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1第三部分语法知识第一单元时态、语态、情态动词【单元主要内容及目标】本单元主要复习时态、语态及情态动词。通过本单元学习和训练,熟悉并掌握相关的语法知识点。【讲授】要点1时态典型试题解析1.I_______ping-pongquitewell,butIhaven’thadtimetoplaysincethenewyear.A.willplayB.haveplayedC.playedD.play2.WhenLilycamehomeat5p.m.yesterday,hermother_________dinnerinthekitchen.A.cookedB.wascookingC.cooksD.hascooked3.John’sfather_________mathematicsinthisschooleversincehegraduatedfromHarvardUniversity.A.taughtB.teachesC.hastaughtD.isteaching4.She____toBeijing.Shewillbebacksoon.A.wentB.hasbeenC.goesD.hasgone5.Iwasgivingatalktoalargegroupofpeople,thesametalkI_________tohalfadozenothergroupsbefore.A.wasgivingB.amgivingC.hadgivenD.havegiven6.Itisthethirdtime_______latethismonth.A.thatyouhavecometoworkB.whenyouhavecometoworkC.thatyoucametoworkD.whenyoucametowork7.—Nancywasbadlyinjuredintheaccidentyesterdayandshewassenttohospital.—Oh,really?I_________.I_________visither.A.didn’tknow;willgotoB.don’tknow;willgotoC.didn’tknow;amgoingtoD.haven’tknown;amgoingto8.Iwon’tbeabletoattendthemeetingtonightbecause__.A.ImustteachaclassB.IteachaclassC.IwillbeteachingaclassD.Iwillhavebeenteachingaclass9.Iamnotinchargeofthisclass;I_____Mr.Smith’sclassinsteadforheisillthesedays.A.justtakeB.havejusttakenC.amjusttakingD.willjusttake10.Hehisjobbythetimeyoucome.A.hadbeendoingB.wasdoing2C.willhavedoneD.hasdone答案:T:现在就时态的一些典型试题作讲解。先看第1题:我乒乓打得相当好,但自元旦以来我没有时间打乒乓。S:本题用了since一词,是否该用选项B(haveplayed)?T:不能用选项B。因为“我乒乓打得相当好”是表明主语的特征及能力,要用一般现在时,正确选项是D(play)。请看第2题,本题的时间状语是at5p.m.yesterday。S:要是强调过去某时正在进行的动作,是否该用过去进行时?T:当然应该用过去进行时。因此,第2题选B(wascooking)。接着看第3题。注意本题由since引导状语从句,意为“自……以来”。S:那该用现在完成时才对(hastaught)。T:是的。再看第4题:Shewillbebacksoon,暗示她不在说话地点,去了北京,因而正确选项是D(hasgone)。S:为何不用hasbeen?T:hasbeen只能用来表示经历“去过北京”,这与句子所要表达的意思不符。请看第5题。S:我不太明白这句话的意思,能否翻译一下?T:本题大意是:当时我正在和一大群人讲话,同样的内容我已讲过六、七次了。S:表示“过去的过去”,该用过去完成时,选C(hadgiven)。T:完全正确。接着看第6题。S:本题用了“Itis+第几次+that…”的结构,这是要用现在完成时的典型结构,正确选项应该是A。T:确实如此。现在看第7题。Oh,really?“噢,真的吗?”,暗示:说话人原来不知道Nancy受了伤,被送往医院这件事,因而要选A。S:为何不选C,I’mgoingtovisither。T:这是因为说话者用will来表示某种“意图”。再看第8题:我不能参加今晚的会议,因为要上课。S:因为将来某时要上课而不能参加会议,那应该用将来进行时,选C(Iwillbeteachingaclass)。T:是的。请看第9题。句中thesedays“这几天,眼下”,强调是目前一阶段正在进行的动作。S:那该用选项C(IamjusttakingMr.Smith’sclass)。T:完全正确。请看第10题。S:bythetimeyoucome是什么意思?T:意思是:到你来的时候。英语中,如用by表示将来时间,要用将来完成时。要点2语态典型试题解析1.Howlongdoyouthinkthemeeting?A.lastsB.willlastC.islastedD.islasting2.Everypossiblemeans_______topreventairpollution,buttheskyisstillnotclear.A.wasusedB.areusedC.hasbeenusedD.havebeenused3.Thenewsuspensionbridge________bytheendoflastmonth.3A.hasbeendesignedB.hadbeendesignedC.wasdesignedD.wouldbedesigned4.Rainforests______andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture.A.cutB.arebeencutC.arebeingcutD.hadbeencut5.Everyyearthousandsoflives_________inroadaccidentsbecauseofcarelessdriving.A.loseB.lostC.havelostD.arelost6.