计算机概述及网络基础知识

计算机概述及网络基础知识True/FalseIndicatewhetherthesentenceorstatementistrueorfalse.TRUE/FALSE____1.Acomputercanbedefinedbyitsabilitytoacceptinput,processdata,storedata,andproduceoutput,allaccordingtoasetofinstructionsfromacomputerprogram.ANS:T____2.Storageistheareaofacomputerthattemporarilyholdsdatathatiswaitingtobeprocessed,stored,oroutput.ANS:F____3.Acomputerstoresdatasothatitwillbeavailableforprocessing.ANS:T____4.Memoryistheareawheredatacanbeleftonapermanentbasiswhenitisnotimmediatelyneededforprocessing.ANS:F____5.Output,includingreports,documents,music,graphs,andpictures,istheresultproducedbyacomputer.ANS:T____6.Theterm“minicomputer”hasfallenintodisuse.ANS:T____7.Atabletcomputerissimilarinsizetoanotebookcomputer,butfeaturesatouch-sensitivescreenthatcanbeusedforinputinsteadofakeyboard.ANS:T____8.AhandheldcomputerissometimescalledaPDA.ANS:T____9.Thetermworkstationcannotbeappliedtoordinarypersonalcomputersthatareconnectedtoanetwork.ANS:F____10.Amainframeisalargeandexpensivecomputer,capableofsimultaneouslyprocessingdataforhundredsorthousandsofusers.ANS:T____11.Thesystemunitisthecasethatholdsthemaincircuitboards,microprocessor,powersupply,andharddrive.ANS:T____12.ACDdriveisastoragedevicethatuseslasertechnologytoreaddatapermanentlystoredoncomputeroraudioCDs.ANS:T____13.Applicationsoftwareisasetofcomputerprogramsthathelpsapersoncarryoutatask.ANS:T____14.TwoofthemostpopularpersonalcomputerplatformsarePCsandMacs.ANS:T____15.CommunicationbetweenallofthedifferentdevicesontheInternetismadepossiblebyHTTP(HypertextTransferProtocol),astandardsetofprotocolsforelectronicallyaddressingandtransmittingdata.ANS:F（正确答案应将HTTP改为TCP/IPTransmissionControlProtocol/InternetProtocol）____16.Downloadingistheprocessoftransferringafilefromaremotecomputer,suchasaserver,toalocalcomputer,suchasyourcomputer.ANS:T____17.ThecheapesttypeofconnectiontotheInternetisreferredtoasadial-upconnection,whichaccessesanexistingtelephoneline.ANS:T____18.Dial-up,cablemodem,andDSLserviceareexamplesofalways-onconnections.(持续连接)ANS:F____19.ApasswordisaseriesofcharactersthatverifiestheuserIDandissimilartoaPIN（personalidentificationnumber）.ANS:T____20.EveryWebpagehasauniqueaddresscalledaURL(UniformResourceLocator).ANS:T____21.AWebbrowserisasoftwareprogramthatrunsonyourcomputerandhelpsyouaccessWebpages.ANS:T____22.ThetermsearchenginepopularlyreferstoaWebsitethatprovidesavarietyoftoolstohelpyoufindinformation.(搜索引擎一般是指能提供多种工具以协助用户查找信息的网站。)ANS:T____23.Computersmanipulatedatainmanyways,andwecallthismanipulationoperating.______________________ANS:F,processing____24.Theseriesofinstructionsthattellacomputerhowtocarryoutprocessingtasksisreferredtoasa(n)computerprogram.ANS:T____25.Memoryisanareaofacomputerthatpermanentlyholdsdatawhenitisnotimmediatelyneededforprocessing._________________________ANS:F,Storage____26.Acomputerminiprocessoristwoormorecomputersandotherdevicesthatareconnectedforthepurposeofsharingdata,programs,andhardware._________________________ANS:F,network____27.Computersadvertisedasworkstationsareusuallypowerfuldesktopcomputersdesignedforspecializedtasks.______________________________ANS:T____28.A(n)datafilecontainstheprogramsorinstructionsthattellacomputerhowtoperformaspecifictask._________________________ANS:F,executable____29.Datafilestypicallyhave.exeextensions.______________________________ANS:F,Executable____30.Asshowninthefigureabove,theWindowsapplicationsystemdisplayson-screengraphicalcontrolsdesignedtobemanipulatedbyamouse.______________________________ANS:F,operating____31.CommunicationbetweenallthedifferentdevicesontheInternetismadepossiblebyHTTP._________________________ANS:F,TCP/IP____32Uploadingistheprocessoftransferringafilefromaremotecomputertoalocalcomputer._________________________ANS:F,Downloading____33.A(n)ISPisacompanythatmaintainsInternetcomputersandtelecommunicationsequipmentinordertoprovideInternetaccesstobusinesses,organizations,andindividuals._________________________ANS:T____34.Mostbrowsershavea(n)Forwardbuttonthatyoucanclickifyoudon’twanttowaitforapagethatistakingaverylongtimetoappearonyourscreen._________________________ANS:F,Stop____35.HTTP(HypertextTransferProtocol)tags,embeddedinWebpages,tellyourbrowserhowtodisplaythepage.______________________________ANS:FHTMLHypertextMarkupLanguage（嵌入在网页中的HTML标记，告知浏览器如何显示信息）____36.A(n)queryisanywordthatdescribestheinformationyouaretryingtofindontheInternet._________________________ANS:F,keyword____37.AspamfilterautomaticallyroutesadvertisementsandotherjunkmailtotheDeletedItemsfoldermaintainedbyyoure-mailclient.______________________________77.ANS:TREF:40（垃圾邮件过滤器能自动识别广告和其它垃圾邮件，并将其转到由代理商维护的已删除项目（deleteditems）文件夹下）MultipleChoiceIdentifytheletterofthechoicethatbestcompletesthestatementoranswersthequestion.____38.Acomputerisadevicethat____.a.acceptsdatab.storesdatac.producesoutputd.AlloftheaboveANS:D____39.Dataisprocessedinthe____.a.CentralProcessingUnit(CPU)b.MemoryChip(MC)c.StorageUnit(SU)d.PersonalDigitalAssistant(PDA)ANS:A____40.____isanareaofacomputerthattemporarilyholdsdatathatiswaitingtobeproc