一般过去时

一般过去时态主讲：董宇什么是一般过去时？动词的一般过去时态表示过去的动作或状态。行为动词(即实义动词)的过去式没有人称和数的变化。动词的一般过去时1.be动词的一般过去时(a).be动词一般过去时的肯定句（主语+was/were）（b）.be动词一般过去时的否定句(主语+was/were+not）(c).be动词一般过去时的一般疑问句（Was/Were+主语+…..?）回答：“Yes,…was/were.”“No,…wasn’t/weren’t.(d).be动词一般过去时的特殊疑问句（疑问词+一般疑问句）■Therebe结构be练习总结2.行为动词的一般过去式时be动词的过去式是，was和were.而行为动词的过去式一般是在动词后加-ed.规则动词变化：时态主语一般现在时一般过去时I（第一人称单数）he,she,it(第三人称单数)you(第二人称单、复数)we,they(第一、三人称复数)areamwasiswasarewerebe(am,is,are)wereIam12yearsoldthisyear.我今年12岁.Iwas11yearsoldlastyear.我去年11岁.HeisinBeijingnow.他现在在北京。HewasinShanghaiyesterday.他昨天在上海。TheyareinChinatoday.他们今天在中国。TheywereinJapanyesterday.他们昨天在日本。Iwas11yearsoldlastyear.我去年11岁.HewasinShanghaiyesterday.他昨天在上海。TheywereinJapanyesterday.他们昨天在日本。Iwasnot11yearsoldlastyear.HewasnotinShanghaiyesterday.TheywerenotinJapanyesterday.wasnot=wasn’t[’wEznt];werenot=weren’t[wE:nt]重点提示：Thereis/are…..句型用于一般过去时，需把is,are变成它们的过去式：Therewas/were….Heisabsentfromschooltoday.Hewasabsentfromschooltwodayago.Youwereabsentfromschooltwodayago.(两天前你没到校。)缺席…Shewasateacher.(她以前是个老师)Wassheateacher?（她以前是个老师吗?）Yes,shewas./No,shewasn’t.Theyweredoctors.(他们以前是医生)Weretheydoctors?（他们以前是医生吗?）Yes,theywere./No,theyweren’t.Myfatherwasfreeyesterday.(昨天我父亲有空)Wasyoufatherfreeyesterday?（昨天你父亲有空吗?）Yes,hewas./No,hewasn’t.(不，他没空。)Weretheyinthegarden?(他们在花园吗？)Yes,theywere./No,theyweren’t.(不，他们不在。)WhereisLileinow?（李雷现在在哪？）HeisinShanghai.WherewasLileilastyear?（去年李雷在哪？）HewasinShanghai.Whatisthereinthebag?（包里面有什么？）Thereisacomputer.Whatwasthereinthebagthen?（那时包里面有什么？）Therewasacomputer.疑问词：what,which,where,who,when,whyhow,howmanyhowmuch…记法：特殊疑问词的开头一般是wh或h。什么地方”，“什么人”，“什么时间”“怎么样”，“什么”“多少”“哪一个”Heisbusyeveryday.He_______busyyesterday.He__________busyyesterday.(变成否定句)___________________(变成一般疑问句)___________________(你昨天为什么忙？)____youbusyyesterday?(was,were)Why_____youbusyyesterday?(was,were)waswasn’tWashebusyyesterday?Whywashebusyyesterday?be动词一般现在时和一般过去时句型的比较（以he为主语）时态句型一般现在时一般过去时肯定句Heis…Hewas..否定句Heisn’t…Hewasn’t…一般疑问句Ishe…?Washe…?特殊疑问句疑问词+ishe…?疑问词+washe…?•名词变复数（第3人称单数），过去式，V-ing形式，•“y”后变化口诀：“元音字母+y”,直接加,“辅音字母+y,”去掉它,“y后面的-ing,”随便加。构词法例词一般加-ed■work→worked,worked■want→wanted,wanted以e结尾的词加-d以“元音字母+y”结尾的词，直接加-ed以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，改y为i,再加-ed以“辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母”结尾的，双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed重点提示：■词尾-ed在清辅音后读[t];在元音和浊辅音后读[d];在辅音t,d后读[id]■live→lived,lived■like→liked,liked■decide→decided,decided■play→played,played■stay→stayed,stayed■study→studied,studied■cry→cried,cried■stop→stopped,stopped■prefer→preferred,preferred动词的过去式及过去分词的构成（规则动词变化）辅元辅结构的，双写它构词法例词一般加…■work→■want→以e结尾的词加…以“元音字母