论我国中小企业技术创新战略

摘要创新是一个民族进步的灵魂。二十一世纪的知识经济时代，人类社会正在经历一场全球性的科学技术革命。企业的竞争、经济的发展，综合国力的较量，日益集中地表现为科学技术的竞争。为此，《国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要2006一2020》提出了“增强自主创新能力，建设创新型国家”的战略目标，并指出“增强自主创新能力，关键是强化企业在技术创新中的主体地位，建立以企业为主体、市场为导向、产学研相结合的技术创新体系”。如果说企业是技术创新的主体，那么中小企业则是技术创新的生力军。中小企业技术创新能力的提高，对于一个国家维持其在全球市场上的竞争力和保持经济的可持续发展至关重要。目前，我国中小企业在技术创新中面临诸多不利因素，如何加强中小企业的技术创新已经越来越引起政府、企业和学术界的高度关注。本文就这一论题展开研究。论文的第一部分从技术创新的概念入手，分析了中小企业技术创新的特点、运作机制。第二部分叙述了世界创新性国家和地区中小企业技术创新的经验及对我国中小企业技术创新的借鉴与启示。第三部分运用实证分析法分析了我国中小企业技术创新的现状及存在的问题第四部分在借鉴与启示的基础上，分别从宏观与微观两个角度提出了我国中小企业技术创新的策略，认为在我国目前经济结构和经济增长方式均处于转型的时期，政府在宏观上建设良好的技术创新环境，企业充分发挥创新的能动性和“建设创新型国家”的民族责任感，两者的有机结合是我国中小企业技术创新的有效策略。关键词：中小企业；技术创新；战略ABSTRACTInnovationisthesoulofnationaladvancement.21centuryistheeraofknowledgeeconomyduringwhichmankindisundergoingaglobaltechnologicalrevolution.Thecompetitionamongenterprises,economiesandcomprehensivenationalpowersisincreasinglyembodiedasthecompetitionoftechnology.LayoutCompendirsmofNationalMediumandlofyTermScierrceayrd7echrologyDeoelopmerrtputsforwardthestrategeticgoalofenhancingindependentinnovationcapabilityandconstructinginnovatingnation,pointingoutthatthekeyofenhancingindependentinnovationcapabilityistoconsolidatethestatusofenterpriseasthemainplayerintechnologyinnovationandestablishthetechnologyinnovationsystemwhichismarket-orientedandcombiningindustry,educationandresearch.AsSMEaretheactivestrengthoftechnologyinnovation,theimprovementoftheirinnovationcapabilityisvitalforanationtomaintaincompetenceinglobalmarketandsustainabledevelopmentofeconomy.Butatpresent,SLVarefacingalotofdisadvantagesonwhichthisthesisisfocusing.Thefirstpartofthisthesisexpatiatesthebackgroundandmeaningnessoftheresearch.Startingfromtheconceptoftechnologyinnovation,thesecondpartanalyzesthecharacteristicsandmechanismofSMEtechnologyinnovation.ThethirdpartnarratesexperiencesofsupportingSMEtechnologyinnovationwhichChinacanlearnfrominnovativenationsandregionsintheworld.Thefourthpart,usingthemethodofdemonstration,analyzestheobstaclesfacingSMEintheirpursuingoftechnologyinnovation.Thefifthpart,onthebasisofforeignexperiences,putforwardfrommacroandmicroperspective,countermeasuresofimprovingChineseSME'stechnologyinnovationcapability.ThekeypointisthatinthetransformingperiodofChina'seconomicstructureandincreasingmode,governmentshouldconstructgoodenvironmentfortechnologyinnovation,whileenterprisesshouldbringintoplaytheirinherentpositivityandbeartheresponsibilityinconstructinginnovativenation.CombinationofthetwoaspectsmentionedaboveistheeffectivewayofimprovingChineseSME'stechnologyinnovationcapability,whichistheoriginalpointofviewofthisthesis.Keywords:SME；technologyinnovation；Strategy目录摘要····························································································ⅠAbstract························································································Ⅱ前言······························································································1一、中小企业技术创新的特点及运作···················································3（一）中小企业技术创新的概念及其类型·······································31.技术创新概念的界定·····················································32.技术创新的基本类型·····················································4（二）中小企业技术创新的特点···················································41.中小企业体制灵活························································42.强调应用技术创新························································53.技术创新效率较高························································54.企业家在技术创新中的作用突出······································5（三）技术创新的相关理论··························································51.技术创新成功理论························································52.国家创新理论······························································6（四）中小企业技术创新的运作机制·············································6二、中小企业技术创新经验与借鉴······················································7（一）国外与地区中小企业技术创新的经验····································71.美国中小企业技术创新经验············································72.德国中小企业技术创新经验············································73.日本中小企业技术创新经验············································74.我国的台湾地区中小企业技术创新经验·····························8（二）对中国中小企业技术创新的借鉴与启示·································8三、我国中小企业技术创新的实证分析············································10（一）中小企业技术创新现况及存在的问题·······························101.资源不足··································································102.缺乏技术开发人员······················································113.缺乏有利于中小企业技术创新的中介和协作网络···············124.科技投入不足，知识产权保护力度不够···························12（二）中小企业技术创新的案例分析·········································12四、我国中小企业技术创新的策略····················································13（一）中小企业技术创新的宏观·················································131.完善立法体系····························································132.建立中小企业管理的专门机构·······································133.建立支持中小企业技术创新的财政体系···························134.建立支持创新的金融服务体系·······································135.完善社会服务体系······················································146.完善知识产权法规体系··