高一英语必修二Unit2词汇讲解

Unit2TheOlympicGamesancientadj.(1)古代的inancienttimes在古代(2)古老的；年代久远的eg:Weweredeeplyattractedbytheancientbuildings.我们被这古老的建筑物深深吸引了competevi.(1)竞争，对抗competewith与……竞争competefor竞争以获得……competewith/againstsb.forsth.为得到某物与某人竞争competein(agame,amatch)参加；在……方面竞争beincompetitionwithsb.和某人竞争competitionn.比赛；竞争competitorn.比赛者;竞争者competitiveadj.竞争的;有竞争力的1.Hebelievedthatnobodycouldcompetewithhim.他相信没有人能跟他竞争2.Morethan1000competitorstookpartinthecompetitiontocompeteforthefirstprize.1000多参赛者参加了这次比赛为了竞争第一名。3.WangJunxiahascompetedintwoOlympics.王军霞已经参加了两届奥运会takepartintakepartin参加有组织的群众活动joinin参加正在进行的活动或游戏joinsb.in(doing)sth.与某人一起做某事join参加某一团体或组织，成为其中一员jointheparty/army/clubattend相当于bepresentat,出席，参加后+meeting,wedding,lecture(讲座),class,ceremory（典礼）medal奖牌/章agold/silver/bronzemedaleg:It’scertainthathewillwinasilvermedalforracing.毫无疑问的是他将获得赛跑比赛的银牌。standfor•(1)代表，象征•thelettersUSA~~theUnitedStatesofAmerica.•(2)容忍，忍受(用于否定句)•I'mnotstandingforitanylonger.（不再。。）•(3)支持，主张•Whichprincipledoyoustandfor?•stand(doing)sth.忍受（做）某事•standby袖手旁观，站在一边•standout显眼，引人注目•standonone'sownfeet自立volunteer(1)n.义务工作者，志愿者eg:Arethereanyvolunteersfortheevent?有任何参加这次事件的志愿者吗(2)v.自愿做；义务做；无偿做搭配：volunteertodosth自愿做某事eg:Hevolunteeredtoorganizethismeeting.他义务组织这次会议regularadj.规则的；有规律的；定时的regularmeetings/visitsRegularexercisescandouslotsofgood.有规律的锻炼对我们有好处n.常客，老主顾eg:Heisoneofmyregulars.•basis[C]pl.bases•语法[单]~sis/sis/→[复]~ses/si:z/•crisis→crises危机•analysis→analysesbasisn.(1)原因，缘由eg:Shewaschosenforthejobonthebasisofherqualificationsandideas.她获得了这份工作是因为她拥有相应的资质及创意。(2)基准；准则；方式onaregularbasis例行的，有规律的(3)基础；要素；基点eg:Thebasisofagoodmarriageistrust.一段好的婚姻是建立在信任的基础之上。makingaseriousmistake.hertoplayhistoy.hismistake.1)beadmittedas“作为…被接受”to/into“让…进入”(school…)2)“承认,供认;允许”admitdoingsth.承认做某事admitsb.todosth.允许某人做某事admitsth.承认某事Headmitted5.admitadmit•eg.Hewas~tedintoTsinghuaUniversity.•他成为清华大学一名学生。•Shewas~tedasamemberofthatclub.•她成为那个俱乐部的一员。aswell也又还aswell肯定句，句末，前无逗号Heplaysthepianoaswell.also肯定句，位置句中Healsoplaysthepiano.too肯定句，句末，前有逗号Heplaysthepiano,too.either否定句，句末Hedoesn'tplaythepianoeither.•1.aswell放在句尾=too•2.notonly..butalso•==notonly….but…aswell•Heisnotonlyanathletebutalsoasinger.•Notonlyisheanathletebutasingeraswell.•3.HedesignedaswellasLily.和..一样好•4.HeaswellasIisateacher.和。。。•连接两个主语时，其谓语动词的形式应根据前一个主语确定。此外，还有togetherwith,alongwith,besides,but,except,including,ratherthan等也属此种情况。•用作介词。此时，相当于besides，意为“除……之外”，后常接名词、动名词。如：•Aswellaseatingfivedishes,theydrankthreebottlesofwine.除了五道菜外，他们还喝了三瓶酒。