高考英语单词拼写专题

英语单词拼写高三英语专题复习授课人：吕雅锋旬邑中学WordsSpellingTeachingaimsanddemands:Learnthemethodofwordsspelling.Mastersomespecialwordsandtheirspelling.Teachingkeyanddifficulty:Teachstudentshowtodealwiththewordsspelling.Teachingmethods:Discussing,sumarizingandpracticing.Teachingaid:computer一、高考单词拼写题的命题特点1.单词拼写主要考查考生“识词、记词和用词”的能力。这类试题体现了“词不离句”的特点，要求考生注意单词在句子中的确切含义与正确形式，而不是孤立地死记硬背单词。2.所有单词都是给出汉语提示填词，没有给首字母填单词的。3.所考单词全都是《考试说明》上要求的词，无一生僻词，其中涵盖初中单词。这就要求考生要熟练掌握考纲要求的3000个词汇。多数所考单词为6~9个字母。4.重点考查名词、动词、形容词和副词和最高级的变化。二、高考单词拼写题的常见考点1.名词常考可数和不可数名词的用法，如果是可数名词，常会涉及到单复数的变化。2.动词常考时态、语态、非谓语动词及动词过去式和过去分词的不规则变化。3.形容词、副词常考两者的区别以及比较级4.特殊基数词和序数词的考查2012年陕西省单词拼写66.ThisT-shirtismadeofhighquality_________(纯的）cotton.67.MoreandmoreChinesepeopleareableto________(付得起）totravelabroad.68.Thefirstofficialresultsarenotexpecteduntil_________(星期二）attheearliest.69.Hewaswearingavery__________(严肃的）expressionandIknewsomethingwaswrong.70.Regulartestshelptheteachertolearnaboutthe_________(进步）ofeachstudent.pureaffordtuesdayseriousprogressesTuesdayprogress71.Theopenexhibitionwillallowlocal__________(艺术家）toshowtheirtalents.72.He_________(承诺）thathewouldcome,buthehasn’tturnedupyet.73.Thestaffsoonfoundthenewmanagereasyto_________(接近）.74.Thereisnothingthere—youarejust_________(想象）things!75.Thelittlegirlwalked_________(自信地）ontothestage,readyforherfirstspeech.artistpromiseapproachimagineconfidentartistspromisedimaginingconfidently启示：1.熟记并掌握基本单词词义（关键）。2.认真阅读全句，正确理解句义。3.分析应填词担任的句子成分，正确判断所缺单词的词。4.注意大小写。5.正确、工整、清楚地拼写出所填单词并注意检查。年份词类名词（n.）动词(v.)形容词(adj.)副词(adv.)数词(num.)200843111200943210201034210201144110201234210三、陕西省五年高考词汇词类分布四、解题思路1、通读全句，确定意思通读全句，根据前后内容判断该词意思，确保所填单词在逻辑意义上与整个句子一致。1)GermanyandFranceare（欧洲的）______countries．2)Agood_______（开端）makesagoodending.3)Notallsnakesare（有毒的）_________．4)Ilikethe（设计）_______ofyourfurniture.Europeanbeginningpoisonousdesign2、根据成份，判断词性根据所拼单词在句中作的成份判断其词性。例：1)Heisawriterofrich__________(想象)．2)Thegirlwhokeptshoutingandcryingwas___________(显然)mad．3)Thecoatfither__________(完美地)，soshetookitimmediately．4)Darwinbasedhisideason_________(科学)experiment．解析：第一句中“想象”作介词of的宾语，故需用名词imagination。第二句“显然”修饰形容词mad，故需用副词obviously。第三句所填单词修饰动词fit，故用副词perfectly。第四句“科学”放在名词experiment之前，修饰名词，故需用形容词scientific。3、根据结构，确定形式根据动词在句子结构中的功能判断该动词的形式。例:1)Ourteacherhas________(组织)aclasstriptotheGreatWall．2)PresidentLincolnwasm_____（谋杀）inatheatrein1865．3)Oldpeopleevendiefrom_____（污染）air.4)Thelady_______（量）theclothwasatailor．解析：第一句是动词的现在完成词hasorganized。第二句是动词的被动语态wasmurdered。第三句是过去分词修饰名词polluted.第四句是现在分词measuring作定语修饰thelady。