课堂讲义大学英语四六级考试写作应试策略

大学英语四六级考试写作应试策略概述大纲要求评分标准本教程的适应对象—有强烈的过关愿望—有一定的英语基础—多写、多练、多背目标：12∕15分大纲要求一般要求：能用常见的应用文体完成一般的写作任务，能描述个人经历、事件、观感、情感等，能就一般性话题或提纲在半小时内写出120词的短文，内容基本完整、用词恰当，语篇连贯。能在一般或应用写作中使用恰当的写作技能。较高要求：能写日常应用文，能写自己专业论文的英语摘要，能借助参考资料写出与专业相关、结构基本清晰、内容较为丰富的报告和论文，能描写各种图表，能就一定的话题在半小时内写出160词的短文，内容完整，条理清楚，文理通顺。更高要求：能就一般性主题比较自如地表达个人的观点，做到文章结构清晰、内容丰富、逻辑性强。能用英语撰写所学专业的技术报告、论文。能在半小时内写出200词的说明文或议论文，内容完整，文理通顺，思想表达清晰。评分标准-12分：调理不清，思路紊乱¡¦¡¦有严重错误5分：基本切题，表达思想不够清楚，连贯性差，有较多的严重语法错误8分：基本切题，有些地方思想表达不够清楚，语言勉强连贯，有少量语法错误11分：切题，表达思想清楚，文章连贯，有少量语法错误14分：切题，表达思想清楚，文章通顺，基本上没有语法错误评分标准–2字数90-99：扣1分字数80-89：扣2分字数70-79：扣3分字数60-69：扣4分字数50-59：扣5分评分标准–3总体评分原则：就总的印象给出奖励分，而不是按照语言点的错误数目扣分综合评判原则：切题，是否清楚表达思想，是否用英语表达思想避免超中原则：¡¦¡¦我们的问题不会用英语表达自己的想法写出来的英语不地道写作模板太多，记不住应试对策-1160～180个单词整洁审题选择适当框架；填空检查应试对策-2内容不跑题即可结构上牢记总分总：先写主题句（TopicSentence),最后写总结句（Conclusion）语言最重要，往往使评分产生重大差异，语言要模仿和包装基本过程基本表达人们认为：itisgenerally/widelybelieved/held/agreedthat越来越：beincreasingly+adj.,beontherise,thegrowingnumberof万能理由方便：convenient/convenience效率：efficient/efficiently/efficiency节省和浪费：savetime/money/space;economical,thriftwastetime/money/space;costly,lavish人的心理健康：independent,cooperative,competitive,considerate,confident,creative,sociable,perseverance;selfish,isolated,conservative人的身体健康：health,disease,strong,strength,energetic娱乐：colorful,pleasure,joy,recreation,entertainment,relax,tired,boring,lonely环境：environment,pollute,poisonous,dirty安全和危险：safe,danger,risk经验：experience,socialexperience,enterthesociety人际：humane，fair,unfair,help,assist,freedom,freely结尾万能公式一：结论Obviously（此为过渡短语）,wecandrawtheconclusionthatgoodmannersarisefrompolitenessandrespectforothers.tosumup,inconclusion,inbrief,onaccountofthis,thusThus,itcanbeconcludedthat¡¦,Therefore,wecanfindthat¡¦结尾万能公式二：建议obviously,itishightimethatwetooksomemeasurestosolvetheproblem.Accordingly,Irecommendthatsomemeasuresbetaken.Consequently,tosometheproblem,somemeasuresshouldbetaken.检查：不要犯低级错误字母大小写不标准的符号单词拼写主谓一致动词时态名称复数应试对策-3长短句交叉主动变被动主题句原则一二三原则用词是否恰当，准确，形象，尽量使用能够吸引阅卷老师眼球的闪光词关键词是否换用，切勿老用重复词短语优先原则多变句式原则长短句交叉Asacreature,Ieat;asaman,Iread.Althoughoneactionistomeettheprimaryneedofmybodyandtheotheristosatisfytheintellectualneedofmind,theyareinawayquitesimilar.主动变被动适当用被动代替主动，这样能更客观的反应事实句子开头不要总是用we/I-¡¦weshouldpayattentionto¡¦/Attentionshouldbepaidto¡¦-¡¦Itis,therefore,hightimethatsomeapplicableapproacheswereimplementedbytheserviceindustrylikethat.Thus,itscompetitiveedgewillbesharpenedeffectively.