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公司徽标IntroductiontoPharmaceuticalEnglish药学专业英语绪论主讲教师:刘敏药学院生物技术药物教研室(11#A519)专业学习毕业工作学习药学英语的重要性教学目的1.掌握一定的药学专业词汇2.培养专业英语的阅读能力3.培养专业英语的写作能力教学安排1.学时分配:32学时2.教学进度:第1周:专业英语绪论第1-8周:专业英语各论学习第8周:综合复习、考试3.考试平时成绩(40%)+闭卷考试(60%)参考书籍及相关网站1.《药学英语》章国斌编著,复旦大学出版社,2007.2.《药学英语》李有贵编著,高等教育出版社,2009.3.《药学英语》胡廷熹编著,人卫出版社,2008.4.《药学英语》课程网站:温州医学院主页/数字资源/教学平台/药学英语5.专业英语的特点1.文体特点2.词汇特点3.语法特点特点:严谨周密,概念准确,逻辑性强,行文简练,重点突出,句式严整,常用前置性陈述句或者被动语态。一、药学专业英语的文体特点举例Peopleusegaschromatography[,krɔmə'tɔgrəfi]inmanydifferentfields.被动语态清晰、准确、精练、严密Gaschromatographyisusedinmanydifferentfields.专业英语的特点1.文体特点2.词汇特点3.语法特点二、专业英语的词汇特点1.医药科技英语词汇主要来自于英语、希腊语、拉丁语及现代英语等。来自英语:codeofconductboardofdirectors直接从希腊语和拉丁语中吸收:thesis(希腊语)formula(拉丁语)利用希腊语和拉丁语的词素(前缀或后缀)构成:hyper-(hypertension)-logy(Pharmacology)2.专业英语词汇的词义单一,具有准确性和严密性的特点。Objective:Extracttotaldissociatedanthraquinonesfromrhubarbsandthenseparateeverysinglecomponentfromthetotaldissociatedanthraquinones,optimizetherhubarbsextractionprocess.anthraquinones[,ænθrəkwi’nəun]蒽醌,rhubarbs[ru:’bɑ:bs]大黄目的:从药材大黄中提取游离蒽醌类化合物并分离其各个组分,优化大黄游离蒽醌化合物的提取工艺。(1)广泛使用表示动作或状态的抽象名词,以及有名词功用的动名词(2)广泛采用名词连用形式(3)复合词(4)缩略词3.专业英语词汇具体特点:thestandardizationoftheproductabsorptionrateconstantlimiteddateofusingadrugafteritsproductiontherapeuticdrugmonitoringrandomscreeningindrugdiscoverymethodofgrouping(1)广泛使用表示动作或状态的抽象名词,动名词(1)广泛使用表示动作或状态的抽象名词,以及有名词功用的动名词(2)广泛采用名词连用形式(3)复合词(4)缩略词3.专业英语词汇具体特点:safetyrangetargetcellsurfacetensionsurfaceactivitymolecularpharmacologymolecularbiologysideeffect(2)广泛采用名词连用形式(1)广泛使用表示动作或状态的抽象名词,以及有名词功用的动名词(2)广泛采用名词连用形式(3)复合词(4)缩略词3.专业英语词汇具体特点:bond-covalentbond-ionicanti-infectivesdouble-blindhabit-formingjoint-venture(3)复合词mother-to-beion-selectiveelectrodeion-exchangeblood-brainbarrier(1)广泛使用表示动作或状态的抽象名词,以及有名词功用的动名词(2)广泛采用名词连用形式(3)复合词(4)缩略词3.专业英语词汇具体特点:OTC(overthecounter)FDA(FoodanddrugAdministration)GMP(goodmanufacturingpractice)GSP(GoodSupplyPractice)GCP(GoodClinicalPractice)GLP(GoodLaboratoryPractice)QSAR(quantitativestructure-activityrelationship)TDM(therapeuticdrugmonitoring)(4)缩略词专业英语的特点1.文体特点2.词汇特点3.语法特点1、大量使用名词化结构2、广泛使用被动语句3、非限定动词4、后置定语5、长句6、常用句型三、专业英语的句法特点(1a)Ifyouexposetheitemforlong,itwillrapidlydeteriorate.(1b)Prolongedexposurewillresultinrapiddeteriorationofitem.一、大量使用名词化结构(1a)Youmustpayattentiontothetemperatureofthereaction.(1b)Attentionmustbepaidtothetemperatureofthereaction.二、广泛使用被动语句Antioxidants,foundinsomevitaminsandminerals,cansnuffoutoxygenfreeradicals,substancesthatarethoughttomakecellsmoresusceptibletocancer.