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当前位置:首页 > 中学教育 > 初中教育 > 高中英语语法It的用法讲解与练习1
1It的用法It的用法在高考中也是重现率较高的语言点,尤其是it用于强调句。其考查方式多通过“单项填空”进行,偶尔也出现在“短文改错”和“完形填空”中。一、要点点拔1.代替上文中提到过的人或事物。指代人时,一般用于小孩或身份不十分明朗的人。1)-Whoisthebaby?-It‘smyteacher’sson.2)-Whoisthatgentleman?-It'smyfriendTom.He(不可用It)wantstoseeyou.2.用于表达天气、环境、时间、距离、季节等。例如:1)It’shalfanhour’swalkfromheretoourschool.2)It‘sniceandwarmhere.3)Butit'stwoo'clocknow,andit'stimeforustogotoschool.3.用作形式主语.it没有具体意义,而只是帮助把真正的主语移至句子后尾,使句子显得平稳一些,能借it给移至句子后尾的主语有三种:一种由不定式表示,一种由动名词表示,一种由从句表示。1).It替代真正的主语——动词不定式短语.Itiseasiertosaythantodo.Itisagoodacttohelptheothers.2).it替代真正的主语——动名词短语,以动名词短语做主语的句子,主要在以nogood,nouse,noharm,dangerous,foolish等词作表语的句中.It’snoharmdrinkingrunningwaterinthatarea。It’sfoolishtalkinglikethat.3).it替代从句作主语,用从句做主语的带it的句子很多,常见的有下面几类:①Itisapity(ashame,afact,awonder,agoodthing,etc.)that…Itisashamethathedidn’tpasstheexam.②Itisstrange(surprising,obvious,true,good,possible,clear,etc.)that…。Itwasclearthattheyhadnodesireforpeace.③Itseems(happened,turnedout,etc.)that…Itseemedthatthingswerenotastheyexpected.④Itissaid(decided,expected,etc)that…Itissaidthattheticketshavebeensoldout.4.用作形式宾语。当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式,-ing短语或从句往往用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语移至句末,句子重心后移。1)WefinditdifficulttolearnEnglishwellinsuchashorttime.2)Wethinkitnousecryingoverspiltmilk.3)Wemadeitclearwhenandwhereweweregoingtohavethemeeting.5.用于强调句型,即“Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who/whom+其它”句型之中。使用该句型有以下几点请注意:①强调句的谓语is或was永远用单数.2ItwasyesterdaythatImetyourfatherinthestreet.②不管被强调部分是哪种状语,只能用that连接,不得使用where、when等连词.ItwasinthestreetthatImetyourfatheryesterday.③被强调部分为人时,可用who(主格或宾格)和whom(宾格)代替that,用that也行。1)Itwasyourfatherthat/whom/whoImetinthestreetyesterday.2)ItwasIthat/whometyourfatherinthestreetyesterday.④强调句中也要注意主谓一致、人称一致和否定转移的问题。1)Itistheywhoareourfriends.2)Itwasnotuntilteno'clockthatwegothomelastnight.⑤注意不要混淆强调句和其他从句。Itiswas…that…为强调句标志,去掉后仍可组成一个完整的句子,只是没被强调,而其他从句一般不具备这一特征。比较:1)Itwasteno'clockwhenwegothomelastnight.我们昨晚到家时已十点了。2)Itwasatteno'clockthatwegothomelastnight.我们昨晚是在十点到家的。第一句不是强调句,when不可改为that,因为去掉itwas和that后,只能组成“Wegothometeno'clocklastnight.”这样一个不完整的句子;第二句是强调句,that不可改为when.二、常用句型及考点I.形式主语型1.Itisclear(obvious,true,possible,certain…)that…2.Itisimportant(necessary,right,strange,natural…)that…掌握本句型,应该记住所列举的形容词,并且记住that后的从句应用虚拟语气(should+动词原形),should可以省去。3.Itisnogood(use)doingsth.4.Itisapity(ashame…)that…本句型中,that后的从句一般用虚拟语气(should十动词原形),should可以省去。表示出乎意料,常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时,则不用虚拟语气。5.Itistime(abouttime,hightime)that…本句型中that后的从句应该用虚拟语气。6.Itisthefirst(second…)timethat…7.Itissaid(reported,learned….)that…8.Itissuggested(ordered…)that…本句型中的过去分词应该是表示请求、建议、命令等的词,that后的从句要用虚拟语气(should十动词原形),should可以省略。