海事基本术语掌握

11.1DifferentTypesofShipsro/ropassengervessel滚装客船high-speedcraft高速客船cargovessel货船cruiseship邮轮generalcargovessel杂货船yacht游艇bulkcarrier:--drybulkcarrier--liquidbulkcarrier散货船:--干散货船--液体散货船oiltanker油轮verylargecrudecarrier/VLCC巨型油轮ultralargecrudecarrier/ULCC超大型油轮liquidgastanker:--liquidpetroleumgas/LPG--liquidnaturalgas/LNG--liquidchemicalgas/LCG液化气体船:--液化石油气船--液化天然气船--液化化学气船containership集装箱船carcarrier运车船bargecarrier载驳船timbercarrier木材船liquidchemicaltanker液体化学品船Refrigeratorship/reefer冷藏船tug/tugboat拖轮fireboat消防船supplyboat供给船pilotboat引航船launch交通船dredger疏浚船craneship起重船salvageship打捞船rescueship救助船icebreaker破冰船rescueboat救助艇cableship敷缆船ferry渡轮fishingboat渔船scientificresearchship科学考察船marinesurveillanceship海监船sailingboat帆船patrollaunch/patrolship巡逻艇（船）cruiser观光游艇guardship警戒船oilrig钻井平台warship军舰sandcarrier运沙船sampan舢板1.2Ship’sLocation（船舶各部位名称）port左舷starboard右舷bow/stem船首stern船尾portbow左船首starboardbow右船首portquarter左船尾starboardquarter右船尾forecastle首楼foreandaft首尾线midships船中LOA/lengthoverall总长breadth/width船宽abeam正横draft/draught吃水abeamtoport左正横draftforward前吃水abeamtostarboard右正横draftaft后吃水airdraft净空高度under-keelclearance龙骨下富裕水深freeboard干舷hull船体keel龙骨rudder舵propeller螺旋桨2anchor锚windlass起锚机steeringgear操舵装置forecastle首楼maindeck主甲板whistle汽笛bridge驾驶台chartroom海图室engineroom机舱crew’saccommodation船员舱galley厨房officer’scabin高级船员舱室hospital医院captain’scabin船长舱室messroom餐厅lifeboat救生艇poopdeck尾楼甲板crane克令吊/起重机derrick吊杆draftmarks吃水标志mast桅杆accommodationladder舷梯hold货舱bulwark舷墙Deckmooringfittings甲板系泊设备bollard系缆桩chock导缆孔cleat羊角桩headline首缆forwardbreastline前横缆forwardspring前倒缆aftbreastline后横缆aftspring后倒缆sternline尾缆messenger引缆sliprope/slipline回头缆hawser大缆Propeller推进器single-screwpropeller单螺旋桨twin-screwpropeller双螺旋桨triple-screwpropeller三螺旋桨left-handedpropeller左旋螺旋桨inward-turningpropeller内旋式螺旋桨right-handedpropeller右旋螺旋桨outward-turningpropeller外旋式螺旋桨thruster侧推器bow-thrust船首侧推器stern-thrust船尾侧推器1.3NavigationEquipment/instrument（航海仪器/设备）ARPARadar(automaticradarplottingaids)雷达和自动雷达标绘仪GMDSS（GlobalMaritimeDistressandSafetySystem）全球海上遇险与安全系统gyrocompass陀螺罗经magneticcompass磁罗经AIS(automaticidentificationsystem)自动识别系统GPS(globalpositioningsystem)全球定位系统ECDIS(electronicchartdisplayandinformationsystem)电子海图显示和信息系统GNSS(globalnavigationsatellitesystem)全球导航卫星系统LRIT（LongRangeIdentificationandTracking）船舶远程跟踪识别系统VDR(voyagedatarecorder)航行数据纪录仪echosounder回声测深仪radiodirectionfinder无线电测向仪NAVTEXreceiver航海电传接收机automaticpilot自动舵Log计程仪/计速仪EPIRB(emergencypositionindicatingradiobeacon)无线电应急示位标SART(searchandrescuetransponder)搜救应答器binoculars望远镜3IntegratedBridgeandNavigationSystems综合驾驶台航行系统sextant六分仪1.4thePositiononBoard（船上职务）TheDeckDepartmentTheEngineDepartmentcaptain/master船长chiefengineer轮机长(politicalcommissar)政委secondengineer大管轮chiefofficer大副thirdengineer二管轮secondofficer二副fourthengineer三管轮thirdofficer三副assistantengineer轮助assistantofficer驾助electrician电机员bosun/boatswain/coxswain水手长chiefmotorman机工长sailor水手motorman机工carpenter木匠oiler加油工deckcadet驾驶实习生enginecadet轮机实习生radiocommunicationandradiooperator无线电通信和无线电操作员cook厨师steward服务员steward/stewardess服务员1.5NauticalPublications(航海出版物)NauticalChart海图AdmiraltySailingDirection(Pilotbooks)英版航路指南AdmiraltyNoticestoMariners英版航海通告AdmiraltyListoflights英版灯标表AdmiraltyTideTables英版潮汐表AdmiraltyListofRadioSignals英版无线电信号表GuidetoPortEntry进港指南OceanPassage大洋航路NauticalAlmanac航海天文历Mariner’sHandbook海员手册InternationalCodeofSignal国际信号规则TidalStreamAtlases潮流图1.6Documentsonboardship（船舶单证）CopyofB/L(billoflading)提单副本Loadinglist装货清单M/R(mate’sreceipt)大副收据Stowageplan积载图航次时间报表货运质量报表SOF(stateoffact)装卸时间记录L/DNOR(loading/dischargingNoticeofReadiness)装（卸）货准备就绪通知书LOI(letterofindemnity)保证书Fuelconsumptionreport油耗报表insurancedocuments保险保赔单证Freight运费清单41.7PortTerms（港口常用词汇）bargeterminal驳船码头ferryterminal轮渡码头vehicleterminal汽车码头containerterminal集装箱码头oilterminal油码头petrochemicalterminal石油化工码头PortAuthority港务局MaritimePilotStation引航站MaritimeSafetyAdministration海事局GuangzhouPortControlCenter广州港通讯调度指挥中心VTS(vesseltrafficservice)船舶交通管理中心frontierinspectionstation边防检查站customs海关quarantineinspection检疫Entry&ExitQuarantineInspectionBureau出入境检验检疫局shipyard船厂powerplant电厂shipdockyard船坞portoperator港口经营人shipowner船东shipagent船代shipoperator船舶营运人pilotanchorage引航锚地Loading&UnloadingAnchorage装卸锚地Pilot&Quarantine&TyphoonshelteringAnchorage引航检疫防台锚地shoreline岸线portfacility港口设施berth泊位specializedberth专业泊位berthsforvesselsover10,000tonnage万吨级以上泊位mooringcapacity锚泊能力transshipmentoperations过驳作业cargoloadingandunloading货物装卸dangerousgoodsoperation危险货物作业berthorunberth,orshiftberths靠泊、离泊、移泊tideawaiting候潮jointinspections联检typhoonsheltering防台berthawaiting候泊coastalport沿海港口inlandriver内河fairway航道channel航道lightbuoy灯浮标navigationmarks航标storageyards库场preferredchannel推荐航路lightering过驳warehouse仓库packaging包装VesselsCarryingPollutingandHazardousGoods载运污染危险性货物的船舶Nuclear-poweredships核能（动力）船舶containerconsolidation集装箱装拆箱Vessel’sEntryand船舶进出港报告与5anddevanningExitReportandValidVisa签证warehousing仓储current流shipscarryingradioactivesubstances装载放射性物质的船舶tide潮汐Pilot’sEmbarkationandDisembarkationPosition引航员登（离）轮点meteorologicalcondition气象情况Tallyservice理货服务towingservice拖带服务lengthyandawkwardca