【精品文档】BTO生产环境下供应链存货政策之研究

398JournaloftheChineseInstituteofIndustrialEngineers,Vol.20,No.4,pp.398-410(2003)BTO*106BTO(Build-to-Order)(s,S)VMI(VendorManagementInventory)BTO:VMIBTO*[e-mail]1.?[4](SupplyChainManagement,SCM)[17]JITCompaqDell(GlobalLogistics)OEM/ODM[12](BullwhipEffect)[23,24]BTO[14](s,S),(s,Q),(s,R),(s,Q,R)VMI(VendorManagedInventory)(s,S)VMI(s,S)VMIBTO:TheStudyofSupplyChainInventoryStrategyunderBTOProductionEnvironment399BTO:2.[27]Forrester[20][22][7,22][7,22][21,25,26][13]Forrester[20](DecisionRules)Towill[29]:,Lee[22]POSEDIVMICRP(ContinuousReplenishmentProgram)Kelle[21](s,S)SystemDynamics[11][13][5]MTO(Make-to-Stock)[10][3](TheModularApproach)(TheFeedbackLoopApproach),Vol.20,No.4(2003)3.3.1BTO[1,19]:3.2BTOBTO1BTO2[1,19](1)(2)FAS(FinalAssemblySchedule)MRP(3)(4)MPSMRP1.BTO[]FAS2.BTO[]:TheStudyofSupplyChainInventoryStrategyunderBTOProductionEnvironment4013.3(s,S)VMI[15]A.(s,S)sSB.VMIa.b.c.(MasterProductionScheduling,MPS)d.3.4PCCompaqDellIBMHPITPCDellCompaqOptimizedDistributionModelODM(BTO)(Configuration-to-orderCTO)ChannelConfigurationProgramCCP100CompaqODMBOTCTOPCBOM1.:(MainBoard)(CPU)(SRAMDRAM)2.:(LCD)3.(HDD)4.(FDD)5.(CD-ROM)6.:1[5]PC21.PC[5]ACPULCDCD-ROMHDDFDDDRAMBConnectorPCBIC/ChipSetKeyboardC,Vol.20,No.4(2003)2.[5]14HDD30LCDCD-ROMFDDCPUDRAM42()MICPC1999199949%26%17%OEM/ODM83%(Reseller)DellGateway2000PC3[6]3.PC[](Barebone,)CPURAMHDDFDDCD-ROM1.2.3.4.PC3PCPCPC3.PCPCCompaqDellIBMHP[[2]]PC:TheStudyofSupplyChainInventoryStrategyunderBTOProductionEnvironment403PC1.(28)2.BTO/CTO3.VMI4.1.28.5%71.5%[6]2.3.4.3145.14146.24.STELLAResearchVersion5.11STELLA(4)[28](Stock)(Flow)(Factor)2BTO5,Vol.20,No.4(2003)5.BTO[](s,S)IF((R's_inv+RD_trspor)Order_point_1)THEN(R's_target_inv-(R's_inv+RD_trspor))ELSE(0)(1)VMIIF(ACCTIME=R's_CT)THEN(Accumulate_Q*R's_safe)ELSE(0)(2)Forcasting_1=FORCAST(Order,R's_CT,R's_CT)(3)(1)(2)&(3)(1)R's_inv(2)RD_trspor(3)Order_point_1(4)R's_target_inv(5)ACCTIME(6)R's_CT:(7)Forcasting_1(Order)(8)Accumulate_QForcasting_1(9)R's_safe5.5.1[11]:TheStudyofSupplyChainInventoryStrategyunderBTOProductionEnvironment4054.4[9]5.26832125(6)5[]6,Vol.20,No.4(2003)5.31804045()BTO(s,S)VMI7867(s,S)VMIDT=1/1618012.5%(s,S)(R’s_inv)25%17(SPS_Warehouse)98.9%32(SPS_buffer)81.3%7061.VMI(R’s_inv)12.6%37(SPS_Warehouse)115.7%60(SPS_buffer)37.7%707BTO102702.BTO673.(s,S)VMI(s,S)VMI4.VMIVMI5.BTO()VMI()6.A&B[8]BTOVMI(1)BTO(2)BTO(3)(s,S)VMI(s,S)VMI(4)VMI(5)BTOVMI()6.BTO(s,S)(1)(2)(3)[(1)-X]/X(4)[Y-(2)]/Y[(3)+(4)]454012.5%0%12.5%132.425.212.5%12.5%25.0%1736010.3112.5%86.4%98.9%32345.4721.913.6%67.7%81.3%70XY:TheStudyofSupplyChainInventoryStrategyunderBTOProductionEnvironment4077.BTOVMI(1)(2)(3)[(1)-X]/X(4)[Y-(2)]/Y[(3)+(4)]454012.5%0%12.5%132.428.7712.5%0.1%12.6%37277.59015.7%100115.760321.87111.8211.3%26.3%37.7%70XY7.BTO(s,S),Vol.20,No.4(2003)8.BTOVMI1.()(1999)2.(1998)3.(1994)4.128-143(1998)5.BTO(1994)6.Dell(1999)7.(1998)8./4-8(2002)9.(1999)10.273-278(1997)11.(1996)12.64-67(1999)13.IC:TheStudyofSupplyChainInventoryStrategyunderBTOProductionEnvironment409(1996)14.(2000)15.(1991)16.(AHP)276(1989)17.-199997-105(1999)18.217-232(1996)19.Fogarty,D.W.,J.H.BlackstoneandT.R.Hoffmann,ProductionandInventoryManagement,South-Western(1991).20.Forrester,J.W.,IndustrialDynamics,MITPress,Cambridge,MA(1961).21.Kelle,P.andA.Milne,“TheEffectof(s,S)OrderingPolicyontheSupplyChain,”International.JournalProductionEconomics,59,113-122(1999).22.Lee,H.L.,andV.Padamanabhan,“TheBullwhipEffectinSupplyChains,”SloanManagementReview,Spring,93-101(1997).23.Lee,H.L.,V.Padamanabhan,andSeungjinWhang,“InformationDistortioninaSupplyChain:TheBullwhipEffect,”ManagementScience,43(4),546-565(1997).24.Metters,R.,“QuantifyingtheBullwhipEffectinSupplyChains,”JournalofOperationsManagement,15,89-100(1997).25.Naish,H.F.,“ProductionSmoothingintheLinearQuadraticInventoryModel“,QuarterlyJournalofEconomics,104,864-875(1994).26.Patrovic,D.,R.RoyandR.Petrovic,“ModelingandSimulationofaSupplyChaininanUncertainEnvironment,”EuropeanJournalofOperationalResearch109,299-309(1998).27.Senge,P.M.andJ.DSterman,“SystemThinkingandOrganizationalLeaning:ActingLocallyandThinkingGloballyintheOrganizationoftheFuture.”EuropeanJournalofOperationalResearch,59(3),137-145(1992).28.StellaIITechnicalDocumentation,HighPerformanceSystemInc.(1994).29.Towill,D.R.,andA.D.Vecchio,“TheApplicationofFilterTheorytotheStudyofSupplyChainDynamics,”ProductionPlanningandControl,5,82-96(1994)./(ReceivedJanuary2002;revisedJuly2002;acceptedNovember2002)