浅析中英问候语的差异

毕业论文题目：浅析中英问候语的差异Title:BriefAnalysisofDifferencesonChineseGreetingsandEnglishGreetings2009年5月20月AcknowledgementsFirstandforemost,Ihavetothanksmyparents,withouttheirloveandencouragementmygraduatepapershouldn’thavebeenfinished.Iwouldalsoliketoextendmysincerethankstoallotherteacherswhogavemelecturesduringthepastthreeacademicyears.Ihavebenefitedintellectualgrowththroughtheirlectures.Then,IwouldalsothankstomysupervisorLuYimiao.Itisforhercarefulreading,hercriticalinstructions,herscrupulousteaching,hervigorousthinkingandherprecioussuggestionsthatthispaperappearsinthepresentform.Finally,Iwouldalsothankstomanywriters,QianHoushu,Leech,Geoftrey,HuMingyang,andBiJiwan,whosemanuscriptsgavememuchinformationaboutmygraduatepapersothatmygraduateismoreconsummate.AbstractGreetingsareaseriesofactions,whichkeepandstrengthenrelationshipofbetweenthetwospeakers,Greetingshascertainfunctions,referringtosetuprelationshipanddelaytherelationship.Thepaperhopestoadvancepeople’scommunicationindifferentculturesandlanguage—backgroundsandtogetcross—culturecommunication.Thepaperwillreviewdifferentversionsofthedefinitionofgreetings,whicharedefinedbyseverallinguists.Greetingsareeffectedbymanyfactorsinprogressofusing,thesefactorsincludeBritishpeople’sspokenhabitandChinesepeople’sspokenhabit;TheSpecialcontext(First—meeting,PeoplewithDifferentSocialStatus).SoinpartII，itwilldiscussthathowfactorsrestrictthegreetings.BecausegreetingsisrestrictedbyaseriesoffactorscausingthatChinesegreetingsisdifferentfromEnglishgreetings,soPartIIIwillanalyzeaboutcontent,structure,waysofgreetings.BecauseChinesegreetingsisdifferentfromEnglishgreetings,referringtocontent,structure，waysofgreetings.PartIVwillgivesomesuggestionstoavoidthetroublesthey'llmeetwhengreetingtoeachother.Keywords:greetings;cross—culture;communication摘要问候语是交际双方见面时为了维持和加强双方的人际关系而进行的一系列的交际活动，问候语具有建立和延迟各种人际关系的作用。通过问候语的使用和对中英问候语的对比分析，希望促进不同文化和不同语言背景下人们的相互沟通和通过避免文化差异达到文化交流.问候语在日常生活中有一定的重要性，但是由于问候语在使用的过程中受到了一系列的因素的影响，这些因素包括英国语言习惯和中国语言习惯；特殊语境（第一见面；特殊地位），因此，在PartII中会讨论这些因素是怎么制约问候语的。由于问候语受到一系列的因素制约，使得中英问候语会有一定的差别，PartIII分别从问候语的内容、结构、方法的不同，对中英问候语进行比较。由于中英问候语存在这些差别，在PartIV中建议人们在日常生活中使用问候语的时候，能准确的使用问候语，从而能达到问候的目的。关键词:问候语;跨国文化;交流ContentsIntroduction………………………………………………………...1I.DefinitionofGreetings……………………………………......................2II.FactorsEffectingtheChineseGreetingsandEnglishGreetings.........22.1SpokenHabits..................................................................................32.2TheSpecialContext………….…………………..................................4III.ResearchofGreetingsinChineseandEnglish……………………...53.1DifferencesbetweenChineseGreetingsandEnglishGreetings............5IV.SuggestiontoPeople…………………………………………………104.1ApplicationofGreetingsinDifferentSituations…………...………10Conclusion………………………………………………………………..12Bibliography………………………………………………………………131IntroductionEverydaypeoplemaybeapplygreetingstoconveytheirfeelings,andgreetingsisakindofcommunication.Greetingsisseriousofactions,whichistokeepandstrengthenrelationshipofbetweenthetwospeakers,Greetingshasfunctionreferringtosetuprelationshipanddelaytherelationship.ItisimportanttostudygreetingsinbothChineseandEnglish.First,atheoreticalstudyofgreetings,aneverydayaction,canhelppeopletorealizethateverylifeisimportantfortheunderstandingofcultureandsociety.Althoughaseeminglyminorepisodeofinteraction,greetingshasanimportantfunctioninthemanagementofhumanrelation.Itisbymeansofgreetingsthatfriendsacknowledgeconfirm,andstrengthentheirfriendship.Astudyofgreetingswillcontributemuchtounderstandingthestructuringoftheinterpersonalrelationshipinsocialcommunity.Second,thestudyofgreetingshelpstodevelopasituationalapproachtowardsthestudyofculture.Generallyspeaking,greetingsisareutilizedsituationalframes,suchasparting,complementing,apologizing,wedding,etc,greetingsisoneofthecultureblocks,whichvariescross—culturally.Asystematicdescriptionofgreetingswithsocialculturalfactorstakenintoaccountwilltendtobettercomprehendthestructureofacertainsocietyandculture.Third,contrastivestudyofgreetingshelpspeopletoenhancetheircross—culturalawarenesswiththeaccelerateddevelopmentofglobalization,chanceisthatculturalclashesbackgrounds.Asaresultanurgetaskconfrontedbyusistodevelopandsharpenourcross-culturalawarenessforthecross-culturalcommunications.2DefinitionofGreetingsCoffman(1971)expresseshisviewthatgreetingsmarkthetransitiontoaconditionofincreasedaccessinhisdefinitionof“accessrituals”whichmarkachangeindegreeofaccess.Goody’sstudyofgreetingin1971doesnotclearlydefinegreeting,butfromherdiscussionofthefunctionsofgreetings,itcanbeseenthatgreetingsareregardedassomethingreutilizedatthebeginningofencounterstoopen....Communicativeacts,”todefineandaffirm,“bothidentityandrank,andtomanipulate“arelationshipinordertoachieveaspecificaresult”.Irvine(1974)regardsgreetingsasameansofstatusmanipulationastrategyaspeakermayusetomanipulationtherolestructureofinteractionandtoconveyhisself-imageinrelationtothoseroles.Therearesomedifferentkindsofdefinitionsforgreeting,nomatterwhatisdefinition,itisexpressionthatthesamemeaning,theg