—Takethismedicinetwiceaday,Peter?—DoIhavetotakeit?It_________soterrible.A.istastingB.istastedC.tastesD.hastasted7.Itwhethershewillcontinueherworkinthehospital.A.hasn’tbeendecidedB.isn’tdecidingC.doesn’tdecideD.hasn’tdecide8.–WhathappenedtoJohnlastnight?--He______allhismoney.A.hadrobbedB.wasrobbedC.hadrobbedofD.wasrobbedof9.—Isthelibrary_________now?—No,it’s_________.A.open;closeB.opening;closingC.open;closedD.opened;closed10.LittleTommycametorealizethathe________.A.wasmakingfunofB.wasmadefunC.wasbeingmadefunofD.wasbeingmadefun答案:T:请看第1题。在本题中,last用作动词,不能用于被动结构。正确选项是B(willlast)。接着看第2题:已采用了一切可能的手段来预防污染。S:本题该用现在完成时态的被动结构,选D。T:错了。means作“手段”解,单复数同形,但因前面有every作修饰语,means在句中用作单数,因而正确选项是C(hasbeenused)。请看第3题。S:句中由bytheendoflastmonth作状语,表示过去时间,是否该用过去完成时。T:确实该用过去完成时的被动结构。正确选项是B(hadbeendesigned)。请看第4题:雨林正在以这样一种速度被砍伐和烧毁,在不远的将来就会从地球上消失。S:表示“正在被”,那该用现在进行时的被动结构,选C(arebeingcut)。T:正确。接着看第5题:每年有成千上万的人在公路的意外事故中丧命。S:句子的主语是thousandsoflives,那该用被动语态。T:是的,本题正确选项是D(arelost)。再看第6题。taste在句中用作系动词,意为“尝起来”。S:taste在此的用法是否与look(看起来),sound(听起来)用法相同,后面接形容词,而且不能用被动结构?T:是的,它们用法相同。正确选项是C(tastes)。请看第7题。句中it用作形式主语。表示“还未决定”,要用被动结构。S:在4个选项中,只有A是被动结构。T:本题选A,没错。请看第8题:他的钱包被抢了。4S:表示被动,选B。T:错了。rob这个词的用法是:robsb.ofsth。用作被动语态时,千万不能遗漏了介词of。正确选项是D(wasrobbedof)。请看第9题。S:该题选A,对吗?T:不对。open用作形容词,可作“开着”解,但表示“关着、关闭的”则要用closed,不用close,因而要用选项C。请看第10题。makefunof是个词组,意为“取笑”。S:那构成被动语态的话,应该用选项C(wasbeingmadefunof)。T:是的,千万不能遗漏了介词of。要点3情态动词典型试题解析1.—MustIgotheretonight?—No,you________.A.mustn’tB.don’thavetoC.shouldn’tD.oughtn’tto2.Theyoungladycomingovertous_________ourEnglishteacher;thewayshewalkstellsusthat!A.mustbeB.canbeC.wouldbeD.couldbe3.Whentherailwayiscompleted,we_________gettotownmucheasily.A.mustB.wouldC.areabletoD.willbeableto4.You_________buysomereferencebookswhenyougotocollege.A.couldB.willhavetoC.musttoD.might5.Hedidn’tpassthefinalexamination.He_________it.A.musthavepreparedforB.oughttoprepareforC.oughttohavepreparedforD.oughttopreparefor6.Mywalletisnowheretobefound.I_________inthestore.A.mustdropitB.musthavedroppeditC.shouldhavedroppeditD.oughttohavedroppedit7.Mr.Greenliveinthecountrythaninthecity.A.hadbetterB.wouldlikeC.wouldratherD.wouldbetter8.You_______readthebookifyoudon’twantto.A.needn’ttoB.don’tneedC.don’tneedtoD.need9.It’sgettingdark.You’dbet
本文标题:语法知识题与答案
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