牛津译林版英语八年级上册期末考试知识点梳理-unit1-4

Unit1-41、“数词+more+名词复数”=“another+数词+名词复数”如：threemorechairs=anotherthreechairs2、careaboutsth.关心、关怀careforsb.照顾某人=lookafter3、talkaboutsth.谈论某事/talktosb.跟某人谈话/talkwithsb.强调相互交流/4、lie（说谎）、lay（平放、下蛋）、lie（躺、位于）的区别lie----lied---lied---lying(说谎)lay---laid---laid---laying(平放、下蛋)lie---lay-----lain----lying(躺、位于)eg.Don’tbelievehim,heis________.Please______downandhavearest.Thenovelwas______(平放)onthetablejustnow.5、oneof+(形容词的最高级+)可数名词复数形式6、believesb.“相信某人所说的是实话”believeinsb.“信任某人；相信某人能取得好成绩”7、playajokeonsb.___________________bewillingtodosth.__________________helpsb.withsth.___________Inneedof________________________haveagoodsenseofhumour__________cheersb.up______________8、voice名词，意为“嗓音”可指人的声音也可指鸟的声音Sound名词，意为“声音，声响”感官类动词“听起来”Noise名词，意为“噪音、喧闹声”多指不悦耳的嘈杂声9、bored无聊的；乏味的interested感兴趣的excited激动的；兴奋的amused有趣的Boring令人感到无聊的interesting有趣的exciting令人兴奋的amusing逗人笑的Surprised惊奇的tired劳累的frightened害怕的delighted高兴的Surprising令人惊奇的tiring令人劳累的frightening令人害怕的delighting令人高兴的（以-ed结尾的形容词修饰的都是人；以-ing结尾的形容词修饰的都是物）10、fit/match/suit的用法fit（1）及物动词大小、尺寸等“合身”Thejacketdoesn’tfitme.（2）形容词befitforsb.“适合的，恰当的”Heisn’tfitforthejob.（3）形容词“健康的，结实的”keepfit=keephealthymatch动词多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配；人与人、物与物搭配用matcheg.Thecarpetsshouldmatchthecurtains.Suit动词指颜色，花样或款式适合eg.Thejacketdoesn’tsuithim.Haveyougotanotherstyle?Suitable形容词besuitableforsb.11、knocksth.onto….把…撞到…上Knockat/on敲knockover撞翻；撞knockdown打倒；knockoff敲落eg.Lilyissocareless.She___thecup_____theground..Whenhe_________thedoor,hisdogwentoutandbarked12、What’shelike?常用来询问某人的性格或内在品质Whatdoessb.like?某人喜欢什么？whatdoeshelooklike?询问某人的外貌长的什么样？=Howdoessb.look?13、both…and…….和…..（两者）都（谓语动词用原形）either….or….要么…要么…（就近原则）Neither…nor…既不…也不…（就近原则）notonly…butalso不仅..而且..(就近原则)14、表示建议的句子有：（1）whydon’tyoudosth.=whynotdosth.（2）Whatabout/howaboutdoingsth.（3）Shallwedosth./let’sdosth.（4）Wouldyouliketodosth.?（5）You’dbetter(not)dosth.15、few/afew/little/alittle的区别Little/alittle+不可数名词few/afew+可数名词Afew/alittle表示肯定（一点/一些）few/little表示否定（几乎没有）16、take/bring/get/fetch/carry的区别：take指拿走A→Beg.I’mgoingtotakeyoutoBeijing.bring指带来A←Beg.Bringmeacupoftea,please.get指到别的地方把某物或某人带来或拿来eg.Shewentbacktogetherhandbag.fetch去取来A→←B与get相似eg.Pleasefetchmesomechalk.carry不强调方向，带有负重的意思eg.Themonkeycarriedthebagonherback.17、offersb.sth=offersth.tosb意为“主动拿给；给予”=givesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.Providesb.withsth.=providesth.tosb.为某人提供某物18、Intheend=finallyattheendof在…的末尾neartheendof在…快结束时bytheendof到..