研究生机械工程专业英语考试必背单词

1单词Lesson1Gear齿轮,传动装置Bearing轴承Cams凸轮Camsandfollowers凸轮和从动件Couple力偶mechanics力学statics静力学，静止状态dynamics动力学，原动力，动力特性constraintforces约束力appliedforces作用力Electric,magnetic,andgravitationalforces电,磁,重力matingsurface啮合表面,配合表面,接触面meshing啮合，咬合，钩住meshingteeth啮合齿journalbearing滑动轴承，向心滑动轴承metal-to-metalcontact金属-金属接触Overheating过热failure失效flaking薄片，表面剥落，压碎Spall削，割，剥落，脱皮noise噪音roughmotion运动不精确inertia惯性particle质点rigidbody刚体deformable可变形的，应变的deformableBody变形体Scalar数量的，标量的Vectors矢量Density密度Mass质量Displacement位移Velocity速度Acceleration加速度Moment力矩，弯矩Momentum动量，冲量Lesson2Compressive压缩的，有压力的Turning车削Rectilinear直线的micrometer千分尺又称螺旋测微器Powerhacksaws弓锯床Shaper牛头刨床Thread螺纹Work：功muscularaction肌肉动作mechanicalmotion机械运动stretchanobject拉伸对象tensileforce：拉力intension：受拉compressiveforce：压力torsionalforce：扭力torque：扭矩shearingforce：剪切力twistanobject扭曲对象Slide滑，脱落Slip滑动，滑移incompression受压turningofapart对一个零件进行车削加工wedgingaction:楔入作用chip：切屑centersofthelathe车床的顶尖lathedog车床夹头centrifugalforce：离心力grindingwheel：磨削砂轮bondingagent：粘合剂abrasiveparticle：磨料颗粒centrifuge-typemachines离心式机械Centrifuge离心机，离心作用Centrifugalforceprinciples离心力原理centripetalforce：向心力rotarymotion:回转运动rectilinearmotion：直线运动handtool手工工具powertool动力工具feed：进给shaping：采用牛头刨床（shaper)进行刨削加工powersaw：弓锯床，弓式锯床thescrewofamicrometer意为“千分尺中的螺杆”harmonicandintermittentmotion：谐和运动和间歇运动simpleharmonicmotion：简谐运动returnstroke：快速回程shaperram：刨床滑枕Pulley滑轮Screw螺丝钉Belt带Link链2Lesson3Interactive互相作用的Iterative重复的,反复的,迭代的Pinpoint精确地定位或确认Equilibrium平衡，均衡Tractable易于处理或操作的Orderofmagnitude数量级Ideally理想的情况下soasto为了withanyprecision很少精确idealize理想化idealization理想化strengthofmaterials材料力学Dynamics动力学Approximations近似值beinherentin为、、、所固有，是、、、的固有性质Render提出，给予，描绘degradingtheresult使结果降级pertinent有关prohibitive令人望而却步Influx流入，注入，涌进，汇集Lesson5Sprocket链轮snapring卡环Universaljoints万向联轴器Self-aligningbearing调心轴承，球面轴承,自位轴承Dryice干冰Shot-peening喷丸硬化处理Pin销Key键Spline花键Couplings联轴器nondrivingwheel非驱动轮idlergear空转齿轮，换向齿轮besubjectedto承受Fluctuate变动，波动，起伏alternatingbendingstress交变弯曲应力deflections挠度lateralshaftdeflection横向轴的挠度angulardeflection角偏转non-self-aligningbearings非自调心轴承Torsionaldeflection扭转变形criticalspeed临界速度Attachmentofthehub毂的附件Keyway键槽Axial轴向Circumferential圆周方向Positioning定位Retaining固定retainingring定位环hub-to-shaftattachments轮毂与轴之间的连接interferencefit过盈配合hubbore毂孔bendingmoment弯矩cold-rolling冷轧relativeslope相对倾斜Journal轴颈plainbearing滑动轴承Lesson6Clutch离合器Brake制动器Friction摩擦Chain链，链条Timingbelt同步带Beltdrive带传动coefficientoffriction摩擦系数rayon人造纤维timingbelt同步带V-beltdriveV带传动Foregoing在前的，前述的fatiguelife疲劳寿命powertransmitted电力传输rotatableshaft可以转动的轴，从动轴rotatingshaft转动轴，主动轴inputshaft输入轴outputshaft输出轴unloadedstate空载状态Rotor转子rotationalinertia转动惯量torquecapacity扭矩容量kineticandpotentialenergy动能和势能provision规定thermalcapacity热容量thermalstress热应力thermaldistortion热变形rubbingvelocity摩擦速度Lining内衬，衬套empiricalvalue经验值Chaindrives链传动3geardrives齿轮传动speedratio速比shaftseparationdistance轴间隔距离arbitrarycenterdistance任意的中心距positive(noslip)drive强制(无滑动)传动synchronizedmotion同步运动conveyorsystems,farmmachinery,textilemachinery传送带系统，农用机械，纺织机械chainloop链环40-kWpowerratings：40千瓦的额定功率Lesson9Ceramicbearing陶瓷轴承Silicon硅Titanium钛Adherence粘附，附着gasturbineengines燃气涡轮发动机liquidlubricant液体润滑剂Exploit利用，发挥，使用Tribological摩擦学的ceramicrollingbearing陶瓷滚动轴承thermo-mechanical热机械Toolsteel工具钢Aeroengine航空发动机practicaltemperaturelimit实际的温度上限virtualexclusion虚拟排斥hotpressed热压hotisostaticallypressed热等静压的siliconnitrideSi3N4rollingcontactfatigue滚动接触疲劳lowfracturetoughness低的断裂韧性coefficientofthermalexpansion热膨胀系数thermalconductivity导热系数thermaldiffusivity热扩散系数，温度扩散率oxidationresistance抗氧化性Hertziancontactstresses赫兹接触应力Solidlubricant固体润滑剂syntheticlubricant合成润滑剂unconventionallubricant非常规润滑剂boundarylubrication边界润滑wearresistance耐磨性tribo-chemicalfilm摩擦化学膜Shear剪切，切断heatstable热稳定Imperative命令，绝对必要的，必不可少的Lesson14Meltingpoint熔点Specificheat比热Specificgravity比重Shrinkfit冷缩配合，收缩配合thermalconductivity热导率，导热率thermalexpansion热膨胀corrosionresistance耐蚀性reduceinertialforce减小惯性力Substitution替换recrystallizationtemperature再结晶温度Annealing退火heattreating热处理hotworking热加工minor微小的surfaceroughness表面粗糙度Metallurgical冶金学的Titanium钛thermalgradient热梯度relativeexpansion相对膨胀glass-to-metalseals玻璃-金属密封件Shrinkfit冷缩配合，收缩配合Deterioration恶化，变质，退化Degradation降解，老化，退化petroleum石油elevatedtemperature高温Alkalis碱oxygen,moisture,pollution,andacidrain氧气，湿气，污染和酸雨Nonferrousmetals,stainlesssteels,andnonmetallicmaterials,有色金属，不锈钢，和非金属材料castiron铸铁chromium铬protectivefilm保护膜Lesson28Basicsize基本尺寸Deviation偏差Interchangeable互换性Interchangeability互换性Unilateral,bilateral,andlimitforms.单边的，双边的和极限形式plus-or-minus加或减theoreticaldimension理论尺寸basicdimension基本尺寸Terminology术语definition定义4Tolerance公差Clearancefit间隙配合Interferencefit过盈配合Transitionfit过度配合Selectiveassembly选择装配bytrialanderror用试凑法basicholesystem基孔制basicshaftsystem基轴制Internationaltolerance(IT)grade公差等级Tolerancesymbols公差符号tolerancezone公差带uppercaseletter大写字母lowercaseletter小写字母surfacetexture表面纹理surfacefinish表面光洁度roughness,waviness,layandflaws.粗糙度，波纹度，加工纹理方向和缺陷irregularitiesinthesurface表面不平度Cutoff中止，截止Superimpose重叠，叠加Waviness波度Interval间隔cracks,blowholes,checks,scratches裂纹，气孔，检查，划痕Lesson43Burr毛刺Saw锯H