•Aswellasvisitingtheoldman,hehelpedtocleantheroom.除看望老人外，他还帮助打扫房间。host(1)vt.做东，主办eg:Heiswillingtohostthevisitors.(2)n.主人，东道主eg:Heactedashosttohisfather’sfriends.他充当主任招待了他父亲的朋友responsibilityn.(1)责任，负责搭配：responsibilityfor(doing)sth/todosth（做）……责任；对……负责takeresponsibilityfor(doing)sth对……负责任takeontheresponsibility承担责任eg:Theyhaveresponsibilityforensuringthattherulesareenforced.他们需对确保规则的实施付责任。(2)(u.)职责；义务；任务responsibilitytosb对某人负责responsibilitytodosth做某事的责任asenseofresponsibility责任感eg:Shefeelsastrongsenseofresponsibilitytohelpthesecountries.她对帮助其他国家有着强烈的责任感。responsibleadj.有责任的，有义务的；可信赖的replacevt.(1)代替，取代搭配：replacesth/sb取代某物/某人replacesth/sbwith/by以……代替某物/某人eg:Replacesodaswithwater.用水取代苏打水。(2)替换eg:Ifhecan’tmanagehe’llhavetobereplaced.如果他不能处理好，那么他就会被别人取代。replacesb/sth=taketheplaceofsb/sth=takesb’s/sth’splace取代，替代swiftadj.快的；迅速的•fast“快”,一般指动作迅速；•quick“迅速地,快地”,普通用语,强调行动的敏捷；•swift“飞快、灵敏的”,含有平稳、马上、优美的意思；•rapid“快的,陡的”,一般用来形容流水或山势.charge(1)vt.收费，要价chargesb/sthforsth因……而向某人收费chargesbsthforsth因……而向某人收……费eg:Whatdidtheychargefortherepairs?(2)vt.指控，控告；起诉；指责chargesbwithsth指控某人某事chargesbwithdoingsth指控某人做了事eg:Hewaschargedwithmurder.他因谋杀而被起诉。(3)n.要价，收费chargeforsth……的收费freeofcharge免费eg:Delivery（交付、递送）isfreeofcharge.(4)n.主管，掌管，责任takechargeof负责，掌管inchargeof主管，掌管inthechargeof被掌管eg:Hetookchargeofthefarmafterhisfather’sdeath.fine(1)vt.罚款，处某人以罚金finesbforsth因……而罚某人的款eg:Hewasfinedforspeeding（超速）.(2)n.罚金，罚款eg:Shehasalreadypaidover﹩2000infine.(3)adj.可接受的，满意的eg:I’llleavethishere,ok?Fine.advertisevt.为……做广告；登广告advertisesth登广告宣传某物advertiseforsb/sth为征求……登广告eg:TheyadvertisetheirnewproductonTV.Thecompanyisadvertisingfortypists（打字员）inthenewspapers.advertisement=ad广告advertisingn.广告，广告业bargain(1)v.讨价还价，商讨条件bargainwithsbover/about/forsth就某物与某人讨价还价eg:Hewasbargainingwiththeshopownerovertheprice.(2)n.便宜货eg:Thecarwasabargainatthatprice.(3)n.协议；交易makeabargainwithsbaboutsth与某人就某事/物达成协议painn.(1)疼，痛，痛苦eg:Shewasclearlyinalotofpain.很明显她受了很多痛苦(2)痛苦；苦恼；烦恼eg:Inevermeanttocauseherpain.我从没故意想要对她造成痛苦。(3)（c.）讨厌的人（或事）；令人头疼的人（或事）eg:It’sapainhavingtogoallthatwayforjustonemeeting.仅仅就因为一个会议就老是要这样离开很让人头疼。oneafteranother一个接一个地；依次地eg:Strangethingshappenedoneafteranother.奇怪的事一件接一件地发生。deservev.（不用于进行时态）值得，应得，应受eg:Youdeservearestafterallthathardwork.辛苦劳累那么久，你该休息一下了。WhathaveIdonetodeservethis?我做了什么何以致此？我为什么命该如此？•注意：deserve后接doing或动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，等于接不定式的被动语态。有此用法的词还有need,want,require等。eg:Theydeservedrewarding.=Theydeservedtoberewarded.TheTVneedsmending.=TheTVneedstobemended.