时态和语态--被动语态

时态和语态ByVivian英语的基本句型01动词的时态02被动语态03一般时态进行时态完成时态完成进行时态被动语态PassiveVoice主语是动作的执行者主动语态Maryismakingadoll.Shetakescareofthechild.Hehasreceivedtheletter.被动语态AdollisbeingmadebyMary.Thechildistakencareofbyher.Theletterhasbeenreceivedbyhim.主语是动作的承受者动词过去分词不同时态下的被动语态不同时态下的被动语态1.TheSimplePresentTense一般现在时31.一般现在时主动语态被动语态主语+动词原形主语+is/am/are+动词过去分词2.TheSimplePastTense一般过去时32.一般过去时主动语态被动语态主语+动词过去式主语+was/were+过去分词1.Sheboughtanewcarlastweek.2.Iwasn’ttherelastnight.3.Youlookedprettyupsetjustnow.4.Heneversmoked.2.一般过去时Practice22例句：1.Sheboughtanewcarlastweek.2.一般过去时Practice22例句：Anewcarwasboughtbyherlastweek.2.Iwasn’ttherelastnight.2.一般过去时Practice22例句：系表结构不能变被动3.Youlookedprettyupsetjustnow.2.一般过去时Practice22例句：系表结构不能变被动4.Heneversmoked.2.一般过去时Practice22例句：主谓结构没有宾语不能变被动3.TheSimpleFutureTense一般将来时33.一般将来时主动语态被动语态主语+will/shall+动词原形主语+will/shall+be+过去分词“祈使句+and/or+句子”结构中前面的祈使句表条件，and/or后面的句子用一般将来时•Givemeonemorehour,andI’llgettheworkfinished.•Closethewindow，oryou’llcatchacold.3.一般将来时22考点例句：4.ThePresentProgressiveTense现在进行时34.现在进行时主动语态被动语态主语+is/am/are+动词ing主语+is/am/are+being+过去分词Someoneisfollowingme.Iambeingfollowedbysomeone.•I’mwatchingTVnow.•Allthepeopleintheworldareseekinghappiness.•Heismeetingthemanagertomorrow.•Thebossisalwayscrabbingaboutmywork.4.现在进行时22例句：5.ThePastContinuousTense过去进行时35.过去进行时主动语态被动语态主语+was/were+动词ing主语+was/were+being+过去分词WhenIcamelasttime,workerswerebuildingthehospital.Thehospitalwasbeingbuilt(byworkers)whenIcamelasttime.•WhenIsawher,shewasworkingonthecomputer.•Hewasmakingalongdistancephonecallfromtentoelevenlastnight.5.过去进行时22例句：6.ThePresentPrefectTense现在完成时36.现在完成时主动语态被动语态主语+have/has+过去分词主语+have/hasbeen+过去分词Workershavecompltedmanynewbuildingsinthecity.Manynewbuildingshavebeencompleted(byworkers)inthecity.7.ThePastPrefectTense过去完成时37.过去完成时主动语态被动语态主语+had+过去分词主语+hadbeen+过去分词Thestationhadsoldoutalltheticketswhentheyarrived.Alltheticketshadbeensoldout(bythestation)whentheyarrived.8.TheFuturePrefectTense将来完成时38.将来完成时主动语态被动语态主语+will+have+过去分词主语+will+havebeen过去分词Workerswillhavecompletedthenewfactorybytheendofthismonth.Thenewfactorywillhavebeencomplted(byworkers)bytheendofthismonth.•Bytheendofnextmonth,hewillhavetraveled1000milesonfoot.•Bythetimeyoureachthestation,thetrainwillhaveleft.•IshallhavefinisheditnextFriday.•Thebirdswillhavemovedtothesouthbeforewintersetsin.9.将来完成时22例句：9.ThePastFuturePerfectTense过去将来完成时39.过去将来完成时主动语态被动语态主语+would/should+have+过去分词主语+would/should+havebeen+过去分词HesaidthathewouldhavefinishedBookOnebytheendofthisterm.HesaidthatBookOnewouldhavebeenfinished(byhim)bytheendofthisterm.10.ThePastFuture过去将来时310.过去将来时主动语态被动语态主语+should/would+动词原形主语+should/would+be+过去分词Hesaidotherswouldlovehimifhelovedothers.Hesaidhewouldbeloved(byothers)ifhelovedothers.被动语态的特殊情况情态动词的被动语态结构：主语+情态动词+be+过去分词2•Thiscanbedonebyhand.•Thispointmustnotbeneglected.•Coalcouldbeusedinplaceofoilinthissense.•Theenviromentshouldbeimproved.被动语态的特殊情况动词短语的被动语态注意：把短语看做一个整体，不能丢掉其中的介词、副词2•Thedoctorhasbeensentfor.•ThemeetingwillbeputofftillFriday.被动语态的特殊情况某些及物动词本身就有被动含义与well,easily,smoothly,badly连用用主动表被动如：read,write,wash,clean,cook,bake,burn,draw,open,cut,sell,killetc.2•Thisclothwashedverywell.•Yourpenwritessmoothly.•Thisbooksellswell.被动语态的特殊情况beworthdoing在句子中用主动表被动2•Thisnovelisworthreading.•Thiswatchisworthbuying.考点经典例题Itisanexcitingexperiencetoworkasavolunteer.It’sworth_______allmylife.A.rememberingB.torememberC.toberememberedD.beingremembered1)Bothmenspeakloudlyandclearly.S+V主+谓+状经典例题Itisanexcitingexperiencetoworkasavolunteer.It’sworth_______allmylife.A.rememberingB.torememberC.toberememberedD.beingremembered1)Bothmenspeakloudlyandclearly.S+V主+谓+状解析：AWorth后接动名词的主动形式，表被动含义。被动语态的特殊情况当need,want,require,deserve表“需要”主语为物其后用动名词的主动形式/不定式被动形式2•Yourshirtneedswashing/tobewashed.•Thishouserequiresrepairing/toberepaired.考点经典例题Thewashingmachineneeds______beforeitcanbeused.A.repairingB.torepairC.beingrepairedD.tobereparing1)Bothmenspeakloudlyandclearly.S+V主+谓+状经典例题Thewashingmachineneeds______beforeitcanbeused.A.repairingB.torepairC.beingrepairedD.tobereparing1)Bothmenspeakloudlyandclearly.S+V主+谓+状解析：Aneed意为“需要”，主语是物用ing表被动不能使用被动语态的情况2•Yourshirtneedswashing/tobewashed.•Thishouserequiresrepairing/toberepaired.不能使用被动语态的情况2Practice14谢谢聆听