新概念第三册第一课笔记

3.1Lesson1Apumaatlarge逃遁的美洲狮【Text】课文Pumasarelarge,cat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAmerica.WhenreportscameintoLondonZoothatawildpumahadbeenspottedforty-fivemilessouthofLondon,theywerenottakenseriously.However,astheevidencebegantoaccumulate,expertsfromtheZoofeltobligedtoinvestigate,forthedescriptionsgivenbypeoplewhoclaimedtohaveseenthepumawereextraordinarilysimilar.Thehuntforthepumabeganinasmallvillagewhereawomanpickingblackberriessaw'alargecat'onlyfiveyardsawayfromher.Itimmediatelyranawaywhenshesawit,andexpertsconfirmedthatapumawillnotattackahumanbeingunlessitiscornered.Thesearchproveddifficult,forthepumawasoftenobservedatoneplaceinthemorningandatanotherplacetwentymilesawayintheevening.Whereveritwent,itleftbehinditatrailofdeaddeerandsmallanimalslikerabbits.Pawprintswereseeninanumberofplacesandpumafurwasfoundclingingtobushes.Severalpeoplecomplainedof'cat-likenoises'atnightandabusinessmanonafishingtripsawthepumaupatree.Theexpertswerenowfullyconvincedthattheanimalwasapuma,butwherehaditcomefrom?Asnopumashadbeenreportedmissingfromanyzoointhecountry,thisonemusthavebeeninthepossessionofaprivatecollectorandsomehowmanagedtoescape.Thehuntwentonforseveralweeks,butthepumawasnotcaught.Itisdisturbingtothinkthatadangerouswildanimalisstillatlargeinthequietcountryside二、【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语◆puman.美洲狮◆spotv.看出，发现◆evidencen.证◆accumulatev.积累，积聚◆obligev.使…感到必须◆huntn.追猎；寻找◆blackberryn.黑莓◆humanbeing人类◆cornerv.使走投无路，使陷入困境◆trailn.一串，一系列◆printn.印痕◆cling(clung,clung)v.粘◆convincev.使…信服◆somehowadv.不知怎么搞地，不知什么原因◆disturbv.令人不安学★spotv.看出，发现=see,pickout,recognize,catchsightofeg:Atallmaniseasytospotinthecrowd.Hehasgoodeyeforspottingmistakes.他有敏锐的识别错误的能力spot(做动词时候)=see:强调结果、辨别出、看见、识别、发现。find强调发现的结果。findout查出事实真相。discover做出重大发现notice注意到observe观察watch观察活动中的人或画面2）spotn.斑点eg:Thereisawhitespotontheshirt.1).onthespot立刻，马上（atonce,immediately）Anyonebreakingtheruleswillbeaskedtoleaveonthespot.2)．attheplaceoftheaction在现场Whereversheisneeded,sheisquicklyonthespot.★evidencen.证据(不可数名词)Whenthepolicearrived,hehadalreadydestroyedtheevidence.Evidentadj.明显的,显然的/evidentlyadv.明显地,显然evidence=proofinevidence:显而易见的.Hewasinevidenceattheparty.★accumulatevt,vi.积累，积聚（强调积累的过程）gathervt.聚集，把某人召集在某处collect收集，采集assemble集合，集会，vt.装配hoard大量地贮存Thesquirrelhoardsupnutsforthecoldwinter.hoardup=storeupamass积聚（主要用于诗歌和文学作品）★obligev.使…感到必须feelobligedtodosth.感觉有必要做某事beobligedtodosth被迫做某事★huntn.追猎；寻找（huntfor）--TheexpertsfromLondonzoobegantohunt(v.)forapuma.--Thehunt(n.)forthepumaprovedthedifficult.（provevt.