末尾为止19、Win及物动词指赢得比赛后面不可加人winthegame/thebasketballmatchBeat及物动词指打败后面跟人beatsb.20、anumberof与thenumberof的区别：“anumberof+复数名词”意为“许多”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数；“thenumberof+复数名词”意为“……的数目”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。21、“四大花费”Spend：sb.（人）+spend+时间/金钱+onsth.sb.（人）+spend+时间/金钱+(in)doingsth.pay：sb.（人）+pay+金钱+forsth.cost：sth.(物)+cost+sb.+金钱Doingsth.costs+sb.+时间take：ittakessb.+时间+todosth.22、look相关短语lookthrough________lookafter________lookfor______lookover________lookup________lookout____________lookforwardto__________________lookat__________looklike________23、keep的用法（1）keep（on）doingsth.“继续、重复做某事”表示动作持续不断Hekeptaskinghismotherwhattoeat.（2）keep+形容词“使处于…的状态”Everyoneshoulddoexerciseandkeephealthy.（3）keep+宾语+形容词“使..处于…的状态”Weshouldkeeptheclassroomclean.（4）keep+宾语+fromdoingsth.“阻止….做某事”=stopsb.fromdoingsth.=preventsb.fromdoingsth.（5）keepoff=keepawayfrom远离如：keepoffthegrass.24、动词+doingsth.Godoingsth./finishdoingsth./Begoodatdoingsth./dowellindoingsth.How/whataboutdoingsth./practisedoingsth./minddoingsth./becrazyaboutdoingsth.25、Exercise动词或名词“锻炼”不可数。Exercise名词表示“练习、操”可数，复数形式needtoexercise26、takepartin/join/joinin/enterfor/attend表示参加的区别:takepartin指参与某种活动并发挥作用eg.Tomtookpartinthesportsmeetingandwonthefirstprize.Join指参加某种组织；或加入到某个人群众，从而成为其中一员eg.Shehasjoinedthearmy.Joininsth/doingsth后一般接某种娱乐、游戏类活动。eg.CanIjoininthegame?Enterfor指报名参加；eg.Almosteveryoneinthevillageentersforthenicestgardencompetitioneveryyear.Attend指出席某种活动还可以表示上课eg.attendclass;attendthereport;attendthemeeting27、arriveat、arrivein/getto/reach的用法区别：Arriveat后接小地点arriveatschoolArrivein后接大地点arriveinLondonGet必须与to一起表示“到达”之意后加地点Reach是及物动词后面直接加地点做宾语注意：若后接地点副词如：home/here/there时getto、arriveat/in介词需省略；而reach后不能接地点副词28、can’twait迫不及待can’twaittodosth.迫不及待去做某事can’twaitforsth.对某事迫不及待29、geton________getoff_______getin/into________getoutof_______getonwellwith_________getup_______30、couldn’tbelieveone’seyes____________________couldn’tbelieveone’sears________________________________31、foroneself亲自；为自己/byoneself独自；独立地eg.Shecanmakeakite____________.Hankcouldn’tbelievehisears.Heopenedthedoortosee_________.Saytooneself______thinktooneself________enjoyoneself_________teachoneself_______lookafteroneself_______Takecareofoneself__________helponeself____________keepsth.tooneself__________32、takeplace与happen的区别takeplace常用于已计划、已安排或人们积极参与的事情happen偶然发生的事情，也用于由另一件事情引起事情33、scissors复数名词；单独做主语时谓语动词用复数形式；而与pair连用时，谓语动词要与pair一致类似的复数名词还有：shoes、jeans、glasses、chopsticks、gloves、trousers等34、instead与insteadof的用法区别Instead放在句末前面加替代者如：Lilyisn’there.AskLucyinstead.Insteadof介词短语，放在句中后接被替代物如：I’dliketogoswimminginsteadofstayingathome.35、putin_________putup_________puton__________putaway_______putdown_______putout________putaside_______