4、上下兼顾，判断单复数通读全句，根据上下意思判断各词的单复数。例:1)Wethinkthat________（黑人）areequaltowhites．2)Theearthisoneofthe________（星体）．3)________(电脑)candoallkindsofthingnow．4)Theteachergaveussome_________（建议）onhowtolearnEnglishwell．解析：第一句名词后用are，该词必定是复数Negroes。第二句前面有oneof结构，因此后面必须用复数planets。第三句因名词前无冠词，而且该名词是可数名词，故名词该用复数：computers。第四句advice为不可数名词，故不可加s。5、全面考虑，不忘大小写例：1)__________(秋天)comesaftersummer.2)SomeAmericanchildrenpostedsome____________(圣诞)cardstous．3)ShejoinedtheYoung_________(先锋)attheageofeight．AutumnChristmasPioneer五、所考词类特点（一）名词1.不可数名词(uc.)adviceinformationfurniturefunprogressknowledgeweather.wealth.等2.单数/复数(-s/-es)3.容易拼写错误的名词：pronunciationexplanationenvironmentgovernmentdecisionexhibition;descriptionmagazinemedicine;organizationrestaurantbeginning等5.一些专有名词:(1).四季与十二月份:springsummerautumnwinterJanuaryFebruaryMarchApril;MayJuneJulyAugustSeptemberOctoberNovemberDecember(2).星期:MondayTuesdayWednesdayThursdayFridaySaturdaySunday(3).学科科目:biologymathematicschemistryphysicspoliticshistorygeography(4).洲名,国家和人名:Asia(n)Africa(n)Europe(ean)America(n)Canada;CanadianAustralia(n)German(y)2.语态:主动语态与被动语态,注意掌握不规则变化的过去分词(broadcast;burst;forbid;steal;tear;bring;buy;strike;put;等)1.时态a.现在时:第三人称单数的变化(-s)b.过去时/完成时:元音加重读闭音节结尾的应双写尾字母(refer;prefer;occur;regret;admit;等)3.非谓语动词:(–ing;-ed;)以及过去分词的不规则变化（二）动词（三）形容词1.要注意以-ed(形容人);和以-ing(形容物)结尾的形容词的区别.disappointed/-inginterested/-ing;excited/-ingsatisfied/-ying;terrified/-yingworried/-ying;moved/-ingastonished/-ingencouraged/-ingfrightened/-ing等2.一些以-ly结尾的形容词:friendlylovelylivelylikelydeadly等.3.系动词(linkverb.)和be动词后+adj.seemlikesoundsmellremainfeeltastebecomegetturn等.4.一些adj.的固定搭配:beanxiousaboutbepopularwithbecontentwithbepleasedwith等.5.要注意adj.比较级与最高级的用法．6.一些由过去分词转化过来的,用来修饰名词的(通常以-ed结尾):experienceddeserteddetaileddeterminedlimitedunknown（四）副词1.要注意那些由形容词转化过来的不去-e的副词:immediatelyrudelypolitelyextremelylatelyseparatelyentirelycompletelyfortunately2.可单独使用或放在句首的副词:(1.)表转折:howeverotherwise(2.)表因果:thereforeconsequently(3.)表递进:furthermoremoreoverbesides(4.)表时间:recentlylatelynowadays3.注意大纲要求的一些拼写较复杂的副词（adv.）(un)usuallysuddenlyregularly(un)successfullyparticularlyespeciallypersonallygenerallyprobablyperfectlynaturallyfrequentlyconvenientlycomfortablygradually（五）数词高考词汇部分考的数词较少，陕西只有在2008年的时候考到过一次．对于数词，需要记住一些不规则变化的序数词：firstsecondthirdfourthfiftheighthninthtwelfthtwentiethfortieth六、2013年备考策略1.采用大容量、快速度的方式，将全部单词复习2—3遍，对已生疏的词汇采取措施强化记忆。2.需要特别熟记的常用词：★一年中的十二个月；一周中的七天；一年中的四季。★大洲大洋国家名(名词、形容词)；★东西南北(名词、形容词)；east(东,东方)；eastern(东方的,东部的)；west(西,西方)；western(西方的,西部的)；south(南,南方)；southern(南方的,南部的)；north(