwhatcountryhestudiedin?（A）hewillstudyin?（B）hestudiesin?（C）—Yes,InLondon.A.tohavestudiedB.tostudyC.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudying【解析】Sbissaidtodo…据说…原则七：用于名词后作定语时，原则是：用不定式，表示动作尚未发生;用-ing，表示动作正在进行;用过去分词，表示动作被动、完成。制作·窝在躺椅上的猫第5页共5页16.Therewillbemorethanthreehundredscientistsattendingthemeeting_____thedayaftertomorrow.A.holdB.holdingC.heldD.tobeheld17.Therearehundredsofvisitors_____infrontoftheArtGallerytohavealookatVanGogh’spaintings.A.waitedB.towaitC.waitingD.wait18.“Things_____nevercomeagain!”Icouldn’thelptalkingtomyself.A.lostB.losingC.tolostD.havel