英国2015年海上保险法

InsuranceAct2015CHAPTER4ExplanatoryNoteshavebeenproducedtoassistintheunderstandingofthisActandareavailableseparately£.600InsuranceAct2015CHAPTER4CONTENTSPART1INSURANCECONTRACTS:MAINDEFINITIONS1Insurancecontracts:maindefinitionsPART2THEDUTYOFFAIRPRESENTATION2Applicationandinterpretation3Thedutyoffairpresentation4Knowledgeofinsured5Knowledgeofinsurer6Knowledge:general7Supplementary8RemediesforbreachPART3WARRANTIESANDOTHERTERMS9Warrantiesandrepresentations10Breachofwarranty11TermsnotrelevanttotheactuallossPART4FRAUDULENTCLAIMS12Remediesforfraudulentclaims13Remediesforfraudulentclaims:groupinsuranceInsuranceAct2015(c.4)iiPART5GOODFAITHANDCONTRACTINGOUTGoodfaith14GoodfaithContractingout15Contractingout:consumerinsurancecontracts16Contractingout:non-consumerinsurancecontracts17Thetransparencyrequirements18Contractingout:groupinsurancecontractsPART6AMENDMENTOFTHETHIRDPARTIES(RIGHTSAGAINSTINSURERS)ACT201019Powertochangemeaningof“relevantperson”forpurposesof2010Act20OtheramendmentsPART7GENERAL21ProvisionconsequentialonPart222ApplicationetcofParts2to523Extent,commencementandshorttitleSchedule1—Insurers’remediesforqualifyingbreachesPart1—ContractsPart2—VariationsPart3—SupplementarySchedule2—Rightsofthirdpartiesagainstinsurers:relevantinsuredpersonsELIZABETHIIc.4InsuranceAct20152015CHAPTER4AnActtomakenewprovisionaboutinsurancecontracts;toamendtheThirdParties(RightsagainstInsurers)Act2010inrelationtotheinsuredpersonstowhomthatActapplies;andforconnectedpurposes.[12thFebruary2015]EITENACTEDbytheQueen’smostExcellentMajesty,byandwiththeadviceandconsentoftheLordsSpiritualandTemporal,andCommons,inthispresentParliamentassembled,andbytheauthorityofthesame,asfollows:—PART1INSURANCECONTRACTS:MAINDEFINITIONS1Insurancecontracts:maindefinitionsInthisAct(apartfromPart6)—“consumerinsurancecontract”hasthesamemeaningasintheConsumerInsurance(DisclosureandRepresentations)Act2012;“non-consumerinsurancecontract”meansacontractofinsurancethatisnotaconsumerinsurancecontract;“insured”meansthepartytoacontractofinsurancewhoistheinsuredunderthecontract,orwouldbeifthecontractwereenteredinto;“insurer”meansthepartytoacontractofinsurancewhoistheinsurerunderthecontract,orwouldbeifthecontractwereenteredinto;“thedutyoffairpresentation”meansthedutyimposedbysection3(1).PART2THEDUTYOFFAIRPRESENTATION2Applicationandinterpretation(1)ThisPartappliestonon-consumerinsurancecontractsonly.BInsuranceAct2015(c.4)Part2—Thedutyoffairpresentation2(2)ThisPartappliesinrelationtovariationsofnon-consumerinsurancecontractsasitappliestocontracts,but—(a)referencestotheriskaretobereadasreferencestochangesintheriskrelevanttotheproposedvariation,and(b)referencestothecontractofinsurancearetothevariation.3Thedutyoffairpresentation(1)Beforeacontractofinsuranceisenteredinto,theinsuredmustmaketotheinsurerafairpresentationoftherisk.(2)Thedutyimposedbysubsection(1)isreferredtointhisActas“thedutyoffairpresentation”.(3)Afairpresentationoftheriskisone—(a)whichmakesthedisclosurerequiredbysubsection(4),(b)whichmakesthatdisclosureinamannerwhichwouldbereasonablyclearandaccessibletoaprudentinsurer,and(c)inwhicheverymaterialrepresentationastoamatteroffactissubstantiallycorrect,andeverymaterialrepresentationastoamatterofexpectationorbeliefismadeingoodfaith.(4)Thedisclosurerequiredisasfollows,exceptasprovidedinsubsection(5)—(a)disclosureofeverymaterialcircumstancewhichtheinsuredknowsoroughttoknow,or(b)failingthat,disclosurewhichgivestheinsurersufficientinformationtoputaprudentinsureronnoticethatitneedstomakefurtherenquiriesforthepurposeofrevealingthosematerialcircumstances.(5)Intheabsenceofenquiry,subsection(4)doesnotrequiretheinsuredtodiscloseacircumstanceif—(a)itdiminishestherisk,(b)theinsurerknowsit,(c)theinsureroughttoknowit,(d)theinsurerispresumedtoknowit,or(e)itissomethingastowhichtheinsurerwaivesinformation.(6)Sections4to6makefurtherprovisionabouttheknowledgeoftheinsuredandoftheinsurer,andsection7containssupplementaryprovision.4Knowledgeofinsured(1)Thissectionprovidesforwhataninsuredknowsoroughttoknowforthepurposesofsection3(4)(a).(2)Aninsuredwhoisanindividualknowsonly—(a)whatisknowntotheindividual,and(b)whatisknowntooneormoreoftheindividualswhoareresponsiblefortheinsured’sinsurance.(3)Aninsuredwhoisnotanindividualknowsonlywhatisknowntooneormoreoftheindividualswhoare—(a)partoftheinsured’sseniormanagement,or(b)responsiblefortheinsured’sinsurance.InsuranceAct2015(c.4)Part2—Thedutyoffairpresentation3(4)Aninsuredisnotbyvirtueofsubsection(2)(b)or(3)(b)takentoknowconfidentialinformationknowntoanindividualif—(a)theindividualis,orisanemployeeof,theinsured’sagent;and(b)theinformationwasacquiredbytheinsured’sagent(orbyanemployeeofthatagent)throughabusinessrelationshipwithapersonwhoisnotconnectedwiththecontractofinsurance.(5)Forthepurposesofsubsection(4)thepersonsconnectedwithacontractofinsuranceare—(a)theinsuredandanyotherpersonsforwhomcoverisprovidedbythecontract,and(b)ifthecontractre-insuresriskscoveredbyanothercontract,thepersonswhoare(byvirtueofthissubsection)connectedwiththatothercontract.(6)Wh