常译为“据建议;有命令……”。9.Ithappens(seems,appears)that…10.Ittakessb…todosth.11.Itdoesn’tmatterwhether…12.Itiskind(ofsb)todosth.本句型中的不定式如果需要逻辑主语,则须要前置介词of,而句型中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词,常见的有bad,brave,careless,clever,cruel,foolish,honest,horrible,kind,lazy,modest,naughty,polite,rude,silly,stupid,wise,wrong等。13.Itisnecessary(forsb)todosth.314.Itis(just)likesbtodosth.本句型为“某人(恰恰)是……样子”。用来表示赞扬或不满,若用否定式,则表示怀疑。例:It'slikehimtoleavetheworktoothers.他就是这样的一个人,把工作推给别人。15.Itisuptosbtodosth.本句型表示“谊由某人做……”。II.强调句型Itis+被强调部分+that/who…本句型中被强调部分可以是主语、宾语或状语。强调的主语如果是人,that可以由who换用。III.其他句型1.Itis…since…本句型主句中用时间作表语,一般用现在时或完成时,since引导的从句常用瞬间动词的一般过去时态。主句如用一般过去时,则从句用过去完成时。2.Itis…when…本句型中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句,主句中的it指时间,表语由具体的时间充当。3.Itlooks(seems)asif...本句型中的asif引导一个状语从句,常译为“看起来好像……”。如果与事实不相符合,则用虚拟语气.例1Itlooksasifheisill(真的病了).例2Itlooksasifhewereill(没有生病).Exercises:一.单项选择1.Itwasatthegate____hetoldmethenews.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.when2.Is____necessarytotellhisfathereverythingA.itB.thatC.whatD.he3.Wasitinthispalace____thelastemperordied?A.thatB.inwhichC.inwhereD.which4.Is____possibletoflytothemooninaspaceship?A.nowB.manC.thatD.it5.WasitduringtheSecondWorldWar____hedied?A.thatB.whileC.inwhichD.then6.Is____necessarytocompletethedesignbeforeNationalDay?A.thisB.thatC.itD.he7.Idon'tthink____possibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.A.thisB.thatC.itsD.it8.Does____matterifhecan'tfinishthejobontime?A.thisB.thatC.heD.it9.Itwasnot____shetookoffherdarkglasses____Irealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.A.when;thatB.until;thatC.until;whenD.when;then410.Tom‘smotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkharder,but____didn’thelp.A.heB.whichC.sheD.it11.____isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It12.Is________possibletoflytothemooninaspaceship?A.nowB.manC.thatD.it13.Ourfoodandservicearebetterthan________usedtobe.A.itB.weC.theyD.them14.________appearstome________thereportmustbetruth.A.That;itB.It;thatC.It;itD.That;that15.Hefeels________dutytohelpothers.A.thatheB.thathisC.itheD.ithis16.Take________easy.Theroadsareicy.A.itB.themC.usD.you17.TheTVsetsmadeinChinaaremuchbetterthan________inJapan.A.thatB.thoseC.themD.It18.——Haveyoufoundthebikeyoulostyesterday?——Yes,I'vefound________already.A.itB.thatC.theoneD.thatone19.——I'mlookingforaflat.——Wouldyoulike____with____garden?A.it;theB.it;aC.one;aD.one;the20.________was________whoImetinthemuseumthismorning.A.It;himB.It;heC.That;heD.That;him21.Itwasinthericefields________wehadourLeaguemeeting.A.whereB.thatC.inw
本文标题:高中英语语法It的用法讲解与练习1
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