计算机专业英语题库-自考本科

完型填空:Manymodernoperatingsystemsconsiderfiles1acollectionofbytes.Atahigherlevel,wherethecontentofthefileisbeing2,these3digitsmayrepresentintegervaluesortextcharacters,oranythingelse.Itis4totheprogramusingthefiletounderstandthemeaningandinternallayoutofinformationinthefileandpresentittoauseras5meaningfulinformation(liketext,images,sounds).Atanyinstant6time,afilemighthaveasize,normallyexpressedinbytes,thatindicateshowmuchstorageis7withthefile.Inmostmodern8systemsthesizecanbeanywholenumberuptoasystemlimit.However,thegeneral9ofafiledoesnotrequirethatitsinstantsizehasanyrealmeaning,unlessthedatawithinthefilehappensto10todatawithinapoolofpersistentstorage.GivenWords:moreasassociatedlenghtconsideredoperatingbinarycorrespondupindefinitionmove1.as2.considered3.binary4.up5.more6.in7.associated8.operating9.definition10correspond每个阅读理解的下方都有答案大家主要看答案问的什么答案选哪个就行，到时有个印象能选出来就行！阅读理解AmicrocomputerisadesktopornotebooksizecomputingdevicethatusesamicroprocessorasitsCentralProcessingUnit,orCPU.MicrocomputersarealsocalledPersonalComputers(PCs),homecomputers,smallbusinesscomputers,andmicros.Thesmallest,mostcompactarecalledlaptops.Whentheyfirstappeared,theywereconsideredsingleuserdevices,andtheywerecapableofhandlingonlyfour,eight,or16bitsofinformationatonetime.Morerecentlythedistinctionbetweenmicrocomputersandlarge,mainframecomputers(aswellasthesmallermainframetypesystemscalledminicomputers)hasbecomeblurred,asnewermicrocomputermodelshaveincreasedthespeedanddatahandlingcapabilitiesoftheirCPUsintothe32bit,oreven64bitmultiuserrange.Microcomputersaredesignedforuseinhomes,schools,andofficesettings.Withinthehome,theycanservebothasatoolforhomemanagement(balancingthefamilycheckbook,structuringthefamilybudget,indexingrecipes)andasarecreationaldevice(playingcomputergames,catalogingrecordsandbooks)Schoolchildrencanusemicrocomputersfordoingtheirhomework,andinfactmanypublicschoolsnowemploythedevicesforprogrammedlearningandcomputerliteracycourses.Smallbusinessesmaypurchasemicrocomputersforwordprocessing,bookkeeping,andthestorageandhandlingofmailinglists.Aminicomputerisamid-levelcomputerbuilttoperformcomplexcomputationswhiledealingefficientlywithahighlevelofinputandoutputfromusersconnectedviaterminals.Minicomputersalsofrequentlyconnecttootherminicomputersonanetworkanddistributeprocessingamongalltheattachedmachines.Minicomputersareusedheavilyintransactionprocessingapplicationsandasinterfacesbetweenmainframecomputersystemsandwideareanetworks.Amainframecomputerisahighlevelcomputerdesignedforthemostintensivecomputationaltasks.Mainframecomputersareoftensharedbymultipleusersconnectedtothecomputerviaterminals.Themostpowerfulmainframes,calledsupercomputers,performhighlycomplexandappliedresearchbyscientists,largebusinesses,andthemilitary.Incomputerscience,supercomputersarelarge,extremelyfast,andexpensivecomputersusedforcomplexorsophisticatedcalculations,typically,machinescapableofpipelininginstructionexecutionandprovidingvectorinstructions.Asupercomputercan,forexample,performtheenormousnumberofcalculationsrequiredtodrawandanimateamovingspaceshipinamotionpicture.Supercomputersarealsousedforweatherforecasting,largescalescientificmodeling,andoilexploration.1.Wecanseefromthetextthatacomputercan_______.()A.onlybeusedasacalculatingdeviceB.notbeusedinthehomeC.findusesalmosteverywhereD.notbemadeverysmall2.Howmanytypesofregularcomputersareintroducedinthistext?()A.1B.2C.3D.43.Whichofthefollowingisthesmallest?()A.Alaptop.B.Adesktop.C.Aminicomputer.D.Asupercomputer.4.Whichofthefollowingisnottrue?()A.Pupilscanusecomputerstodotheirhomework.B.ACPUcannotbeamicroprocessor.C.Thedistinctionbetweenmicrosandmainframeshasbecomeblurred.D.APCcanbealaptoporadesktop.5.Wecaninferthat_______.()A.therewillbenodistinctionbetweenmicrosandmainframesinthefutureB.itisunimaginabletodoresearchnowadayswithoutthehelpofacomputerC.thefifthgenerationcomputerwillbeproducedwithin2yearsD.electroniccomputerswillsoonbeoutofdataCDABBComputerprograms,whicharealsocalledsoftware,areinstructionsthatcausethehardware—themachine—todowork.Softwareasawholecanbedividedintoanumberofcategoriesbasedonthetypesofworkdonebyprograms.Thetwoprimarysoftwarecategoriesareoperatingsystems(systemsoftware),whichcontrolstheworkingofthecomputer,andapplicationsoftware,whichaddressesthemultitudeoftasksforwhichpeopleusecomputers.Systemsoftware,thushandlesuchessential,butofteninvisible,choresasmaintainingdiskfilesandmanagingthescreen,whereasapplicationsoftwareperformwordprocessing,databasemanagement,andthelike.Twoadditionalcategoriesthatareneithersystemnorapplicationsoftware,althoughtheycontainelementsofboth,arenetworksoftware,whichenablesgroupsofcomputerstocommunicate,andlanguagesoftware,whichprovidesprogrammerswiththetoolstheyneedtowriteprograms.Inadditiontothesetaskbasedcategories,severaltypesofsoftwarearedescribedbasedontheirmethodofdistribution.Theseincludetheso-calledcannedprogramsorpackagedsoftware,developedandsoldprimarilythroughretailoutlets;freewareandpublicdomainsoftware,whichismadeavailablewithoutcostbyitsdeveloper;share