涂装基本知识之Anti-Foulings

JotunProtectiveAnti-foulingcoatingsJotunKoreaCoatingsCo.,Ltd.Coatingadvisor:Danny(DanGuo-qiang)2015-08JotunProtectiveAnti-foulingcoatingsWhydoshipsneedanti-foulingsystems?Foulingleadstoanincreaseinfuelconsumptionofupto40%,duetotheincreaseindragresistanceAcleanshipsailsfasterandwithlessenergyFoulingwilleventuallydamagetheprimersystemJotunProtectiveAnti-foulingcoatingsWhydoshipsneedanti-foulingsystems?•DirectfuelsavingsbykeepingthehullfoulingfreeApproximately10µmincreaseinroughnessmayleadtoapproximately1%increaseinbunkersconsumption•Extended/flexibledry-dockinginterval•Reducedtimeindry-dock•ReducedmaintenancecostForthepropulsionmachineryJotunProtectiveAnti-foulingcoatingsJotunProtectiveAnti-foulingcoatingsTBTisaveryactiveingredient.About10timesaseffectiveascuprousoxide,butisquiteharmfultotheenvironmentandseaanimalsafterbeingobservedJotunProtectiveContents1.Conventional(Solublematrix)2.Longlife3.Self-polishing(SPC)1)TBTSPC2)Tin-freeSPC4.OrganicsiliconeAFHydrolysing/Hydrating/HybridJotunProtectiveAnti-foulingcoatingsConventional(Solublematrix)•Solublematrixpaints•Rosinasabinder•CuOasamainboicide•Approximately12monthsprotection•Bindersdissolvesinwaterandbiocideisreleased•Dangerofcrackingandflaking•CertainbrandsneedtobequicklyimmersedJotunProtectiveAnti-foulingcoatingsConventional(Solublematrix)JotunProtectiveAnti-foulingcoatingsLonglife•Insolublematrixpaints•Onlybiocides(mainlyCuO)arereleased•Effectiveprotectionisupto24months•Leach-layerleavesweaksubstrateforsubsequentcoat•Sealercoatnormallyrequired•Binder:CR,Vinyl(usuallywithadditionofcolophonyrosin)JotunProtectiveAnti-foulingcoatingsLonglifeJotunProtectiveAnti-foulingcoatingsSelf-polishingAF•Predictableperformance•Extendeddrydockingperiod•Controlofroughnessandsmoothing•No“sandwichcoatings”problems•Foulingcontrolduetolinearbiocide(mainlyCuO)release•Lifetimedirectlyproportionedwithdryfilmthicknessandvessels’speedJotunProtectiveAnti-foulingcoatingsSelf-polishingAFJotunProtectiveAnti-foulingcoatingsSelf-polishingAFJotunProtectiveAnti-foulingcoatingsSelf-polishingAFCOOSnBuBuBu=hydrolysisCO-M+O=OH–BuBuBuIonisedsaltsolution(SeaWater)TributyltinBasedacryliccopolymerAcrylicsaltpolymericresidueSolubleSn+JotunProtectiveAnti-foulingcoatingsSelf-polishingAFCOOSiBuBuBu=hydrolysisCO-M+O=OH–BuBuBuIonisedsaltsolution(SeaWater)TributyltinBasedacryliccopolymerAcrylicsaltpolymericresidueSolubleSi+JotunProtectiveAnti-foulingcoatingsSelf-polishingAFCOO=hydrolysisCO-M+O=Ionisedsaltsolution(SeaWater)R–Cu+(OH-,Cl-)BasicCopperOxideSolubleCuRAcrylicbackboneJotunProtectiveAnti-foulingcoatingsSelf-polishingAF•HydratingPolishesthrougherosion,nosmoothingeffectSomeoftheresinissoluble•HydrolysingChemicalreactioninseawater,self-smoothingeffectSilylacrylateresinreactwithwater,Silylleave,acrylatereactintoasolubleproduct•HybridCombinationofhydratingandhydrolysingbinders,givinglimitedself-smoothingeffectJotunProtectiveAnti-foulingcoatingsSelf-polishingAF(Hydrolysingv.Hydrating)FreshpaintHydrolysingHydratingOneyearTwoyearsJotunProtectiveAnti-foulingcoatingsLeachedlayer•Itisalayeratthesurfaceofanexposedantifoulingwherethecompositionhaschangedandmechanicalstrengthhasbeenreduced•Allantifoulingpaintsdevelopleachedlayers,alittleisfineandshowsthatthepaintisworkingasitshould,toomuchcanbeachallengeJotunProtectiveAnti-foulingcoatingsLeachedlayerPaintfilmsurfaceLeachedlayerCross-sectionofnewlyappliedpaintfilmCross-sectionofpaintfilmafterexposureJotunProtectiveAnti-foulingcoatingsDiscolourationofAFWhitecolor-Reactionwithbinder;RemovedupontradingJotunProtectiveAnti-foulingcoatingsDiscolourationofAFWhitecolor-Reactionwithbinder;Removedupontrading•PolymerchainsarecutbyUVlight=Higherwateruptakeinsurfacelayer•Wateruptake=Morphologyofpolymerchange=Whitishfilmforms=DiscolorationJotunProtectiveAnti-foulingcoatingsDiscolourationofAFBlueorGreencolor-OxidationofCuprousoxide=formationofcoppersalts;RemovedupontradingJotunProtectiveAnti-foulingcoatingsDiscolourationofAFBlueorGreencolorCu2O-2Cu++O2-Cu2OCu2OOxidation2Cu2+=CoppersaltsinseawaterCoppersaltswithlowsolubilityappearsdiscolorationupondryingTheseareusuallyWhitish,greenishandbluish,butmayappearinothercoloursJotunProtectiveAnti-foulingcoatingsDiscolourationofAFBlackcolor-Anaerobicconditionsformcoppersulfite;Chemicallystable;notremovedupontradingJotunProtectiveAnti-foulingcoatingsDiscolourationofAFBlackcolor-Anaerobicconditionsformcoppersulfite;Chemicallystable;notremovedupontradingDetails:Shallowpollutedwatersdoesmostoftensufferfromlackofoxygen,O2.Undersuchconditions,thesedimentscontainsalotofsulphatereducingbacteria's,socalledSRB’s.Duetotheoftenrestricteddepthsofwaterunderthekeel,theSRB’scomeincontactwiththecuprousoxide(red)onthesurfaceoftheAFthatisconvertedtocoppersulphide,CuS(black).Thecoppersulphideisin-solubleinseawaterandwill“block”theperformanceoftheAFisthickenough.JotunProtectiveOrganicsiliconeAFJotunProtectiveOrganicsiliconeAFForenvironment:•Noreleaseofbiocides•Metalfree•Nochemicalfilmdegradation/erosion–longlifetimeofsystem•Lessvolumeofpaintapplie