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英语语音知识,怎样正确发音育龙网日来源:互联网育龙网核心提示:要想说好英语,应该学一点语音知识。下面是笔者总结的有关语音方面的一些基本知识,供你参考。1.关于语音的几个概念1)字母:语言的书要想说好英语,应该学一点语音知识。下面是笔者总结的有关语音方面的一些基本知识,供你参考。1.关于语音的几个概念1)字母:语言的书写形式。元音字母a,e,i,o,u,2)音标:词的语音形式。3)音素:音的最小的单位。英语中有48音素。4)音节:由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。ap’ple,stu’dent,tea’cher,un’der’stand5)元音:发音响亮,是乐音;口腔中气流不收阻碍;是构成音节的主要音。英语中有20元音。6)辅音:发音不响亮,是噪音;口腔中气流受到阻碍;不是构成音节的主要音。英语中有28辅音。7)开音节:a)辅音+元音+辅音+enamebikehomedue;b)辅音+元音he,go,hi8)闭音节:a)辅音+元音+辅音bad,bed,sit,hot,cup;b)元音+辅音it9)重读音节:单词中发音特别响亮的音节。2.元音:1)sea,he,see,piece,ceiling2)sit,build,miss,myth3)bed,desk,head,4)bad,land,bank,stamp5)car,fast,class,plant,calm,aunt6)hot,want7)door,more,sport,ball,warm,author,court,bought,caught8)good,who,blue,soup,9)look,put,women,could10)cup,come,blood,rough11)girl,work,serve,nurse12)cadre,ago,forget,polite,dollar,doctor,famous,Saturday13)cake,they,play,eight,great,14)bike,die,neither,light,try,find,height,eye15)phone,cold,boat,soul,grow16)house,town17)boy,oil18)dear,idea,deer,here,fierce,19)pear,care,there,fair20)tour,poor,3.容易混淆的元音1)bedbad;men,man;pen,pan;lendland2)realrail;greet,great;mean,main;readraid3)betbite;redwrite;saidside,head,hide4)househorse;loudlord;southsauce;nownor;countcorn;cloudclause5)foundfond;gowngone;downdon4.辅音1)pen,2)bed,comb3)tell,4),day,played,wanted5)cold,sky,quick,school,back,accept,box6)big,go,guess,language7)man8)nine,knife,autumn9)bank,uncle,English,sing,10)land,world11)read,write,12)five,cough,laugh13)voice,of14)think,15)this,bathe16)sit,miss,science,case,scarf17)zoo,close,18)sure,she,social,nation19)pleasure,20)hot,who,hour21)wall,what,answer22)yes23)child,teach,catch24)joke,bridge,25)boats26)goods27)tree28)dream5.容易混淆的辅音1)vetwet;vestwest;vinewine;verywell2)sinkthink;sortthought;missmyth;massmath3)closingclothing;breezebreathe;baysbathes4)thinthing;sinsing;banbangwinwing;ranrang6.读音规则1)重读音节2)非重读音节banana,student,today,after,orange,secret,evening,very,Monday7.特殊读音1)音的连读:前面的词以元辅音结尾,后面的单词以元音开头,这样结尾的辅音要和开头的元音连读。例如:notatall,halfanhour,Iloveyouandall.afterall2)失去爆破:辅音爆破音或摩擦音后面跟的是爆破音、破擦音和摩擦等,前面的辅音要失去爆破。例如:goodgirl,goodstudent,goodjob,expression,school,extreme3)音的同化:两个特殊的音碰到一起,会发出变异成特殊的音。例如:Wouldyoudoit?Iamgladtomeetyou.Can’tyouseeit?lastyear,thisyear,8.重音1)单词重音A)双音节词a)一般在第一个音节重读。letter,sorryb)有a-,be-,de-,re-,res-,in-,im-,en-,em-,es-,ex-,con-,com-,dis-,mis-,pre-,per-,pro-,trans-等前缀的词,第二个音节是重音。a’bout,be’lieve,ad’dress,de’cide,re’port,con’demn,res’pect,com’pare,in’form,dis’cuss,im’press,mis’take,en’force,pre’pare,em’ploy,per’mit,es’cape,pro’duce,ex’claim,trans’latec)有de-,in-,re-,con-,pre-等前缀的重音与词义和词类有关,一般名词的重音在第一个音节上,其它的词性在第二个音节上。’record,re’cord;’insult,in’sult;’conduct,con’duct;’presentpre’sent;’content,con’tentd)有些复合词和带有前缀re-,ex-,un-,pre-,post-,等的词,有两个重音。’out’side,’re’tell,’well-’known,’un’real,’fif’teen,’Chi’nese,’pre-’war,’post-’warB)多音节词a)一般倒数第三个音节是重音。’difficult,’communist,’family,e’conomy,oppor’tunity,de’mocracy.b)有一些双音节词,加了前缀和后缀成了多音节,但这些词按原来词根的重音读音。’carefully,in’definite,’comfortable,con’ductor,ac’cording,dis’turbance,’complicated,es’tablishment,c)词尾有-eous,-grahpy,-ial,-ian,-ic,-ics,-ience,ient,-ify,-ion,-ious,-ity,ive后缀的词,重音在这些后缀的前一个音节上。cour’teous,cal’ligraphy,edi’torial,his’torian,peri’odic,mathe’matics,ex’perience,suf’ficient,i’dentify,trans’lation,re’ligious,curi’osity,pro’tectived)词尾有-ain,-ee,-eer,-ese,-ette后缀的词,重音在该后缀上,而且有一个次重音。enter’tain,emplo’yee,mountai’neer,Japa’nese,ciga’rette2)句子重音A)英语的节奏:-轻-重-轻-或重-轻-重B)英语句子的长短:是由句子中的重读词的数目决定的,而不是象汉语那样由句子中的汉字数目决定的。C)实词重读,虚词轻读实词不重读的特殊情况a)实词第二次出现Hethinksofthatasachildthinks.b)一个名词被第二个名词修饰Imetherintherailwaystation.c)代替词Whichbookdoyouwant?Thesmallone.d)感叹词中的what和howWhatagooddayitis!Howbeautifulsheis!e)street在专有名词中WangfujingStreet.f)this在这些短语中,thismorning/afternoon/eveningE)虚词重读的特殊情况a)情态动词,助动词和系动词be在句首,句尾和否定时。Doyoulikeit?Yes,Ido.Areyouadoctor?Yes,Iam.Canyouhelpme?Yes,Ican.Idon’tlikeyou.Heisn’taworker.b)情态动词表示可能,惊奇和肯定时。Theymaycomethisevening.Canitbefivealready?Hemustbeintheroom.c)介词在句首和句尾。Inthebox,hefoundaletter.HeisthepersonItalkedwith.d)引导复合句的连词在句首。Ifyouwish,I’llvisityou.Whenhecomes,I’lltellhim.e)反身代词表示强调。Hecouldn’tcomehimself.
本文标题:英语语音知识
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