现代大学英语精读5-Lesson-1-Where-Do-We-Go-from-Here-重点词组-总

Lesson1WhereDoWeGofromHere?MartinLutherKingJr.Para.11、beinproportionto与…成比例●Inproportiontothenumberofstudentsweshouldbuild3diningrooms.按学生人数，我们应该建三个餐厅。●你认为我们的薪水与付出的努力相称吗?Doyouthinkwearepaidinproportiontotheeffortwemake?Para.22、substantially①本质上/大体上=essentially②相当地/非常=considerably●Hiscriticismissubstantiallycorrect.批评大体上是●Thepricemaygoupquitesubstantially.●Thecompany'sprofitshavebeensubstantiallylowerthisyear.●Thereareoneortwominordifferences,butthey'resubstantiallythesametext.Para.33、Wemustmassivelyassertourdignityandworth.→Paraphrase:Wemuststateclearlyandinanimpressive令人钦佩的/给人以深刻印象的waythatweshouldbetreatedwithrespectandourvalueshouldberecognized.我们必须坚决维护我们的尊严与价值。4、Thejobofarousingmanhoodwithinapeoplethathavebeentaughtforsomanycenturiesthattheyarenobodyisnoteasy.→Paraphrase:Itisnoeasyjobtoeducateapeoplewhohavebeentoldovercenturiesthattheywereinferiortootherstoseethat设法做到theyarehumans,thesameaswhitepeople.？Para.45、Awhitelieisbetterthanablacklie.→Paraphrase:Alieconcerningatrivialmatterusedforgoodintentionisbetterthanasinister阴险的/灾难性的lie.一个无关紧要的谎言总比一个恶意的谎言要好。Q:DoesEnglishhavesuchphrasesas“whitelie”and“blacklie”?Para.56、striphimofhispersonhood剥夺他的人格…cultivate培养inhimasenseofinferiority7、Toupsetthisculturalhomicide杀人,theNegromustriseupwithanaffirmationofhisownOlympianmanhood.→为了挫败这种文化封杀，黑人必须奋起申明自己高贵的人格。Q:Whydoesthespeakercomparethetendencyto“culturalhomicide”?8、And,withaspirit…,theNegromustboldlythrowoffthemanaclesofself-abnegation克己…→黑人必须竭尽全力以自尊自重的精神，大胆抛弃自我否定的枷锁。manacle：shackle9、…andthisself-affirmationistheblackman’sneed,madecompelling引人注目的；强制的bythewhiteman’scrimesagainsthim.→黑人需要这种自我肯定，而白人反对黑人的罪行使这种自我肯定更显必要。Para.610、intermsof就…而论，在…方面●Intermsofmoney,he'squiterich,butnotintermsofhappiness.●Thejobisgreatintermsofsalary,butithasitsdisadvantages.●这篇文章就观点来说还是不错的，但是语言方面有一些小错误。→Thisessayisquitegoodintermsofidea,however,therearesomeminormistakesinlanguageexpression.11、besubjectto:容易遭受，屈服●Mymotherisverysubjecttoheadaches经常头疼.●Japanissubjecttoearthquakes.●Thepricesforsteel钢铁aresubjecttochange随时发生着变化.●Ourplansaresubjecttotheweather计划取决于天气.●Whileinthiscountryyouaresubjecttoitslaws.12、Strippedoftherighttomakedecisionsconcerninghislifeanddestinyhehasbeensubjecttotheauthoritarianandsometimeswhimsicaldecisionsofthiswhitepowerstructure.→被剥夺了决定自己生活和命运的权利，他只能听任这个白人权利机构所作出的决定摆布。这些决定是专断的，有时甚至是反复无常的。Para.713、offbase:wrong,mistaken(informal)adj.大错特错●Iaskedforaroughestimatebutitwaswayoffbase.我要的是近似估算,结果却完全搞错了。●Hisideaiscompletelyoffbase.他的想法大错特错。14、identifywith视...