职称英语复习第五部分补全短文附译文

1第五部分补全短文阅读下面的短文，每一篇文章中有5处填空，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有的位置，以恢复文章的原貌。第十一篇VirtualDriverDrivinginvolvessharpeyesandkeenears,analyzingwithabrain,andcoordinationbetweenhands,feetandbrain.Amanhassharpeyesandkeenears,analyzesthroughhisbrain,andmaintainscoordinationbetweenhishandsandbrains.Hecancontrolafast-movingcarwithdifferentpartsofhisbody.1Apparentlythereisn’tanyoneinthedriver’scab,butthereisinfactavirtualdriver1.Thisvirtualdriverhaseyes,brains,handsandfeettoo.Theminicamerasoneachsideofthecarareitseyesandareresponsibleforobservingtheroadconditionsaheadofitaswellasthetraffictoitsleftandright.Ifyouopentheboot,youcanseethemostimportantpartoftheautomaticdrivingsystem:abuilt-incomputer.2Thebrainisresponsibleforcalculatingthespeedsobjectssurroundingthecararemovingat2,analyzingtheirpositionontheroad,choosingtherightpath,andgivingorderstothewheelandthecontrolsystem.Incomparisonwiththehumanbrain,thevirtualdriver’sbestadvantageisthatitreactsquickly.3However,ittakestheworld’sbestracecardriveratleastonesecondtoreact,andthisdoesn’tincludethetimeheneedstotakeaction.Withitsrapidreactionandaccuratecontrol,thevirtualdrivercanreducetheaccidentrateonexpresswaysconsiderably.Inthiscase,isitpossibleforustoletithavethewheel3atanytimeandinanyplace?4Withitslimitedabilitytorecognizethings,thecarcannowonlytravelonexpressways.Theintelligentcardeterminesitsdirectionbytheclearlinesthatmarkthelanesclearlyandrecognizesvehiclesaccordingtotheirregularshapes.5Thisbeingthecase4,peoplestillhavehighhopesaboutdriverlesscars,andthinkhighlyintelligentcarsarewhatthecarsofthefutureshouldbelike5.词汇：virtual/5vE:tjuEl/adj.虚拟的built-in/5bilt5in/adj.嵌入的coordination/kEu7C:di5neiFEn/n.协调，配合racecarn.赛车cab/kAb/n.驾驶室expressway/Ik5spresweI/n.高速公路minicameran.小型照相机driverlessadj.无驾驶员的boot/bu:t/n.（车身后部的）行李箱注释：1.virtualdriver：虚拟驾驶员2.Thebrainisresponsibleforcalculatingthespeedsobjectssurroundingthecararemovingat：大脑负责计算汽车周围物体移动的速度。Thebrainisresponsibleforcalculatingthespeedsobjectssurroundingthecararemovingat=Thebrainisresponsibleforcalculatingthespeedsatwhichobjectssurroundingthecararemoving3.havethewheel：驾驶汽车4.Thisbeingthecase虽然情况是这样。Thisbeingthecase是独立主格结构。5.highlyintelligentcarsarcwhatthecarsofthefutureshouldbelike：未来的汽车就应该是高度智能化的汽车。练习：AExpertssaythatwecannotdothatjustyet.BInthenearfuture,intelligentcarswillbeputintocommercialoperation.CThisisthebrainofthecar.DButhowdoesanintelligentcarcontrolitself?EItcompletestheprocessingoftheimagessentbythecameraswithin100milliseconds.FHowever,itcannotrecognizemovingpeopleandbicyclesonordinaryroadsthathavenoclearmarkingsonthem.答案与题解：1.D“空1”前面三个句子讲的是真人驾驶员驾驶汽车时脑、眼、耳、手、脚并用，而且要协调配合。“空1”之后话题转入虚拟驾驶员。“空1”之后的第一句“Apparentlythereisn’tanyoneinthedriver’scab…”似乎来得有些突然，与前面句子接得很生硬。所以，中间应该有个过渡句。选项D就是连接上下文的过渡句。2.C“空2”前面一句说，如果你打开车身后部的行李箱，你就能看到自动驾驶系统的昀重要的部件，嵌入式电脑。“空2”后的句子中的Thebrainofthecar自然是指前句的built-incomputer，但接得太突然。选项C的“Thisisthebrainofthecar”就把前后句子联系起来了。This指代上一句的built-incomputer。后面句子的Thebrainofthecar是重复选项C中的thebrainofthecar，显得很自然。所以，C是答案。3.E“空3”前面一句说，虚拟驾驶员昀大的优点是反应快。“空3”后面一句说，越好的赛车手至少要1秒钟才能作出反应。“至少要1秒钟”已经暗示，虚拟驾驶员反应速度要比真人驾驶员快。一找，选项E果然说，虚拟驾驶员只需100毫秒就能作出反应。选项E使上下文的意思完整，因此是答案。4.A“空4”前面是一句问句，即“在这种情况下，是不是可以不分时间、不分地点都让虚拟驾驶员驾驶汽车?“空4”的句子应该回答这个问题：“让还是不让？”选项A回答了这个问题，因此是答案。5.F“空5”前面一句说，“Theintelligentcardeterminesitsdirectionbytheclearlinesthatmarkthelanesclearlyandrecognizesvehiclesaccordingtotheirregularshapes.(智能汽车按清晰标出的车道线决定向己的行车方向，靠车辆的常2规形状识别其他车辆。)选项F的内容正好相反。上一句说“recognizes”，还有“markthelanesclearly”，而F说：“cannotrecognize”，又说“noclearmarkings”。从意思表达上和词汇重复上，都能判断出，F的句子应该出现在“空5”的位置上。第十二篇MusicalTrainingCanImproveCommunicationSkillsAmericanscientistssaymusicaltrainingseemstoimprovecommunicationskillsandlanguageretardation.Theyfoundthatdevelopingmusicalskillsinvolvesthesameprocessinthebrainaslearninghowtospeak.Thescientistsbelievethat1couldhelpchildrenwithlearningdisabilities.１.Shesaysmusicaltraininginvolvesputtingtogetherdifferentkindsofinformation,suchashearingmusic,lookingatmusicalnotes,touchinganinstrumentandwatchingothermusicians.Thisprocessisnotmuchdifferentfromlearninghowtospeak.2Shefurtherexplainsmusicaltrainingandlearningtospeakeachmakeusthinkaboutwhatwearedoing2.Shesaysspeechandmusicpassthroughastructureofthenervoussystemcalledthebrainstem.3.Untilrecently,expertshavethoughtthebrainstemcouldnotbedevelopedorchanged.ButProfessorKraussandherteamfoundthatmusicaltrainingcanimproveaperson’sbrainstemactivity.Thestudyinvolvedindividualswithdifferentlevelsofmusicalability.Theywereaskedtowearanelectricaldevicethatmeasuresbrainactivity.Theindividualsworetheelectrodewhiletheywatchedavideoofsomeonespeakingandapersonplayingamusicalinstrument—thecello.4.Thestudyfoundthatthemoreyearsoftrainingpeoplehad,themoresensitivetheyweretothesoundandrhythmofthemusic3.Thosewhowereinvolvedinmusicalactivitieswerethesamepeopleinwhomtheimprovementofsensoryeventswasthestrongest.5Shesaysusingmusictoimprovelisteningskillscouldmeantheyhearsentencesandunderstandfacialexpressionsbetter.词汇：retardation/7ri:tB:5deiFEn/n.滞后rhythm/5riWEm/n.节奏cello/5tFelEJ/n.大提琴electrode/I5lektrEJd/n.