主题句原则隐藏主题句是不明智的一二三原则1)first,second,third,last(不推荐，原因：俗）2)firstly,secondly,thirdly,finally(不推荐，原因：俗）3)thefirst,thesecond,thethird,thelast(不推荐，原因：俗）4)inthefirstplace,inthesecondplace,inthethirdplace,lastly(不推荐，原因：俗）5)tobeginwith,then,furthermore,finally（推荐）6)tostartwith,next,inaddition,finally（推荐）7)firstandforemost,besides,lastbutnotleast（强烈推荐）8)mostimportantofall,moreover,finally（强烈推荐）9)ontheonehand,ontheotherhand（适用于两点的情况）10)foronething,foranotherthing（适用于两点的情况）用词：善于使用插入语–1常见的形容词（词组），副词作插入语的有：sureenough（果然）;strange;worsestill（更糟糕的是）;mostimportant（最重要的是）;honestly;obviously;however;otherwise;luckily;unfortunately;besides;first;second;especially;surprisingly等例如：-Worsestill,thelioncouldevencarryoffthebabyinitsmouth.-Wemustdotheexperimentcarefully;otherwiseyou¡¯llgetanotherresult.-Honestly,Idon¡¯tneeditatthemoment.-Helikesthecountry,especiallyinspring.用词：善于使用插入语–2常见的不定式有：totellthetruth;tobeshort（简单地）;tobeginwith（首先）;tobesure（自然、当然、果然）;tobehonest/frank;tomakethingsworse;tomakealongstoryshort;tospeakof（值得一提的是）;tobefair,tosumup（概括地说）等。这些插入语表示说话人的态度，在句子中作独立成份。-Totellthetruth,thisisallGreektome.用词：善于使用插入语–3常见的现在分词短语有：generallyspeaking;franklyspeaking;judgingfrom/by;talkingof（谈到）;considering（考虑到，因为是）;puttingitmildly（说得客气一点）等。这些分词用来修饰全句。-Judgingfromappearance,heseemstobeastrongman.用词：善于使用插入语–4常见的介词短语有：infact;inaddition;inaword;ontheotherhand;inotherwords;inone¡¯sopinion;inthatcase;bytheway;ofcourse;asarule（通常）;toone¡¯ssurprise;forexample;onthecontrary（相反）;inaway（在某点上，在某种程度上）;foronething;foranother(thing)等。-Inaway,Ithinkwebothwoninthegame.用词：善于使用插入语–5常见的从句有：ifyoudon¡¯tmind;ifyoulike;ifyouplease;ifnecessary;ifany;ifImaysayso;ifconvenient;asithappens等。-Youcan,ifyouplease,cometojoinusinthegame.用词：善于使用插入语–6常见的固定短语：asaresult;thatis(tosay);what¡¯smore;asabove;allinall(总之)，等。-Allinall,theyhavehadawonderfultimetoday.用词：学会换词考试中一般不要出现good,bad,many,thing,think,people,opinion等applicable代替proper,approaches代替ways,implement代替carryout,sharpenone¡¯scompetitiveedge代替enhanceone¡¯scompetitivenessCOMPUTERANDIIneverforgettheexceedingly(very)thrilling(exciting)daywhenmymotherboughtmeacomputerasbirthdaypresent,whichexertedatremendousfascinationonme(beinterestedinsth.)sothatIindulgedmyselfingoogling(search)anarmyof(alotof)usefulinformationIhadexpected¡¦Thedawnofthenewcenturywitnessedtheincreasingpopularityof(moreandmorepopular)computers.Coincidentwith(with)theadvancement(development)ofscienceandtechnology,computerspouringinto(enterinto)thecurrent(now)societyasafashionareappealingto(beinterestedinsth.)growingindividuals(morean