+y”结尾的词，…以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，…以“辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母”结尾的…重点提示：■词尾-ed在清辅音后读[t];在元音和浊辅音后读[d];在辅音t,d后读[id]■live→■like→■decide→■play→■stay→■study→■cry→■stop→■prefer→小测验：名词变复数（第3人称单数），过去式，V-ing形式，“y”后变化口诀：规则名词变复数动词第三人称过去式(元首，官大）（副将，官小，不要）“元音字母+y”,直接加boys,buysplayed“辅音字母+y,”去掉它(把y变成i，再+…)baby→babiesfly→fliescry→cried“y后的-ing,”随便加。playing,studying行为动词的一般过去时（1）肯定句：主语+动词的过去式+…Heplayedtennislastweek.（2）否定句：主语+didnot+V原形+…Hedidnotplaytennislastweek.（3）一般疑问句：Did+主语+V原形+…..Didheplaytennislastweek?(4)特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？Wheredidheplaylastweek?总结行为动词一般过去时的肯定句（主语+动词的过去式+…）行为动词的一般过去时没有人称和数的变化。主语即使是第三人称单数，谓语动词也用过去式。LileistudiesEnglisheveryday.LiLeistudiedEnglishtwoyearsago.Heplaystenniseveryday.Heplayedtennislastweek.Hedoeshishomework.Hedidhishomeworkyesterday.不规则动词的过去式has,have–haddo–did….Ihaveeggsandmilkforbreakfasteverymorning.(每天，早餐我吃鸡蛋和牛奶。)Ihadeggsandmilkforbreakfastyesterdaymorning.(昨天，早餐我吃面条。)Hehasfruiteveryday.(他每天都吃水果。)Hehad3applesyesterday.(昨天他吃了3个苹果。)行为动词一般过去时的否定句（主语+didnot+V原形+…）Ihadeggsandmilkforbreakfastyesterdaymorning.(昨天早餐我吃面条。)Ididnothaveeggsandmilkforbreakfastyesterdaymorning.(昨天早餐我没吃面条。)Hedidhishomeworkyesterdayevening.(昨天晚上他做家庭作业。)Hedidnotdohishomeworkyesterdayevening.练习didn’thavedidn’tdo不论主语是第几人称，是单数还是复数，在主语后面加上didnot就可以了，而不是加donot或doesnotWehadagoodtimeyesterday.We_______agoodtimeyesterday.(改否定句)Maryhasclasseslastweek.Mary_____classeslastweek.(否定)ShedidhishomeworklastMonday.She________hishomeworklastMonday.didn’thavedidn’thavedidn’tdo行为动词一般过去时的一般疑问句（Did+主语+V原形+…..）Hewentthere.Didhegothere?Yes,hedid./No,hedidn’t.Ididmyhomeworkyesterday.Didyoudoyouhomeworkyesterday?Yes,Idid.No,Ididn’t.无论主语是第几人称，是单数还是复数，在主语前面加上Did即可。在过去时的一般疑问句中，因为句首用了did,所以谓语动词要用原形LiMingstudiedEnglishthismorning.(变成一般疑问句)DidLiMingstudyEnglishthismorning?（李明今天早晨学英语了吗？）DidLiMingstudiedEnglishthismorning?DoesLiMingstudyEnglishthismorning?WasLiMingstudiedEnglishthismorning?练习行为动词用原形时态应用原句子时态助动词应该用did,而行为动词应该用原形Heplayedtennislastweek.（改疑问句）_______________tennislastweek?Hehadagoodtimeyesterday.________________________yesterday?IsawafilmlastTuesday._________________Tuesday?DidheplayDidhehaveagoodtimeDidyouseeafilm提示：Did+主语+V原形+…..行为动词一般过去时的特殊疑问句（疑问词+一般疑问句）A:Howmanysubjectsdidyoustudylastterm?(上学期你们学习了几门课程？)B:Westudiedsevensubjects.（我们学习了7门课。）A:Whendidyougetupthismorning?（今天早晨你几点钟起床的？）B:Atsix.（6点钟）疑问词：what,which,where,who,when,whyhow,howmanyhowmuch…记法：特殊疑问词的开头一般是wh或h。行为动词一般现在时和一般过去时句型的比较（以go为例）时态句型一般现在时一般过去时肯定句Igotoschool.Hegoestoschool.Iwenttoschool.Hewenttoschool.否定句Idon’tgotoschool.Hedoesn’tgotoschool.Ididn’tgotosc