邻苯二甲酸二辛酯的合成_论文

太原科技大学毕业设计（论文）I邻苯二甲酸二辛酯的合成研究及相关性能的研究摘要邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)是一种最广泛使用的增塑剂，具有良好的综合性能，增塑效率高，挥发性较低，低温柔软性较好，耐热性和耐候性良好,具有良好的工业化前景合成植物酯与PVC树脂粉有着非常优异的相溶性。抑制析出冒油，浅黄无异味，抗低温性能优异，零下18度不结晶，冬天正常使用。生产出的塑料制品具有较高的机械性能、优异的胶凝能力，耐皂化和低的迁移性，电阻性能良好，低温时有显著的稳定性。。本文以异辛醇(2-乙基己醇)和邻苯二甲酸酐（苯酐）为原料，在催化剂作用下合成增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)。分别以氧化铝、氧化锌、乙酸锌、辛酸亚锡、对甲苯磺酸5种单体催化剂及其以一定比例相互复配的乙酸锌/对甲苯磺酸、辛酸亚锡/氧化铝、氧化锌/氧化铝、辛酸亚锡/氧化锌4种复配催化剂合成DOP，考察催化剂对合成DOP的影响，以及相关性能的研究，结果表明，氧化铝与辛酸亚锡以1∶1比例复配为最佳催化剂，并考察了反应条件对合成DOP的影响，结果表明，在异辛醇与苯酐摩尔比3∶1，辛酸亚锡/氧化铝复配催化剂用量分别占反应物总量的0.2%，反应温度230℃，反应时间2.5h的最佳工艺条件下，反应物酯化率达91.79%。关键词:邻苯二甲酸二辛酯催化剂反应温度醇酐摩尔比ABSTRACTIIStudyoftheSynthesisofdioctylphthalateAbstractDioctylphthalate(DOP)isoneofthemostwidelyusedplasticize,highplasticizingefficiency,lowvolatility,goodlowtemperatureflexibility,goodheatresistanceandweatherability,andhasgoodprospectsforindustrialization.Inthispaper,usingisooctanol(2-ethylhexylalcohol)andphthalicanhydride(phthalicanhydride)asrawmaterials,DOPissyntheticedwithacatalyst.Respectively,alumina,zincoxide,zincacetate,zincoctoate,stannous,p-toluenesulfonicacidmonomerscatalystandcomplexwitheachothertoacertainpercentageofzincacetate/p-toluenesulfonicacid,stannousoctoate/alumina,alumina/zincoxide,zincoxide/stannousoctoatethecomplexcatalystsynthesisDOP.Studyshowsthataluminaandstannousoctoatecatalystmixedina1:1ratioisthebest.Thereearchofreactionconditionsshowsthattheoptimumconditionisisooctylalcoholandphthalicanhydridemoleratioof3:1,thestannoustin/aluminacomplexcatalystamount,respectively,accountingfor0.2%ofthetotalamountofreactants,thereactiontemperatureof230°C,reactiontime2.5h,therateofesterificationis91.79%.Keywords:Phthalatedioctylphthalate；Catalyst；Reactiontemperature；Alcoholanhydridemoreratio太原科技大学毕业设计（论文）III目录摘要................................................................................................................................................IABSTRACT.................................................................................................................................III第一章绪论.................................................................................................................................11.1邻苯二甲酸二辛酯的简介...............................................................................................11.1.1邻苯二甲酸二辛酯的物性...................................................................................11.1.2邻苯二甲酸二辛酯的用途...................................................................................11.2不同催化剂合成邻苯二甲酸二辛酯...............................................................................21.2.1酸性催化合成邻苯二甲酸二辛酯........................................................................21.2.2钛酸酯催化合成邻苯二甲酸二辛酯....................................................................21.2.3氧化物催化合成邻苯二甲酸二辛酯....................................................................31.2.4锡类化合物催化合成邻苯二甲酸二辛酯............................................................31.2.5铝酸钠催化合成邻苯二甲酸二辛酯....................................................................31.2.6固体酸催化合成邻苯二甲酸二辛酯....................................................................41.2.7杂多酸催化合成邻苯二甲酸二辛酯....................................................................41.2.8酸性树脂催化合成邻苯二甲酸二辛酯................................................................41.2.9离子液体催化合成邻苯二甲酸二辛酯................................................................51.2.10新型复合材料催化合成邻苯二甲酸二辛酯......................................................51.3邻苯二甲酸二辛酯在国民经济中的重要性...................................................................51.4邻苯二甲酸二辛酯的市场需求......................................................................................61.5本课题研究的意义...........................................................................................................6第二章实验部分...........................................................................................................................72.1反应原料...........................................................................................................................72.2实验仪器..........................................................................................................................72.3合成原理...........................................................................................................................82.4反应装置...........................................................................................................................82.5实验步骤...........................................................................................................................82.5.1酯化........................................................................................................................8目录IV2.5.2中和分离................................................................................................................92.5.3精制分馏................................................................................................................92.6检测方法.........................................................................................................................