第56讲名词性从句

1/10第一讲名词性从句试一试：完成以下题目，并分别指出它们是什么从句1.______thebabycouldspeakmadehisparentsveryhappy.（主语从句）A.ThatB.WhatC.WhyD.If2.Iwonder______youwillgoshoppingorstayathome.（宾语从句）A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.what3.Thisis______hewasoftenlateforschool.（表语从句）A.whatB.thatC.whyD.whether4.Weallknowthetruth______theearth______aroundthesun.（同位语从句）A.if;movedB.that;movesC.why;moveD.whether;move一．名词性从句的概念：一个句子在连接词的引导下，在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。二．名词性从句的功能：相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。Hisjobisimportant.(主语)Whathedoesisimportant.(主语)Thisishisjob.(表语)Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.(表语)Idon’tlikehisjob.(宾语)Idon’tlikewhathedoeseveryday.(宾语)Idon’tknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher.(同位语)Idon’tknowabouttheman,Mr.White.(同位语)得出结论：因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分为四类，即：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。三．引导名词性从句的连接词：1、连接代词：who,whoever,whose,whom,whomever,what,which。有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。操练1：(1)___Who_______breaksthelawshouldbepunished.2、连接副词：when,where,why,how。有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。操练2：(1)Parentsarethoughttounderstand___how_______importanteducationistotheirchildren’sfuture.(2)Thereason____why______hewasabsentwasthathewasill.3、连接词：that,whether,if,asif,asthough。that无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if(whether),asif虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。操练3：2/10(1)Idon’tcareabout____whether______youhavemoneyornot.(2)Theproblemis____that______Tomisabletoarriveontime.(3)Itlooks___asif_______itisgoingtorain.(4)Thetruthis__that________hedidn’tcomefortheconcert.(5)__That________theearthisroundistrue.四．名词性从句的类型：1.主语从句：在复合句中作主句的主语。连接词有that,whether;who,what,which;when,where,how,why等。如:操练4：(1)___That_______heisafamoussingerisknowntous.(2)___When_______hewillgotoAmericaisnotyetfixed.(3)___Whether_______she’scomingornotdoesn’tmattertoomuch.(4)___Who_______broketheglassyesterdayisnotclear.注意：1.为避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语。记住以下it作形式主语的句型：It’slikely/possible/important/necessary/clearthat…很可能/重要的是…/必要的是…/很清楚…It’ssaid/reportedthat…据说/据报道…Itseems/appears/happensthat…显然、明显、碰巧…It’sbeenannounced/declaredthat…已经通知/宣布…It’snowonderthat…并不奇怪/无疑…It’sapity/afact/acommonknowledge(众所周知）/acommonsaying（俗话说）that…操练5：(1)Itworriedherabit______herhairwasturninggrey.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for(2)Itremainsaquestion______wecangetsomuchmoneyinsuchashorttime.A.howB.thatC.whenD.what(3)Itisknowntous______wherethereispollution,thereisharm.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that2.单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用句单数形式；如果是两个或两个以上的主语作主语，谓语动词则视情况而定。Whenandwherehewasbornhasn’tbeenfound.Whenhewasbornandwherehewasbornhaven’tbeenfound.Whenandwhythepersonwasmurderedisstillunknown.Whenthepersonwasmurderedandwhyhewasmurderedarestillunknown.操练63/10(1).______makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.A.WhatB.WhoC.WhateverD.Whoever(2)It’snotclear______wasresponsiblefortheaccident.A.WhoB.WhatC.HowD.That2.表语从句：在复合句中作主句的表语。引导词有连词that,whether,asif,asthough;who,what,which,whose;when,where,how,why,because等。如:操练7(1)Theproblemis__that_______wedidn’tgetintouchwithhim.(2)Thisis___why______Henrysolvedtheproblem.(3)Hissuggestionis___that______we(should)finishtheworkatonce.(3)Itlooked___asif______itwasgoingtorain.(4)Thereason___why______wedidn'ttrusthimis__that_______hehasoftenlied．注意：1.如果句子的主语是suggestion,advice,order,demand,proposal等名词时,后面引导的表语从句用should+动词原形,should可省略。他的建议是我们应该马上完成工作.Hissuggestionisthatwe(should)finishtheworkatonce.2.Thereasonisthat……的理由是，…的原因是…操练8：(1)Thereason___why_______hewaslateagainwas___that_______hewascaughtinthetrafficjam.(2)Thereason______Ihavetogois______mymotherisillinbed.A.why;whyB.why;becauseC.why;thatD.that;because3.Itisbecause…这是因为…操练9：(1)Thisis______shewasborn.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.what(2)Thequestionis______wecan’tgotheretoday.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.when(3)Thereasonhehasmadesuchgreatprogressis______hehasneverwastedhistime.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.what(4)Myadviceisthathe______schoolbybike.A.gotoB.wouldgotoC.goestoD.wentto(5)______shecouldn’tunderstandwas______fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.A.What;whyB.That;whatC.What;becauseD.Why;that4/10当堂检测(一)指出带下划线的从句属于名词性从句中的哪一种?1.Whathewantsisabook.主语从句2.Itissonicethatwecanlearnthisgrammarpointtogether.主语从句3.Theproblemiswhetheryoucansingitwell.表语从句4.Thathewantsabookiscertain.主语从句5.Whetheryoulikehimornotdoesn’tmattertoomuch.主语从句6.I’msogladthatIcanmakefriendswithyou.表语从句7.Thisiswhyhedidit.表语从句（二）翻译填空1.我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。__When______weshallholdoursportsmeetingisnotdecided.2．我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。Idon’tknow___who______broketheglassyesterday.3．我不知道他长的什么样子。Ihavenoidea___what______helookslike.4．这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。Thisis___where______Ileftmyglasses.（三）单项选择1.________makesmistakesmustcorrectthem.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhoeverD.Whatever4.ThereasonwhyIdidn'tgotoShanghaiwas________anewjob.A.becauseIgotB.becauseofgettingC.IgotD.thatIgot2._______surprisedmemostwas________suchalittleboyofsevencouldplaytheviolinsowell.A.That...whatB.What...thatC.That...whichD.What...which3.Thecityisnolonger________.A.whatitisB.thatitusedtobeC.whichitwasD.whatitusedtobe4.________wegoswimmingeveryday________usalotofgood.A.If...doB.That...doC.If...doesD.That...does5.________theboydidn'ttakemedicinemadehismotherangry.A.ThatB.WhatC.HowD.Which6.________leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoff