人教版英语必修一至必修四语法知识复习与练习(详细版)

必修一至必修四语法知识复习Book1Unit1-2直接引语与间接引语直接引语到间接引语的转变注意间接引语中时态，人称，时间状语，地点状语以及其他部分要根据情况发生变化。1.MrBlacksaid,“Ihavewalkedalongwaythisweek.”MrBlacksaidthat___alongway___.A.Ihadwalked…lastweekB.hehadwalked…thatweekC.Iwalked…lastweekD.hehaswalked…thisweek如果引语部分是客观事实或真理，则变为间接引语，定语从句中时态不需要发生变化。2.Theteacheraskedher,“Doesthesunriseintheeast?”Theteacheraskedher___thesun___intheeast.A.if…riseB.if…risesC.whether…roseD.whetherdid…rise引语部分为一般疑问句，变为间接引语由连词whether或if引导，后面用陈述句语序3.Theysaidtous,“Areyouafraidtoleavethishouse?”Theyaskedus___afraidtoleave___house.A.thatwerewe…thisB.thatwewere…thatC.ifwerewe…thisD.ifwewere…that直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语，由相应的疑问词who,whom,whose,how,when,why,where等引导。句式…asked+疑问词+陈述句语序…4.Janesaid,“Whatdidhehearaboutaweekago?”Janeasked___about___.A.thatheheard…aweekagoB.whathehadheard…aweekbeforeC.whathehadheard…aweekagoD.ifheheard…aweekago直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语，把动词原形变成动词不定式，并在动词不定前加tell,ask,order的宾语。句式….tell,ask,ordersbtodo/nottodoEg:Thesoliderordered:”Bequiet.”→Thesoliderorderedustobequiet.Myteacheraskedme:”Don’tlaugh.”→Myteacheraskedmenottolaugh.Book1Unit3现在进行时表示将来时表示最近按计划或安排打算要进行的动作，可以用现在进行时表示将来时。句子中一般有以下特点:1.表示位置转移的动词gocomeleavestartarrivestay等5.—Whatareyougoingtodotonight?—Iamgoingtoattendthelecture,andthenwe______tothebookstore.A.wentB.goC.aregoingD.havegone6.---I’mgoingtotheStates.---Howlong___you___intheStates?A.are;stayedB.are;stayingC.have;stayedD.did;stay2.表示交通方式、行程安排的动词fly,walk,ride,drive,take(abus,ataxi),takeoff等7.Ladiesandgentlemen,pleasefastenyourseatbelts.Theplane____.A.takesoffB.istakingoffC.hastakenoffD.tookoff3.也可用于其他动词8.I’vewonaholidayfortwoweekstoFlorida.I____mymum.A.amtakingB.havetakenC.takeD.willhavetakenBook1Unit4-Unit5Book2Unit1&Unit5定语从句定语从句用于修饰名词，被修饰的名词成为先行词，引导定语的从句需要借助关系词/引导词关系词的作用：1在定语从句中代替先行词；2在定语从句中充当特定成分；3连接主语与定语从句e.g．Themanwholivesnexttoussellsvegetables.（wholivesnexttous为定语从句，修饰先行词theman,关系词who在定语从句中代替theman，在句中作主语。）关系代词关系副词That人、物主语、宾语（省）When时间状语Which物主语、宾语（省）Where地点状语Who人主语、宾语（省）Why原因状语Whom人宾语（省）Whose人、物与名词搭配，做定语★选择关系代词还是选择关系副词，要看定语从句缺少什么成分9.—Wheredidyougettoknowher?—Itwasonthefarm_____weworked.A.thatB.thereC.whichD.where10.—Wheredidyougettoknowher?—Itwasonthefarm_____wevisitedlastmonth.A.whatB.thereC.whichD.where11.Istillrememberthewonderfultime______IhadtogetherwiththeminXinjiang.A.thatB.whenC.inwhichD.onwhich12.Istillrememberthewonderfultime______welivedinAmerica.A.thatB.whenC.inwhichD.onwhich13.Intheend,JapanandKoreareachedthepoint___bothsidessatdownandhadapeacefultalk.A.whereB.thatC.whenD.Which强调句itis/was...that/who...与定语从句判断：去掉强调句的结构完整，这是强调句，否则考虑定语从句14.ItwasinSichuanProvince______theearthquakecausedagreatloss.A.whereB.whichC.whenD.thatItwasSichuanProvince______theearthquakecausedagreatloss.A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that非限制性定语从句不能用that，其他的关系词根据从句缺什么成分以及先行词是人是物进行选择15.TheywillflytoWashington,_____theyplantostayfortwoorthreedays.A.whereB.thereC.whichD.when16.Byservingothers,apersonfocusesonsomeoneotherthanhimselforherself,______canbeveryeye-openingandrewarding.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that17.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschool.Itisnolongerwhatitwas20yearsago,______itwassopoorlyequipped.A.whenB.whichC.whatD.that18.Iwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriend,__________weenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake.A.whichB.whereC.whoD.that非限制性定语从句中，which和as都可以指整个句子，但as还有“正如”的意思，which放句末19.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_____surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.A.whichB.thatC.thisD.itBook2Unit5介词+关系代词引导定语从句1.某些动词，形容词，名词搭配，如talktosb.中的介词置于定语从句之前，这时则要考虑使用介词+相应的关系代词的结构。20.Thecomputer,______hepaid￥3,000,wasonceownedbyhisuncle.A.whichB.forwhichC.thatD.tothat21.Formanycitiesintheworld,thereisnoroomtospreadoutfurther,_____NewYorkisanexample.A.forwhichB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.fromwhich22.Guncontrolisasubject_______Americanshavearguedforalongtime.A.ofwhichB.withwhichC.aboutwhichD.intowhich2.介词+关系代词代替关系副词，其中介词的选择看先行词的固定搭配23.Thereason_______hewaslateagainwasthathewascaughtinatrafficjamintherushhour.A.whichB.inwhichC.forwhichD.ofwhich24.Thefootballmatch_______thestudentscompetedyesterdaywasverywonderful.A.inwhichB.whichC.inthatD.that3.其他情况，如句子表达的需要，数词+of+关系代词，whose+名词=the名词+ofwhich等25.Hisglasses,_____hecouldseenothing,wastakenawaybyanaughtyboy.A.whichB.withoutwhichC.withwhichD.withoutthose26.Atlastwefoundtheholeinthewall_____themousegotintothehouselastnight.A.inwhichB.whichC.throughwhichD.bywhich27.Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,_______wantedtobuyit.A.noneofthemB.bothofthemC.noneofwhomD.neitherofwhom注意复习只能用that的情况（这里不多讲）Book2Unit2–Unit4被动语态（一般将来时的被动语态“将被做”willbedone/begoingtobedone，现在完成时的被动语态“已经被做”have/hasbeendone正在进行时的被动语态“正在被做”bebeingdone）1.时态的判断要看上下文的动作关系，有时可以通过句中的时间状语判断2.主动被动的判断看主语是执行动作，还是承受动作28.—Whydon’twechoosethatroadtosavetime?—Thebridgetoit______.A.hasrepairedB.isrepairedC.isbeingrepairedD.willberepaired29.Itissaidthatanewrobot_____byhiminafewdays.A.designedB.hasbeendesignedC.willbedesignedD.willhavebeendesigned30.---WhydoestheLakesmellterrible?---Becauselargequantitiesofwater______.A.havepollutedB.isbeingpollutedC.hasbeenpollutedD.havebeenpolluted31.Anewcinema_____here.Theyhopetofinishitnextmonth.A.willbebuiltB.isbuiltC.hasb