为同一事物，等同●Neveridentifywealthwithhappiness.千万不要把财富和幸福等同起来。●Heidentifiesbeautywithgoodness.他认为美与善是一致的。●Iidentifiedwiththeheroineofthenovel.我与小说中的那个女主人公感同身受。Para.815、…powerwithoutloveisreckless不顾后果的andabusive,andlovewithpowerissentimental感伤的andanemic贫血的.→Parallel排比没有爱的权力是毫无节制、易被滥用的，而没有权力的爱则是多愁善感、苍白无力的。16、Poweratitsbestisloveimplementing贯彻/执行thedemandsofjustice,andjusticeatitsbestispowercorrectingeverythingthatstandsagainstlove.→Parallel排比权力的最佳形式就是用爱来实现公正的要求，公正的最佳形式则是以权力来纠正任何与爱对立的事物。Para.917、immoralpower&powerlessmorality→rhetoricaldevice修辞手法:chiasmus[kai'æzməs]交错配列法Para.1018、Nowearlyinthiscenturythisproposalwouldhavebeengreetedwithridiculeanddenunciation,asdestructiveofinitiativeandresponsibility.在本世纪之初，这种建议会受到嘲笑和谴责，认为它对主动性和责任感起负面作用。●destructiveof:对…起破坏性作用19、…theabsenceofworldlygoods财产indicatedawantofindustrioushabitsandmoralfiber.Paraphrase:…apersonwaspoorbecausehewaslazyandlackedasenseofrightandwrong.●awantof缺乏；需要:ashortageof,lackof●moralfiber:道德素质20、Nowwerealizethatdislocationsinthemarketoperationsofoureconomyandtheprevalenceofdiscriminationthrustpeopleintoidleness懒惰/失业andbind约束theminconstantorfrequentunemploymentagainsttheirwill.我们的经济市场运作混乱、歧视盛行，迫使人们无事可做并违背他们的意愿，使他们长期失业或不断失业。Para.1221、Thefactisthattheworkwhichimprovestheconditionofmankind,theworkwhichextendsknowledgeandincreasespowerandenrichesliteratureandelevatesthought,isnotdonetosecurealiving.事实上，人们从事改善人类处境的工作，从事传播知识、增强实力、丰富文学财富以及升华思想的工作并不是为了谋生。22、…aformofworkthatbringsasecurityforitsownsakeandastateofsocietywherewantisabolished.这种工作模式出于自身需要带来安全保障，创造了一种废除匮乏的社会形态。Para.1623、odds可能性,机会,[(+on/against)][+(that)]●againstalltheodds尽管有极大的困难；尽管极为不利●Againstalltheodds,herecoveredfromhisillness.非常出人意料，他的病竟然痊愈了。●Againstalltheoddssheachievedherdreamofbecomingaballerina.她冲破重重困难，终于实现了当芭蕾舞演员的梦想。●Theoddsareagainstus.我们成功的机会很小。●Sheisatoddswithherboss.与…不和/不一致/争执Para.1724、…fewifanyviolentrevolutionshavebeensuccessfulunlesstheviolentminorityhadthesympathyandsupportofthenonresistantmajority.→除非主张暴力的少数人得到大多数人的同情与支持，不与他们对抗，否则，暴力革命很少或者说几乎没有成功的。25、onthepartof①在...方面;就...而言●Theagreementhasbeenkeptonthepartofthefactory.工厂方面遵守了协议。②由...所表现出的;由...所作出的●Thereisnoobjectiononthepartoftheownerofthehouse.屋主没有什么异议。Para.1826、Withoutrecognizingthiswewillendupwithsolutionsthatdon’tsolve,answersthatdon’tanswerandexplanationsthatdon’texplain.→paralleledparadoxes平行的悖论.E.g.It’samazinghowstylishanti-stylecanbe.27、addressoneselfto(formal)注意力集中于，致力于●Itistimeweaddressedourselvestothemainitemontheagenda议程/日常工作事项.现在我们该把注意力集中到议事日程上的主要项目上来了。●我们必须致力于解决交通污染问题。→Wemustaddres