张维友〈词汇学教程〉答案(需打印)

《英语词汇学教程》（2004年版）练习答案【Chapter1】7．tart:loosewomanbloke:fellowgat:pistolswell:greatchicken:cowardblue:fightsmoky:policefull:drunkdame:womanbeaver:girl8.haply=perhapsalbeit=althoughmethinks=itseemstomeeke=alsosooth=truthmorn=morningtroth=pledgeere=beforequoth=saidhallowed=holybillow=wave/theseabade=bid12.DenizensAliensTranslationloansSemanticloanskettlediewallskirthusbandconfrerepropatriaWunderkindmikadoparvenuchopsticktyphoonblackhumourlongtimenoseedream【Chapter2】Ex.1TheIndo-EuropeanLanguageFamilyisoneofthemostimportantlanguagefamiliesintheworld.ItismadeupofmostofthelanguagesofEurope,theNearEastandIndia.EnglishbelongstothisfamilyandtheothermembersoftheIndo-EuropeanhavemoreorlessinfluenceonEnglishvocabulary.AknowledgeoftheIndo-EuropeanLanguageFamilywillhelpusunderstandEnglishwordsbetterandusethemmoreappropriately.2.Indo-EuropeanLanguageFamilyBalto-SlavicIndo-IranianCelticItalianHellenicGermanicRoumanianHindiBretonSpanishGreekEnglishLithuanianPersianScottishFrenchSwedishPrussianIrishItalianGermanPolishPortugueseNorweigianSlavenianIcelandicRussianDanishBulgarianDutch6.Wheninthecourseofhumanevents,itbecomesnecessaryforonepeopletodissolvethepoliticalbondswhichhaveconnectedthemwithanother,andtoassumeamongthepowersoftheearthseparateandequalstationtowhichthelawsofnatureandofnature'sGodentitlethem,adecentrespecttotheopinionsofmankindrequiresthattheyshoulddeclarethecauseswhichimpelthemtotheseparation.MostofthecontentwordsareeitherofGreekorLatinorigin.Whatareleftaremostlyfunctionalwords.ThisshowsthatGreekandLatinplayaveryimportantpartintheEnglishvocabulary.8.eventful[Latin+English]hydroplane[Greek+Latin]falsehood[Latin+English]pacifist[Latin+Greek]saxophone[German+Greek]heirloom[French+English]josshouse[Portuguese+English]television[Greek+Latin]9.amateur(late)finacé(late)empire(early)peace(E)courage(E)garage(L)judgement(E)chair(E)chaise(L)grace(E)servant(E)routine(L)jealous(E)savaté(L)genre(L)gender(E)début(L)morale(L)state(E)chez(L)ballet(L)11.allegro,f轻快andante,j行板diminuendo,g渐弱largo,d缓慢pianoforte,a轻转慢alto,i女低音crescendo,b渐强forte,e强piano,h轻soprano,c女高音12.cherub(Hebrew)snorkel(G)coolie(Hindi)tulip(Turk)lasso(Sp)wok(Ch)shampoo(Indian)chocolate(Mex)tepee(AmInd)jubilee(Gr)kibitz(G)Sabbath(Heb)chipmunk(AmInd)tamale(Mex)cotton(Arab)voodoo(Afr)loot(Hindi)sauerbraten(G)13.a.alligatorb.lococ.rodeod.bonanzae.igloof.blitzkriegg.wigwamh.canoei.hurricanej.boomerangk.panchos【Chapter3】1.a.morphemeb.allomorphc.boundmorphemed.freemorphemee.affixf.informationalaffixg.derivationalaffixh.rooti.stemj.base3.individualisticindividualist+ic[stem,base]individual+ist[stem,base]individu+al[stem,base]in+dividu[root,stem,base]undesirablesun+desirable[stem,base]desir+able[root,stem,base]freemorpheme=freerootmorphemeboundrootboundmorphemeinflectionalaffixaffixprefixderivationalaffixsuffix【Chapter4】Affixation5.non-smokerincapableimpracticaldisobeyinsecurityirrelevantimmatureinability/disabilityunofficiallyunwillingnessillegaldisagreementillogicaldisloyalinconvenientnon-athletic6.hardenhorrifymodernizememorizefalsifyapologizedeepenglorifysterilizelengthenintensifybeautifyfattensympathizea.apologizedb.beautifyc.lengtheningd.sympathizede.fattenf.falsifyg.memorizingh.Sterilize7.a.employeeb.politicianc.participantd.waitresse.conductorf.teacherg.pianisth.examinee/examiner8.trans-=across:transcontinental,trans-worldmono-=one:monorail,monoculturesuper-=over,above:superstructure,supernaturalauto-=self:autobiography,automobilesub-=bad,badly:malpractice,malnutritionmini-=little,small:minicrisis,miniwarpre-=before:prehistorical,preelectionex-=former:ex-teacher,ex-filmerCompoundingheartbeat[S+V]brainwashing[V+O]movie-goer[place+V]bakingpowder[V+adv]far-reaching[V+Adv]dog-tired[adv+a]lion-hearted[adv+a]love-sick[adv+a]boyfriend[S+complement]peace-loving[V+O]snapdecision[V+O]easychair[a+n]on-coming[V+adv]tax-free[adv+a]light-blue[a+a]goings-on[V+adv]4.well-bred/well-behavedculture-bound/homeboundneedlework/homeworkpraiseworthy/respectworthybar-woman/sportswomannation-wide/college-wideclear-minded/strong-mindedmilitary-style/newstyleself-control/self-respectbudget-related/politics-relatedwater-proof/fire-proofonce-fashionable/once-powerfulnews-film/news-lettermock-attack/mock-sadnesssister-in-law/father-in-lawhome-baked/home-producedhalf-way/half-doneever-lasting/ever-greenage-conscious/status-consciouscampus-based/market-basedConversion7.a.stomach[n→v]b.room[n→v]c.wolf[n→v]d.come/go[v→n]e.familiar[a→n]f.innocent[a→n]g.flat[a→n]h.ah/ouch[int→v]i.warm[a→n]j.has-been/might-have-been[finitev→n]k.Hamlet[propern→v]l.buy[v→n]m.smooth[a→v]Blendingmotel(motor+hotel)humint(human+intelligence)advertisetics(advertisement+statistics)psywarrior(psychologicalwarrior)hoverport(hovercraft+port)chunnel(channel+tunnel)hi-fi(high+fidelity)cinemactress(cinema+actress)Clippingcopter(helicopter)dorm(dormitory)lab(laboratory)prefab(prefabricatedhouse)gas(gasoline)prof(professor)scope(telescope)champ(champion)sarge(sergeant)mike(microphone)ad(advertisement)tec(detective)Acronymy2.kg=kilogr