语法专题四形容词副词(4)

第四讲形容词和副词一．真题自测【2013福建】25.TheForbiddenCityattractsa_______streamofvisitorseveryday,especiallyduringnationalholidays.A.constantB.mainC.powerfulD.shallow【2013福建】31.Thosepoorandneedyteenagerswereexcitedtofindashopatthecornerwheretheycouldbuy_______pricedbike.A.competitivelyB.recentlyC.reasonablyD.affordably【2013福建】35.Asocietycannotbesuccessfulifitthrowstraditionaway,butitcannotbesuccessful______ifwedosomethingtostopprogress.A.eitherB.neitherC.tooD.also【2013湖北】27.Peoplecomplainthatdecisionstoapproveordenyapermitareoften______ratherthanbasedonfixedcriteria.A.appropriateB.consciousC.arbitraryD.controversial【2013湖北】28.Hedidn’tselfishlykeepforhimselfthemoneyinheritedfromhisuncle.Instead,hemadea______contributiontohelpthecommunity.A.commercialB.generousC.comparableD.profitable【2013湖北】29.Don’tdefendhimanymore.It’sobviousthathe______destroyedthefenceofthegardenevenwithoutapology.A.accidentallyB.carelesslyC.deliberatelyD.clumsily【2013江西】24.Whataterribleexperience!________,you’resafenow------that’sthemainthing.A.AnywayB.BesidesC.OtherwiseD.Therefore【2013江西】26.Thereareasmallnumberofpeopleinvolved,possibly______twenty.A.asfewasB.aslittleasC.asmanyasD.asmuchas【2013辽宁】27.Everythingseemedtobegoing______forthefirsttwodaysafterImovedtoNewYork.A.vividlyB.generallyC.frequentlyD.smoothly【2013辽宁】33.Thisisbyfar______moviethatIhaveeverseen.A.aninspiringB.amuchinspiringC.themostinspiringD.themoreinspiring【2013天津】3.IthinkwatchingTVeveryeveningisawasteoftime----therearemeaningfulthingstodo.A.lessB.moreC.theleastD.themost【2013新课标II卷】9.Itmaynotbeagreatsuggestion.Butbefore______isputforward,we’llmakedowithit.A.agoodoneB.abetteroneC.thebestoneD.abestone【2013新课标I卷】25.Tonycanhardlyboilanegg，stillcookdinner.A.lessB.littleC.muchD.more【2013浙江】2.Maryworkedhereasa____secretaryandendedupgettingafull-timejobwiththecompany.二．考点讲义一、概念形容词是用来修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质状态或特征的词。副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或其他结构的词。二、用法形容词在句中可以充当定语修饰名词、代词，也可作表语表示主语的状态和特征，也可作补语和状语。副词在句中作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语、从句等，也可修饰整个句子。Whataninterestingrolesheplayedinthefilm!NowondershehaswonanOscar.Hisdaughterisshyinpublicandsheneverdarestomakeaspeechtothepublic.Youdon'thavetobeangrywithhim.Hemerelywantedtoknowthetruth.Onlywhenthewarwasoverdidtheyoungsoldierreturntohishometown.虽然形容词、副词的用法繁多，但是高考单选中对他们的考查也是有章可循的，主要体现在以下几个方面。1．形容词和副词在具体语境中的运用试题中提供的四个选项均属于形式相同、意义相异的形容词或副词，做题时必须根据语境，即根据上下文的意思或逻辑等来确定选项。SinceTomaccidentallydownloadedavirusintohiscomputer,hecannotopenthefilenow.Itisnotsociallyacceptableforparentstoleavechildrenunattendedatthatage.Watercanabsorbandgiveoffalotofheatwithoutbigchangesintemperature,thuscreatingastableenvironment.2．形容词和副词与其他词的搭配英语中有些形容词和副词与名词、动词，或另一形容词等的搭配与汉语不完全一样，在平时学习中通过运用把它们掌握好。如“大”雨、“浓”雾中的“大、浓”，英语中用heavy；汉语中说人数“多”，英语中却用large；汉语中说睡得“香”，英语中却说soundly等。Wedecidednottoclimbthemountainsbecauseitwasrainingheavily.Thenumberofpeoplepresentattheconcertwasmuchsmallerthanexpected.Thiskindofmusiciswellworthlisteningto.3.形容词、副词比较等的用法同级比较用“as＋原级＋as”，两者比较用“比较级＋than”，三者或以上比较用“最高级＋in(of)”。Speakingofallthesongshehaswritten,Ithinkthisisprobablyhisbest－knownone.Alanisacarefuldriver,buthedrivestheleastcarefullyofmyfriends.LittleMaryplaysthepianoasbeautifullyashersister.注意：与比较等级有关的还有几个特殊用法需要引起我们的注意。(1)“the＋比较级……，the＋比较级……”表示“越……，越……”之意，前面的句子相当于条件状语从句，一般不用将来时。Themoreyouuseadictionary,themoreusefulyouwillfindittoyou.Thehigheryouclimbthemountain,thelessairyoucanbreathe.(2)“the＋比较级＋ofthe(两者)”表示“两者中比较……的”之意。Whichisthebetterofthetwobooks?Theyoungerofthebrothersismuchclever.(3)“a＋最高级”不表示“最……”，而表示“非常”。Thisisamostdifficultlessoninthisbook.Sheisamostmysteriousperson.4．形容词和副词比较级和最高级的修饰语修饰比较级可用far,even,still,alot,lots,agreatdeal,abit,rather,threetimes,any,no,verymuch等，修饰最高级可用(by)far,much,nearly,almost,notquite,bynomeans,very,second,next等。—Areyougoingtothecinemathisevening?—No,theticketisfartooexpensiveforus.Thenumberofpeopleattheconcertismuchsmallerthanexpected.Canadaisthesecondlargestcountryintheworld.5．形容词和副词辨析英语中有些形容词和副词意思相同或相近，有时词形相近，但用法有区别，这些词也是单选的重点。形容词：calm,quiet,still,silent,common,usual,regular,ordinary,likely,probable,possible副词：fast,quickly,rapidly,very,far,quite,rather,hardly,mostly,almost,nearlyTheywillgofishingbecausetheseaiscalm.Thestudentswerequietwhentheteachercameintotheclassroom.WhenIaskedherwhereshehadputthedictionary,shekeptsilent.PleasestaystillwhenItakeaphotoofyou.6．多个形容词的排列顺序一个名词有多个形容词修饰时其排列顺序通常为：描绘形容词→大小(长短高低)形容词→形状形容词→年龄(新旧)形容词→颜色形容词→国籍形容词→材料形容词→用途(类别)形容词→名词(动名词)。Thechilddreamedthathehadoncelivedinaprettylittlewoodenhouseintheforest.ItissaidthattenstrongyoungChinesestudentsarerequiredtotakepartintheboatrace.7．something,anything等不定代词的修饰语形容词用来修饰some,any,every和no构成的复合不定代词时要后置。Thereisnothinginterestingintoday'snewspaper.Imusthavemycarrepairedbecausethereissomethingwrongwithit.8．以a开头的形容词afraid,asleep,awake,alive,aware,alike,ashamed等形容词通常在句中作表语和补语。Areyouawarethatyouaresittingonmyhat?Thewitchputtheprincessunderaspell,andshefellasleepfortenyears.Whenthemotherwentintotheroom,shefoundthebabyawake.9.副词enough的位置enough修饰形容词和副词时要后置。Heisoldenoughtosupporthimself.Sorry.Youdidn'tsayitclearlyenough.10．有－ly与无－ly的副词有些