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考研消化内科专业英语Gastricmucosa胃粘膜gastricpits胃小凹refluxesophagitis反流性食管炎CastroesophagealRefluxDisease(GERD),胃食管反流病Barrett’sesophagusBarrett食管Helicopbacterpylori幽门螺杆菌loweresophagealsphincter食管下括约肌uppergastrointestinalhemorrhage上消化道出血Chronicatrophicgastritis慢性萎缩性胃炎Chronicsuperficialgastritis慢性浅表性胃炎intestinalmetaplasia肠化pangastritis全胃炎CanceroftheEsophagus,食道癌HiatalHernia,食管裂孔疝PepticUlcerDisease(PUD),消化性溃疡病parietalcell壁细胞protonpump质子泵kissingulcer对吻溃疡acutestressulcer急性应激性溃疡Gastrointestinalmucosa-associatedlymphoidtissuelymphoma胃粘膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤endoscopicretrogradecholangiopancreatography,ERCP内镜逆行胰胆管造影Cholelithiasis/Cholecystitis,胆石症/胆囊炎AcutePancreatitis,急性胰腺炎carcinomaofthePancreatitis胰腺癌primarycarcinomaoftheLier,原发性肝癌Hepaticencephalopathy肝性脑病hepaticcoma肝昏迷Appendicitis,阑尾炎inflammatoryboweldisease炎症性肠病RegionalEnteritis(Crohn’sDisease),局灶性肠炎UlceratieColitis,溃疡性结肠炎IntestinalObstruction,肠梗阻DierticularDisease,肠憩室疾病colorectalcancer大肠癌carcinoidoflargeintestine大肠类癌colorectallymphoma大肠恶性淋巴瘤melanosiscoli大肠黑变病Polyposis息肉病familypolyposiscoli家族性结肠息肉病Functionalgastrointestinaldisorder功能性胃肠病functionaldyspepsia功能性消化不良irritablebowelsyndrome肠易激综合征chronicdiarrhea慢性腹泻alcoholiclierdisease酒精性肝病autoimmunehepatitis自身免疫性肝炎cirrhosisoflier肝硬化Peritonitis,腹膜炎Hemorrhoids,痔疮Herniad,疝MedicalTerminology医学术语学(yixueshuyuxue)IntroductiontotheFirstEditionofMedicalTerminologyThisistoserveasanintroductiontomedicalterminologythatiscommonlyinusebytheEnglishspeakinginternationalmedicalcommunity.ThisbookisputtogetherwiththeChineselanguagespeakerinmindbutmaybeusedbyEnglishlanguagespeakerswhowishtofamiliarizethemselveswithChinesemedicalterminology.ItisnotintendedasareplacementforthearduousstudyoftheGreekandLatinlanguages,whicharethebasisofthemajorityofthewords,usedbytheEnglishspeakingmedicalcommunity,butratherasabeginninginlearningthemyriadofwordsandtermsinusebythemodernmedicalcommunity.Learningthetermspresentedinthisbookwillenablethestudenttounderstandmostofthewordsandexpressionsincurrentuse,andarmedwiththeknowledgeoftheconstructionofhowGreekandLatinwordsarecreatedshouldenablethereader,tobeabletoobtainacomprehensionofanynewmedicalvocabularyterms.ChinesehasbeenaddedtofacilitateabetterunderstandingfortheintendedChinesereader.Inthefirstpartofthebookthereaderisintroducedtotheconstructionofmedicalterms.Subsequentchaptersthendelveintothevariousmedicalfields,whichusetermsspecifictotheirdisciplines.AbbreviationsandtermsnotofGreekorLatinoriginareintroducedtofamiliarizethereaderwithadditionalidiosyncrasiesinEnglishMedicalTerminology.HowtoUnderstandMedicaltermsandExpressionsThefoundationformedicaltermsintheEnglishlanguagehasitrootsinthelanguagesofLatinandGreek.KnowledgeoftheselanguageswillgiveaChineseMedicalProfessionalamuchbetterunderstandingofanunfamiliarwordandorexpression.Conversely,theMedicalProfessionalwhomhasEnglish,astheirprimarylanguagewillbenefitfromseeingtheconstructionoftheChineseMedicalTerminologyintheirstudiesoftheChineselanguage.FamiliarizeyourselfwiththeLatin,GreekandFrenchworksinthisBookandyouwillbeabletounderstandthevastmajorityofmedicaltermsinuseintheEnglishlanguage.Whenyouencounterawordyouhaveneverseenbeforeyouwillbeabletounderstandit’smeaningby“dissecting”thewordandknowingitscomponentsandhowtheyareusedinotherwords.Englishbeingadynamiclanguagewillcontinuetoincorporatemorenewmedicaltermsandreplaceolderones,youneedtoprepareyourselfbyknowingthematerialcontainedwithinthismanual.MedicalterminologywordsandwordsofimportanceareinBoldscript.Sometimesadefinitionisgivenforthewordandthiswillbeinparentheses.Chineseisaddedtothosewords,whicharewritteninboldscript,tohelpthereaderunderstandtherelationshipbetweentheEnglishTerminologyandtheChineseTerminology.Pinyiniswrittenin(BlueItalicArialscript)withinparenthesis.AnExampleofthisformatisasfollows:Cardiology(thestudyoftheheart)心脏病学(xinzangbingxue)ObservehowinChinesethewordMyocarditis(inflamedmusclelayerofheart)心肌炎(xinjiyan)hasastructure,whichisnottoodissimilartotheEnglishwith心(xin)meaningheart,肌(ji)meaningmuscleand炎(yan)meaninginflammation.Usingthisworddissectiontechniquethenon-ChinesespeakercanfamiliarizethemselveswiththeChineseMedicalTerminology.HereisanotherexampletoillistratehownicelytheChineseconstructmedicalwords.TheChinesewordforbigis大(da)andIntestineis腸(chang).Andfromthepreviousexample炎(yan)isunderstoodtomeaninflammation.Sowhenyoustarttoputthemtogetherinwantingtosaylargeintestineyouhave大腸(dachang)andforcolitiswhichisaninflammationofthelargeintestineitissimply大肠炎(dachangyan).GenerallytherearethreebasicpartstoEnglishmedicalterms:WordRoot词根(cigen)Thisisthecentralmeaningofthetermandisusuallyinthemiddleofthemedicalterm.Prefix前缀(qianzhui)Seenatthethebeginningofthetermithelpstoidentifythecentralmeaning.Suffix后缀(houzhui)Alwaysattheendoftheterm,thesuffixmodifiesthecentralmeaningastowhatorwhoisinteractingwithitorwhatishappeningtoit.Hereisanexampleofhowtotakeapartawordtounderstandtheterm:Myocarditis心肌炎(xinjiyan)PrefixWordRootSuffixmyo=muscle肌(ji)card=heart心(xin)itis=inflammation炎(yan)MyoasthePrefixhelpstoidentifytheWordRootcard,andi
本文标题:消化内科词汇
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