磨课过去分词作定语和表语

知人善教培养品质引发成长动力星火教育英语小班教案学生姓名年级高二科组长罗敏教学副主任林峰授课教师谭舒华上课时间年月日第（）次课共（）次课课时：3课时教学课题过去分词作定语和表语教学目标（1）掌握过去分词作定语和表语的功能（2）培养学生比较、分析、运用非谓语动词的能力。（3）启发学生积极思维，锻炼学生的分析比较能力教学重点与难点过去分词作定语，表语的运用教学过程一、导入在必修四中我们已经学过非谓语动词V-ing形式相关的语法知识,本次课我们将继续学习非谓语动词的过去分词形式,即V-ed形式.二、知识点讲解(一)过去分词作定语1.特点在语态上，表被动；在时间上，表示动作已经发生或完成，与它所修饰的名词有逻辑（意义）上的动宾关系。过去分词作定语时，所修饰的名词在逻辑上相当于被动句中的主语，过去分词相当于谓语。作定语的过去分词一般由及物动词变来，因为只有及物动词才有被动意义。例：Heisateacherlovedbyhisstudents.他是个很受学生爱戴的老师。也有用不及物动词的过去分词作定语的情况，一般作前置定语，它不表示被动意义，只表示主动意义，强调动作完成。不能像及物动词的过去分词那样放在名词后面作定语。例如:fallenleaves落叶retiredworkers退休工人therisensun升起的太阳2.注意下面过去分词作定语的几种情况：1）单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。例如：Weneededmuchmorequalifiedworkers.我们需要更多的合格的工人。我的朋友是个归国的留学生。单个分词也可以作后置定语，用以强调动作。例如：Theydecidedtochangethematerialused.他们决定更换使用的材料。2)过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面，作后置定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句。例如：Thestudentdressedinwhiteismydaughter.====Thestudentwhoisdressedinwhiteismydaughter.穿白色衣服的学生是我的女儿。3.弄清过去分词作表语和定语的位置单个过去分词作定语常放在被修饰的名词前边，过去分词短语作定语应放在被修饰的名词后边。过去分词作表语时，应放在连系动词后面，但有时过去分词和连系动词之间有副词隔开。例如：Thisisthewoundedsoldier.这就是那个受伤的战士。Thisisthesoldierwoundedinthebattle.这就是在战场上受伤的战士。Englishiswidelyusedallovertheworld.英语在全世界得到广泛使用。Thispackagewasproperlymarkedwiththenameanddate.这个包裹被适当地标明了名字和日期。（二）过去分词作表语：1、过去分词做表语，跟在be,get,become,look,sound,feel,keep,remain,grow,seem,appear等系动词后面，一般表示被动或主语所处的状态：①Theshophasremainedshutforaweek.②Allofosweremovedtotearsatthesorrowfulstory.③shelookedtiredwithcooking.2、v-ed与v-ing作表语的区别：人作主语物作主语“觉得”“令人…”Hislectureisinteresting,whichmadeusinterestedIaminterestedinhislecturewhichisinteresting.3.某些过去分词作表语,多半用来表示人物所处的心理状态或情感变化,其主语多半是人。这类过去分词通常为下列过去分词:delighted,devoted,discouraged,astonished,frightened,excited,inspired,encouraged,interested,contented,pleased,puzzled,satisfied,tired,worried,ect.知人善教培养品质引发成长动力三、例题讲解1.Don'tusewords,expressions,orphrases________onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.A.beingknownB.havingbeenknownC.tobeknownD.known解析：该题选D。此处并不是强调进行的、完成的或将来的动作，因此应填过去分词known作定语。2.Thefirsttextbooks________forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written解析：该题选D。第一批课本是被写的，所以应填过去分词written作定语，表示完成的、被动的动作。3.Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain________astheplanewasmakingalanding.A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.tobeseating解析：该题选C。有些过去分词(词组)因来自系表结构而不含被动色彩，如dressedlike,dressedin,satisfiedwith,devotedto,tiredof,bornin,seated,pleasedwith,interestedin,surprisedat,preparedfor,lost/absorbedin等。remainseated为系表结构，不具有被动色彩。4.-Howaretheteamplaying?-They'replayingwell,butoneofthem________hurt.A.gotB.getsC.areD.were解析：A。getdone也可构成被动语态，相当于bedone。例如：Hisrighthandgotburntinthatbigfire.他的右手在那场大火中被烧伤。语境逻辑提示该空表过去被弄伤。5.Becarefulwhenyoucrossthisverybusystreet.Ifnot,youmay________runoverbyacar.A.haveB.getC.becomeD.turn解析：B。语境逻辑制约该空表示被小汽车碾过去，应填get。6.TheOlympicGames,________in776B.C.,didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobefirstplaying知人善教培养品质引发成长动力解析：C。过去分词可作非限制性定语，因其不属于被修饰名词不可缺少的定语，前面常有逗号与被修饰名词隔开。分析语境逻辑不难发现，该空表公元前776年第一次被举行，应填过去分词firstplayed作非限制性定语。四、变式训练1.Idon'tknowthegirl________inthesnowstorm.A.tocatchB.caughtC.catchingD.tobecatching2.Thegirl________downbyacarwasdying.A.knockB.knockingC.knockedD.toknock3.Theforeignguests,________bysomeartists,cameoutofthehall.A.followingB.tofollowC.followedD.tobefollowed4.Thisistheproblem________soquicklylastevening.A.havingbeensettledB.settleC.besettledD.settled5.Therewasan________lookonhisfacewhentheactressappeared.A.excitedB.exciteC.excitingD.excitement6.Thechildren________atthehospitalyesterdaywereseriouslyill.A.toexamineB.examinedC.examineD.examining7.Hewasdisappointedathissuggestions________bythemyesterday.A.beenturneddownB.turneddownC.tobeturneddownD.toturndown8.Thisisthepackage________lastnight.A.beweighedB.tobeweighedC.toweighD.weighed9.Islandisasmallpieceofland________bywater.A.surroundedB.surroundingC.tobesurroundedD.beingsurrounded10.Themanagerswillagaindiscusstheplan________lastweek.A.carriedoutB.carryingoutC.carryoutD.tocarryout11.Aftertheheavyrain,manycarsgot________inthemud.A.catchB.catchingC.caughtD.beingcaught12.Whatsurprisedmemostwasthattheleaderofthatcountrygot________.A.killB.killingC.killedD.tobekilled13.WhenIwentin,theywere________inaheateddiscussion.A.absorbB.absorbedC.absorbingD.beingabsorbed14.Thethiefseems________inthatcave.Let'sgoandsee.A.hiddenB.hideC.hidingD.tohide知人善教培养品质引发成长动力五、综合小测1.Thetrees_____inthestormhavebeenmovedofftheroad.A.beingblowndownB.blowndownC.blowingdownD.toblowdown2.TheEmperor’sNewClothesisan______text.Allofusare______aboutit.A.exciting;excitingB.excited;excitedC.excited;excitingD.exciting;excited3.With______leaves______intheeartheveryyear,thesoilbecomesricherandricher.A.falling;buryingB.fallen;buriedC.fallen;buryingD.falling;buried4.—I’mvery______withthedishIcooked.Itlooksniceandsmellsdelicious.—Mm.Itdoeshavea______smell.A.pleasant;pleasedB.pleased;pleasedC.pleasant;pleasantD.pleased;pleasant5.Ihavereadplentyofbooks______byLuX