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15770657971841第十章钻柱一.常用单词和短语drillingstring钻柱bit钻头cutter牙轮motorbit马达(高转速)钻头breakinbit磨合钻头bitdullgrading钻头磨钝分级nozzle喷嘴clipper钳子snapring水眼卡子centerjet中间喷嘴bitprogram钻头设计bitrecord钻头记录bitgauge钻头规bitsize钻头尺寸bitbreaker钻头盒子steelbit钢齿钻头insertbit镶齿钻头rockbit牙轮钻头PDCbit聚晶金刚石复合片钻头bitsub钻头接头shocksub减振器junk(boot)basket打捞杯drillcollar钻铤moneldrillcollar无磁钻铤stabilizer稳定器drillpipe钻杆HWDP=heavyweightdrillpipe加重钻杆drillingjar随钻震击器Kelly方钻杆TDS=topdrivesystem顶部驱动系统single单根stand立柱tooljoint接头二.阅读练习1.关于钻杆的往来函件1From:AhmedHamid自:阿哈默德·哈密德Sent:Wednesday,August08,200111:33AM发送:星期三,2001年8月8日,上午11:33To:LesLee;Rig5003至:莱斯·李Cc:MohammadBidi;Wang;MorrisSmith抄送:谟罕默德·比的,王,毛瑞斯·斯密斯Subject:WashoutofDPinRig03主题:03队刺钻杆Gents,先生们:15770657971842Wehaveexperienced3DPwashoutssofarinRig03,itisaveryseriousprobleminsuchacritical,deepanddirectionalwelllikethecaseinTaf-1well,everytimePOOHtocheckforwashout&LDofWOjointistimeconsumingandtheholeconditionwillgettingworstandthechanceandthepossibilityofgettingstuckwillbemore,bearinginmindhowmuchcostAnadrilldownholeequipmentincasewelostinhole.Yesterdaywe(Zuki&myself)hadameetingwithGWDC'sManager&hisassistant,theoutcomeofthemeetingisasfollows:目前03队已刺3根钻杆,在塔夫-1这样关键,深井并且是定向井的情况,每次起钻检查并甩掉刺穿的单根是非常费时的,并且井下状况将变得更糟,卡钻的可能性也更大,记住如果Anadrill的井下仪器落井将花费的成本。昨天我们(祖克和我)与长城钻井经理和他的助手开会,会议内容如下:1-OperationwillnotacceptanyfurtherWOandwemayfoundourselvesinapositiontochargeGWDCforanydowntimeduetowashout.作业部将不能接受更多的刺漏,我们将对由于刺钻杆引起的停工时间向长城钻井公司收费。2-GWDCisrequestedtocomeupwithreportexplainingwhathappeninginRig03inreferencetowashoutproblems.要求长城钻井公司对03队的刺钻杆问题作出解释。3-GWDCwasrequestedtocomeupwithDPRecordsforboththeNewonesandtheOldones.要求长城钻井公司出示新钻杆和旧钻杆的记录。Les,莱斯Weneedyourassistantinsupplyinguswiththefollowing:我们需要你帮助提供如下(情况):1-InSha-1wefacedthesameproblem,GWDChaschangedtheoldDPtonewDP,werequestedthemtomark&removetheoldDPfromRig03totheiryardinHeglig,DidtheyremovedtheoldDP?1-沙-1井我们曾遇到同样问题,长城钻井公司将就钻杆换为新钻杆,我们曾要求他们标出并移走03队的旧钻杆到黑格里,他们移走了旧钻杆么?2-IthinkiftheyruntheoldDPinhole,itistheirmistakeandwehavetopanelizethemforthedowntime.IftheexistingDParenewthenthequalityandthemanufacturingisquestionable,andimmediateDPchangetobrandnewwithgoodqualityshouldbedone.2-我想如果他们下了旧钻杆,那就是他们的错,我们不得不因停工时间对他们惩罚。如果现有钻杆是新的,那么质量和制造是可疑的,必须立即更换为高质量的新钻杆。Youropinionplease.请告知你的观点。Regards问候AhmedElias阿哈默德·埃拉斯157706579718432.关于钻杆的往来函件2From:LesLee自:莱斯·李Sent:Friday,August10,20017:54AM发送:星期五,2001年8月10日,上午7:54To:AhmedHamid;MohammadBidi至:阿哈默德·哈密德,谟罕默德·比的Cc:Rig03抄送:03队Subject:Rig03Drillpipehistory主题:03队钻杆历史GoodmorningAhmed.