醇酚醚习题答案_revised2

第八章醇酚醚8.1命名下列化合物a.C=CH3CHCH2CH2OHHb.CH3CHCH2OHBrc.CH3CH-Ch2CH2-CHCH2CH3OHOHd.C6H5CHCH2CHCH3CH3OHe.CH3OHf.CH3OCH2CH2OCH3g.OCH3h.HCCH3OHi.OHCH3j.OHNO2答案：a.(3Z)－３－戊烯-1-醇(3Z)－３－penten－1－olb.2－溴1-丙醇2－bromopropanolc.2,5－庚二醇2,5－heptanediold.4－苯基－2－戊醇4－phenyl－2－pentanole.(1R,2R)－2－甲基环己醇(1R,2R)－2－methylcyclohexanol(反-2－甲基环己醇)f.乙二醇二甲醚ethanediol－1,2－dimethyletherg.(S)－1,2-环氧丙烷(S)－1,2－epoxypropaneh.间甲基苯酚m－methylphenoli.1－苯基乙醇1－phenylethanolj.4－硝基－－萘酚4－nitro－－naphthol8.5完成下列转化a.Ob.CH3CH2CH2OHc.CH3CH2CH2OHCH3CH2CH2OCH(CH3)2d.CH3CH2CH2CH2OHCH3CH2CHCH3OHe.OHOHSO3Hf.CH2=CH2HOCH2CH2OCH2CH2OCH2CH2OHg.CH3CH2CH=CH2CH3CH2CH2CH2OHh.ClCH2CH2CH2CH2OHOCH3CCHOH答案：a.OHCrO3.Py2Ob.CH3CH2CH2OH浓H2SO4Br2BrBrCH3CH-CH2KOH/EtOHc.ACH3CH2CH2OH(CH3)2CHBrCH3CH2CH2OCH(CH3)2H+HBrCH3CHCH3BrCH3CCHNaCH3CH=CH2CH3CH=CH2orPCCB.CH3CH2CH2OHHBrH+HOHCH3CH2CH2BrCH3CHCH3OHH+NaCH3CHCH3ONaCH3CH2CH2BrT.MCH3CH=CH2d.CH3CH2CH2CH2OHHOHCH3CH2CHCH3OHe.OH浓H2SO4OHSO3Hf.稀冷KMnO4CH2-CH2OHOHO2HOCH2CH2OCH2CH2OCH2CH2OHClCH2CH2OHHOCH2CH2OCH2CH2OCH2CH2OHH2O+Cl2ClCH2CH2OHg.Et2OH2O2OH－CH3CH2CH2CH2OHh.ClCH2CH2CH2CH2OHNaOHONaOHHBrCH3CH2CH2CH2BrNaOHCH3CH2OH1)2),,H+CH3CH2CH=CH2CH2=CH2CH3CH2CH=CH2B2H68.6用简便且有明显现象的方法鉴别下列各组化合物HCCCH2CH2OHCH3CCCH2OHa.b.CH2OHOHCH3c.CH3CH2OCH2CH3,CH3CH2CH2CH2OH,CH3(CH2)4CH3d.CH3CH2Br,CH3CH2OH答案(提示)：a.Ag(NH3)2+b.FeCl3c.浓H2SO4和K2Cr2O7d.浓H2SO4,orAgNO38.7下列化合物是否可形成分子内氢键？写出带有分子内氢健的结构式。a.NO2OHb.NO2OHCH3COCH2CHCH3OHc.d.OHO答案：a,b,d可以形成a,NOOOHcis－NOOOHtrans－NOHOOOHNOOb.OHOH2CH3CCH3d.OOH8.8写出下列反应的历程OHH++答案；OHH++OH2abab++H+H++_H2OH__8.9写出下列反应的产物或反应物a.(CH3)2CHCH2CH2OH+HBrb.c.OCH3CH2CH2OCH3+HI(过量)d.OCH3+HI(过量)e.(CH3)2CHBr+NaOC2H5f.CH3(CH2)3CHCH3OHKMnO4OH－g.HIO4+CH3CH2CHOh.HIO4CH3COCH2CH2CHOi.OHCH3+Br2CH3COOHCH3(CH2)2CHOHCH2CH3浓分子内脱水H2SO4答案：a.(CH3)2CHCH2CH2OH+HBr(CH3)2CHCH2CH2Brb.c.OCH3CH2CH2OCH3+HI(过量)ICH2CH2I+CH3IOCH3+HI(过量)ⅠⅠe.(CH3)2CHBr+NaOC2H5(CH3)2CHOC2H5+f.CH3(CH2)3CHCH3KMnO4OH－CH3(CH2)3COCH3g.CH3COCHOHCH2CH3HIO4+CH3CH2CHOh.CH3OHOHHIO4CH3COCH2CH2CHOi.OHCH3+Br2OHCH3BrBrCCl4,CS2中OHCH3CH=CH2CH3COOHd.OHCH3BrorCH3(CH2)2CHOHCH2CH3浓分子内脱水H2SO4+CH3CH2CH=CHCH2CH3CH3CH2CH2CH=CHCH38.104－叔丁基环己醇是一种可用于配制香精的原料，在工业上由对叔丁基酚氢化制得。如果这样得到的产品中含有少量未被氢化的对叔丁基酚，怎样将产品提纯？答案：用NaOH水溶液萃取洗涤除去叔丁基酚.8.11分子式为C5H12O的A，能与金属钠作用放出氢气，A与浓H2SO4共热生成B。用冷的高锰酸钾水溶液处理B得到产物C。C与高碘酸作用得到CH3COCH3及CH3CHO。B与HBr作用得到D（C5H11Br），将D与稀碱共热又得到A。推测A的结构，并用反应式表明推断过程。答案：A.COHH3CH3CCH2CH3B.C=CHCH3H3CH3CC.C-CHCH3H3CH3CD.C-CH2CH3H3CH3CBrOHOH8.12用IR或1HNMR谱来鉴别下列各组化合物，选择其中一种识别的方法，并加以说明。a.正丙醇和环氧丙烷b.乙醇和乙二醇c.乙醇和1,2-二氯乙烷d.二正丙基醚与而异丙基醚答案：a．IR：正丙醇有-OH吸收峰，3000cm-1,环氧丙烷没有。1HNMR估计值:O2.712.501.16OH0.961.523.532.0b．1HNMR估计值：OH1.113.572.0HOOH2.03.723.722.0c．1HNMR估计值：OH1.113.572.0ClCl3.663.66d．1HNMR估计值：O0.961.503.373.371.500.96O1.163.193.191.161.161.168.13分子式为C3H8O的化合物，其IR及1HNMR图如下，推测其结构，并指出1HNMR中个峰及IR中2500cm-1以上峰的归属。答案：OH