浮标式气动测量仪的工程应用

洛阳理工学院毕业论文I气动测量仪的工程应用——浮标式气动测量仪摘要机械加工中传统测量尺寸的量具和方法很多，一般常用的有游标卡尺、千分尺、百分表等，这些量具适用于现场测量，但有时测量精度达不到要求。测量精度高的如测长机、三坐标测量机等，对环境要求较高，不适合作现场测量。一些容易产生变形的工件(如薄壁零件)，用传统的测量方法，则有可能由于测量人员的人为因素，如测量经验、测力的掌握不匀等，引起工件在测量过程中变形，这样就使得测量数据的可靠性受到影响。气动测量由于其测量方法比传统的方法有许多的优越性，既适合现场测量，又能达到较高的测量精度，因此在机械加工中的应用日益增加。气动量仪是机械制造工业中使用的一种精密测量仪器，用于测量工件的长度、厚度、槽宽、内孔直径、外圆直径、两孔中心距、轴心线直线度、圆度、垂直度、平行度等各种参数。具有测量精度高、结构简单、使用维护方便、可以实现非接触式远距离测量等优点。若与各种类型的气动测量头配合使用，还可以完成多种测量工作。因此，在各种测量仪器中，气动测量仪是一种很有发展前途的测量仪器。基于气动量仪的以上优点，本文重点讨论了气动量仪中最具代表性的浮标式气动量仪。本论文的研究具有重要的科学意义和实用价值，主要表现在以下几个方面：气动测量方法广泛应用于汽车、轴承、内燃机、塑料、造纸、机械加工等行业，随着技术的不断发展，高精度的加工必然要求相应的高精度测量措施，常规的测量仪器由于精度、测量条件的限制，将难以完成日益复杂的测量任务。利用现代电子技术、计算机技术结合气动测量方法研制高精度、智能化、自动化的气动测量仪适应了现代科技发展的潮流，必将为我国工业现代化作出重大的贡献。关键词：气动量仪，精密测量，量仪，机械制造洛阳理工学院毕业论文IIENGINEERINGAPPLICATIONOFPNEUMATICMEASURINGINSTRUMENT--FLOATTYPEPNEUMATICMEASURINGINSTRUMENTABSTRACTConventionalmachiningandmethodofmeasuringthesizemeasurementofmanycommonlyusedwithcaliper,micrometer,dialindicator,etc.thesemeasuringtoolsforfieldmeasurements,butsometimesitismainlythemeasurementaccuracy.Suchashighprecisionmeasuringmachine,CMM,etc.ontheenvironmentarehigher,andisnotsuitableforon-sitemeasurements.Someeasydeformationoftheworkpiece(suchasthin-walledparts),thetraditionalmeasurementmethods,theremaybeduetohumanfactorsmeasurementpersonnel,suchasmeasuringexperience,measuringmasteryofsuchuneven,causingdeformationoftheworkpieceinthemeasurementprocess,sothatmakesthereliabilityofmeasurementdataareaffected.Pneumaticmeasurementbecauseofitsmeasurementmethodsthanthetraditionalmethodhasmanyadvantages,bothforon-sitemeasurements,whilemaintaininghighprecision,andthereforetheapplicationofmechanicalprocessingisincreasing.Pneumaticmeasuringinstrumentisthemachinerymanufacturingindustryintheuseofaprecisionmeasuringinstrumentformeasuringtheworkpiecelength,thickness,width,borediameter,outerdiameter,centerdistanceoftwohole,theaxislinestraightness,roundness,perpendicularity,parallelism,andotherparameters.Hashighaccuracy,simplestructure,easymaintenance,youcanachievenon-contactdistancemeasurementandsoon.Ifthemeasuringheadwiththevarioustypesofairwiththeuseofmultiplemeasurementscanbedone.Thus,inavarietyofmeasuringinstruments,pneumaticmeasuringinstrumentisapromisingmeasuringinstrument.Basedontheaboveadvantagesofpneumaticmeasuringinstrument,whichgivesthemostrepresentativeofpneumaticmeasuringinstrumentbuoytypepneumaticmeasuringinstrument.Thisstudyhasimportantscientificsignificanceandpracticalvalue,mainlyinthefollowingareas:aerodynamicmeasurementmethodiswidelyused洛阳理工学院毕业论文IIIinautomobiles,bearings,internalcombustionengine,plastics,paper,machineryandprocessingindustries,astechnologycontinuestodevelop,necessaryrequirementforhighprecisionmachininghigh-precisionmeasurementoftheappropriatemeasures,theprecisionofconventionalmeasuringinstruments,measurementconditions,itwouldbedifficulttocompleteincreasinglycomplexmeasurementtasks.Theuseofmodernelectronictechnology,computertechnologydevelopedhigh-precisionmeasurementmethodcombinedwithpneumatic,intelligent,automatedpneumaticmeasuringinstrumentadaptedtothemoderntrendoftechnologicaldevelopment,industrialmodernizationinChinawillsurelymakeasignificantcontribution.KEYWORDS:pneumaticmeasuringinstrument,precisionmeasuring,measuringinstrument,machinery洛阳理工学院毕业论文IV目录第1章前言....................................................................................11.1气动测量仪的发展史...........................................................11.2气动量仪的特点...................................................................2第2章气动量仪的工作原理...........................................................42.1气动测量仪的工作原理.......................................................42.2气动测量仪的分类...............................................................52.3流量式气动测量仪...............................................................52.3.1流量式气动量仪测量原理..........................................52.3.2流量式气动量仪的工作特性......................................62.3.3流量式气动测量仪的主要技术参数..........................72.4压力式气动量仪...................................................................72.4.1压力式气动量仪测量原理..........................................82.4.2压力式气动量仪的主要技术参数..............................8第3章气动量仪的理论基础.........................................................103.1喷嘴挡板机构的形成.........................................................103.2喷嘴挡板机构的压力特性.................................................113.3喷嘴挡板机构的流量特性.................................................12第4章浮标示气动测量仪的结构和部件......................................144.1浮标示气动测量仪的基本气路..........................................144.2浮标式气动量仪的结构及材料工艺性..............................154.2.1浮标式气动量仪的结构............................................154.2.2浮标式气动量仪所用的材料和结构工艺性.............194.2.3QFP型浮标式气动量仪结构的优点.........................204.3浮标式气动量仪的气动测量头和校对规..........................204.4浮标式气动量仪的选用原则..............................................22第五章浮标式气动量仪的使用方法..............................................245.1操作前的准备工作.............................................................245.2调整.....................