综合英语教程2第四单元答案culturalencounters

CulturalEncountersTextcomprehensionI.BII.1.T;2.F;3.T;4.T;5.T.III.1.“snailmail”.2.“anessentialsteppingstoneontheroadtosuccess”.3.“theprofoundrelationshipbetweenlanguageandculturethatliesattheheartofsociety”.4.“themeanstoshapeourviewsoftheworld”.5.“tonegotiatetheboundariesbetweenlanguagesandtocompromiseintranslation”.6.“touselinguisticskills,tothinkdifferently,toenterintoanotherculture’smentalityandtoshapelanguageaccordingly”.IV.1.withconvenientwaystoreachanypartoftheworld.2.Itseemsthateveryoneisabletoalwaysgetintouchwithanyoneelseifheorshecanaffordto.3.isthemostimportanttosociety.4.afundamentalskillintoday’sworld,wheredifferentculturesinteract.5.arefindingwaystointerrelatedifferentcultures.Structuralanalysisofthetext1.Thelastsentenceofthe3rdparagraph:“Mostfundamentalistheprofoundrelationshipbetweenlanguageandculturethatliesattheheartofsocietyandonethatweoverlookatourperil.”2.Paragraph4:ThelackofanexactcounterpartoftheEnglishword“homesickness”inotherlanguagessuchasItalian,Portuguese,andGerman.Paragraph5:TheproblemofuntranslatabilitywhichtheearlyBibletranslatorsencountered.Paragraph6:EnglishandWelshspeakersmakeadjustmentsregardingthecolorspectruminthegrey/green/blue/brownrange;Theword“democracy”meanscompletelydifferentthingsindifferentcontexts;theflatbreadsofCentralAsiaarealongwayawayfromMother’sPridewhiteslicedtoasties,yettheword“bread”hastoserveforboth.PartOne.VocabularyAnalysisI.Phrasepractice1.provided=aslongas假如，倘若needneverbeoutoftouch=canneverfailtobereached从不会失去联系2.regardlessof=nomatter不管，不顾3.overlookatourperil=failtonoticeatgreatrisk忽视……的危险或风险4.hoverssomewhereinandaroundallthosewords=maybedescribedbythesewordstovaryingdegrees5.hittheproblemofuntranslatabilityhead-on=weredirectlyconfrontedwiththeproblemthatsomethinginonelanguagecannotberenderedintoanotherII.1.steppingstone;2.attheirperil;3.serve;4.mentality;5.staple;6.facilitating;7.messaging;8.hybrid.III.WordderivationFillintheblankswiththeappropriateformsofthegivenwords.1.Thecountryistryingtomovefromacentrallyplannedeconomy(economic)toonebasicallygearedtotheneedsofthemarket.2.Therearenogoodroadsinthearea,somostoftheranchesareonlyaccessible(access)byjeeporotheroff-roadvehicles.3.Thetwoapproachesaresofundamentally(fundamental)differentthatitissurprisingthattheyhavebothbeensuccessful.4.Theyspentmuchtimecomfortingthehomesick(homesickness)childrenatthebeginningofthesummercamp.5.Wearelookingforanexperiencedjournalisttojointhenewsteams.Thesalaryisnegotiable(negotiate).6.Theamountofanyoftheseingredientscanbeadjusted(adjustment)accordingtoyourtaste.7.Theremoteness(remote)ofthehousewastheonlythingthatmadethemhesitateaboutbuyingit.8.Heparkedthecarandsmiledather,complacently(complacent)assuminghehadpassedthetest.1.economica.经济学的；经济的；有利可图的economicala.节俭的；经济的，合算的economicsn.经济学economistn.经济学家economyn.节约；经济2.accessn.通道，入口accessiblea.可得到的；易接近的，可进入的accessibilityn.可以得到；易接近3.fundamentala.基本的，根本的；重要的fundamentalismn.原教旨主义fundamentalistn.信奉正统派基督教的人fundamentallyad.从根本上；基本地4.homesicka.想家的homesicknessn.乡愁，思乡病5.negotiatev.谈判，协商，交涉negotiablea.可磋商的，可协商的negotiationn.谈判，协商negotiatorn.磋商者，交涉者6.adjustv.调整，调节；使适应adjustablea.可调整的adjustmentn.调整7.remotea.偏僻的，遥远的，远程的remotenessn.远离，远隔，偏僻8.complacenta.满足的，自满的，得意的complacentlyad.满足地，自满地，沾沾自喜地complacencyn.自满，沾沾自喜IV.1.D;2.C;3.A;4.D;5.B;6.A;7.B;8.C.V.Synonym/AntonymGiveasynonymoranantonymofthewordunderlinedineachsentenceinthesenseitisused.1.Weliveinanageofeasyaccesstotherestoftheworld.Synonym:time,era,epoch2.ConferencesandbusinessmeetingsaroundtheglobeareheldinEnglish,regardlessofwhetheranyonepresentisanativeEnglishspeaker.Synonym:meetings3.Englishhassimplybecomethelanguagethatfacilitatescommunication,andformanypeoplelearningEnglishisanessentialsteppingstoneontheroadtosuccess.Synonym:basic,fundamental4.Differentculturesarenotsimplygroupsofpeoplewholabeltheworlddifferently;languagesgiveusthemeanstoshapeourviewsoftheworldandlanguagesaredifferentfromoneanother.Antonym:misshape5.Inevitably,thespreadofEnglishmeansthatmillionsofpeopleareaddinganotherlanguagetotheirownandarelearninghowtonegotiateculturalandlinguisticdifferences.Synonym:unavoidably6.WhydoestheriseofEnglishasagloballanguagecausefeelingsofuneasinessforsomeofus?Synonym:worry,concern,anxiety7.Butevenasmorepeoplebecomemultilingual,sonativeEnglishspeakersarelosingout,fortheyarebecomingevermoremonolingual,andhenceincreasinglyunawareofthedifferencesbetweenculturesthatlanguagesreveal.Antonym:hide,conceal4PrefixWriteineachspaceonewordthathasthesameprefixasunderlinedinthegivenword.1.unreliableunbelievable2.impatientimperfect3.disapprovaldisagreement4.mistakemisplace5.maltreatmalfunction6.enrichenable7.surmountsurpass8.subordinatesubmarine1.Explanation:un-:notortheoppositeofe.g.unable,unhappy,unknown2.Explanation:in-/il-/im-/ir-:notortheoppositeofe.g.impolite,infinite,illogical,irrelevance3.Explanation:dis-:notortheoppositeofe.g.dishonest,disadvantage,disappear4.Explanation:mis-:badorwronge.g.misinterpret,misbehavior,mischance,misconceive5.Explanation:mal-:badornotcorrecte.g.malpractice,malodorous,