阿哈默德,早上好!BillandMalikhaveputanextensiveeffortintodeterminingthecauseofthewashoutsinthedrillpipeon03.WehavealsohadSmithInternationaldoaninspectiononthedrillpipeweareusing.ThereinspectionindicatesthatthestringistoAPlpremiumspec's.Thereisnoindicationofpittingonthetube,eitherinnerorouter.Iknowtheconsensusisthatthedrillpipeistheproblem,butIfavorBill'stheorythattheprobablecauseiserratictorqueforextendedperiodsoftime.Weareallawarethattheweightobservedontheweightindicatorwhiledrillingadirectionalwellisnotwhat'sactuallyonthebit.ApercentageofobservedweightisdistributedovertheIowsideofthehole.I'mnotsuggestingthatPDCbitscausedrillpipefailure/washouts,becauseifthatwasthecase,therewouldbenononthemarket.WhatIamsuggestingisthatifthisparticularbitrequiresavarianceof10-18Kbl/ftinordertodrill,wemaybecausingastressinthedrillstringatsomepointinthewellwherethedrillpipeisseeingmaximumcontactatthatgiventime.Hasanyonecomeupwithanyadditionaltheories?比尔和马力克已为找出03对刺钻杆的原因作出了很大努力。我们也请了斯密斯国际公司对我们正在使用的钻杆进行检验。他们的检验显示钻柱达到API优级规范。在管子的内外没有坑蚀的痕迹。我知道多数人的认为是钻杆的问题,但我支持比尔的观点,可能的原因是长时间的不稳定扭矩。我们都知道钻定向井时指重表看到的钻压不是实际施加到钻头的重量。看到重量的一定比例分配到井眼的低边。我认为不是PDC钻头引起的钻杆失效/刺穿,因为如果是这样的话,市场上将不会存在。我的意见是如果这一特殊的钻头要求钻进时需要10-18Kbl/ft的扭矩,可能在井眼的某些点引起钻柱的应力,在这些点钻杆的接触面积最大。有人提出其他的观点么?三.补充材料-钻头磨损等级分类USEDBITDULLGRADINGSYSTEMFORMATANDCODES旧钻头磨损等级系列尺寸和代号(见表10-1)15770657971844表10-1旧钻头磨损等级系列尺寸和代号Cuttingstructure切削结构BGRemarks备注内排innerrows外排Outerrows磨损特征DullCharacterristics位置Location轴承和密封Bearing/seals保径Gage1/16in英寸其它磨损Otherdull起因ReasonpulledTable1表1Table1表1Table2表2Table3表3Table4表4Table5表5Table2表2Table6表6Table1表1Inner:inner2/3Ofbit内:钻头内面的2/3Outer:Outer1/3Ofbit外;钻头外面的1/30:Nowear无磨损...8:NousableCuttingstructure不能用的切削结构Table2表2BC=BrokenCone牙轮破裂BT=BrOkenTeeth/CUtterS齿、刃断裂BU=Balledup泥包*CC=CrackedCone牙轮破裂*CD=ConeDragged牙轮卡死CI=ConeInterferenCe牙轮互咬CR=Cored取心、夹心.CT=ChippedTeeth/CUtters齿、刃掉块ER=EroslOn腐蚀FC=FIatCrestedwear平顶磨损HC=HeatCheccking烧钻JD=JunkDamage落物磨损·*LC=LostCone牙乾脱落LN=LostNozzle喷嘴脱落15770657971845LT=LostTeeth/cutterS齿、刃脱落OC=Off-Centerwear偏心磨损PB=PinchedBit钻头受挤PN=PluggedNozzle/flowpassage喷嘴和流径堵塞RG=RoundedGauge保径磨圆RO=RingOut密封环脱落SD=ShirttailDamage牙爪下部磨损SS=SelfSharpeningwear自锐磨损TR=Tracking刮痕WO=Washedoutbit钻头冲蚀WT=Wornteeth/cutterS齿、刃磨损NO=Nomajor/otherdullharacterisbcs无主要和其它磨损特征*Showconenumher(S)Underlocation.*其后注明锥体或牙轮数。Table3表3Fixedcutterbits固刃钻头Rollerconebits牙轮钻头C=Cone锥体N=Nose(row)锥顶(排)T=Taper锥面S=Shoulder台肩G=Gauge保径A=Allareas/rows所有的面或排M=Heelrow边缘排N=Noserows顶排cone1M=Middlerows中排2H=Heelrows边缘排3A=AHrows各排cone锥体nose锥顶Taper锥面shoulder台肩gage保径15770657971846Table4表4Nonsealed
本文标题:第10章钻柱
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