证明,证实）search搜寻某处为了寻找到某人或某物--Thepoliceweresearchingtheforestforthemissingboy.runafter强调追赶,追求--look,adogisrunningafteracat--whatareyourunafterinyourlifeseek=pursuev.追寻(理想)chasev.追赶（--Theyarechasingathief/Theyarerunningafterathief）runafter强调追赶、追求.seek追寻（梦想，理想）=pursuechase追赶.huntforsearch搜寻某处为了寻找到某人或某物★cornerv.使走投无路，使陷入困境作为动词,经常使用被动语态Thecornerofthestreetinthecorneroftheroomonthecornerofthedeskbecornered………被逼得走投无路Thethiefwascorneredatlast.Theproblemcorneredme.这个问题把我难例了。★trailn.一串，一系列trail==followvt.跟踪eg:Thepolicetrailedthecriminaltotheplacewherehewashiding.★cling(clung,clung)v.粘eg:Sheisalwaysclingingtohermother.Heclungtothehopethathewouldsucceed.(抱有，怀有)stick粘住（--sticktheenvelop）stickto坚持sticktotheplan/sticktoone’spromisestickyadj.粘的(stickyfingers）★convincevt.使…信服convincesb.ofsth使sb相信sth和宾语从句that搭配使用eg:Iconvincehimofmyhonesty.（n.诚实,正直）我使他相信我的诚实。没有宾语的情况下要采用主系表结构：beconvincedsbbeconvicnedsb相信eg:Iamconvincedthatsheishonestgirl.（adj.诚实的,正直的）★somehowadv.不知怎么搞地，不知什么原因=bysomemeans,insomeway,forsomereasonunknownsomewhat==alittleeg:I’llgetthebookbacksomehow.无论如何我要把这本书取回来。★disturbv.令人不安disturbingadj.令人不安的disturbed感到不安的surprising令人吃惊的surprised感到吃惊的exciting令人激动的excited感到激动的三、【课文精析】atlarge1：逃遁的，没有被控制的。eg:Thethiefisstillatlarge2：详细的(indetail)细节，详情eg:Ineedtalktoyouatlarge3：总体来讲（asawhole）eg:ThestudentsatlargearehungryforEnglish.（hungryadj.饥饿的,渴望的）1.Pumasarelarge,cat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAmerica.在英文的表达方式中，首先呈现给读者的是结果（和中文不同）英文擅长用长句，中文擅长用短句。Eg:Pandasarelargecat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAsia.cat-like猫一样的,偷偷摸摸的/dog-like狗一样的/life-like:栩栩如生的2.WhenreportscameintoLondonZoothatawildpumahadbeenspottedforty-fivemilessouthofLondon,theywerenottakenseriously.takesthseriously=dealwithsthseriously认真地对待某事takesth.lightly:草率对待某事（lightlyadv.轻率地）--Ialwaystakeyoursuggestionsseriously.--Don’ttakethehotpotatolightly（hotpotaton.棘手的问题(Anidea)…cometosb.某人突然想到了……Anideacametoherthatshemightdotheexperimentinanotherway.一般来讲定语从句和同位语从句紧随在被修饰名词后面，但为了保持句子平衡，也可以把谓语动词放到从句之前1定语从句只是对于被修饰词的补充说明、修饰--定语从句的引导词：指人：主语who;宾语who/whom;定语whose时间状语：when;地点状语：where;原因状语：why定语从句只是对于被修饰词的补充说明、修饰.把某物留在后面Whereverhewent,thewoundsoldierleftbehindhimatrailofblood.伤员所到之处，都留下道道血迹。定语从句中没有what这个关系词，但what可以引导同位语从句同位语从句则是讲述被修饰名词的内容定语从句的引导词：表达事物：that(也可指人)/which同位语从句：名词做主语、宾语时，关系词用that而不是which时间when;地点whereeg:Anideacametoherthatshemightdotheexperimentinanotherway.Ihavenoideawhathashappenedtohim.定语从句中没有what这个关系词，但它可以引导同位语从句3.However,astheevidencebegantoaccumulate,expertsfromtheZoofeltobligedtoinvestigateforthedescriptionsgivenbypeoplewhoclaimedtohaveseenthepuma