三、非限定动词(非谓语动词)Thesestudiesoftenbeginwithadose-rangingstudy,using1/50to1/100theeffectivedoseinanimalsandincreasinguntilthedesiredeffect,oradverseeffects,areseen.Toencourageclinicalresearchinsupportingthedrugdevelopmentprogramandtoimproveonthequalityofclinicaltrials,thegovernmenthasestablishedfivenationalGCPclinicalresearchcenterswhichareaffiliatedwiththetopmedicaluniversitiesinthecountry.NouniformschemeforPhase4supervisionhasyetbeenestablished,butfewdoubtthenecessityofcollectingthisinformationonlow-frequencyadverseeffects.四、后置定语Oneofthemoststudiedantioxidantsinvegetablesandfruits(whichwere)thoughttoprotectagainstcancerisbeta-carotene,concentratedindeepgreen,yellowandorangevegetablessuchascarrots,sweetpotatoesandspinach.Althoughstereochemistrydoesplayamajorroleindrug’sbiologicaction,factorssuchasthelipid,waterdistributionfunction,thePKvalue,orperhapstherateofhydrolysisormetabolismmaydifferbetweenisomericpairsandaccountfortheobserveddifferencesinpharmacologicactivity.五、长句1)强调句Itiswhenthebodytemperatureisrisingrapidlythataffectedpersonmayfeelchilly.六、常用句型Itwasthefirsttimepeoplerecognizedthatadefinitesicknesscouldresultwhensomethingwasmissingfromthediet.2)被动句Thediseaseiscausedbyavirus.Thebloodflowmaybeincreasedbymorerapidandvigorousheartaction.Ithasbeensuggestedthatearlytreatmentofstreptococcalinfectionswithpenicillinmaypreventnephritis.3)It作形式主语Itisestimatedthatmorethan90antigenicallydifferentstrainsofknowntypesofrespiratoryvirusescausethecommoncoldsyndrome.Itisusuallypossibletocarryoutreactionsontheleadcompounditselfinordertomakeaseriesofanalogs.专业英语的翻译原则及步骤信-忠实达-流畅准-准确理解阶段表达阶段校正阶段表达数量含义的基本词素1.haplo,mono,uni:单,一,独haploid单倍体monoxide一氧化碳monoatomic单原子的2.bi,di,dipl,twi,du:二,双,两,偶bicolor双色dichromatic双色的diplobacillus双杆菌dikaryon双核体3.tri:三,丙triangle三角,trinitroglycerol三硝基甘油tricarboxylicacidcycle三羧酸循环常用前缀、后缀5.anti-:反,抗,阻,排斥antidote解毒药antibody抗体6.aqu-:水aqueous水的aquarium水族馆7.–ate:具有,具有……形状的,盐,酯nucleate具核的chlorate氯酸盐acetate乙酸酯8.auto-:自动automatic自动化的autobiography自传9.bio-:生命,生物biology生物学antibiotic抗生素10.contra-,counter-,contro-:反对,逆,抗contra-rotating反向旋转counteract中和11.de-:除去,离去,非dehydrate脱水deforest砍伐森林12.hemi-:半hemiacetal半缩醛hemiterpene半萜16.hyper-:超过,在上,过多hypertension高血压17.hypo-:在下,次,低hypotension低血压hypochlorite次氯酸盐18.inter-:中间,相互intermolecule分子间的international国际的19.intra-:内,在内,内部intramolecule分子内的20.stereo-:立体stereochemistry立体化学stereoisomer立体异构体21.poly-:多,重,聚polymer聚合物polymorphous多晶型的22.trans-:反式,转换,越过transferase转移酶transmit传送23.ultra-:超,过,越ultraviolet紫外线的ultrason
本文标题:药学英语01Introduction2014.
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