毕业论文-基于AT89C51单片机的转速测量仪设计

青岛理工大学毕业论文题目：基于AT89C51单片机的转速测量仪设计学生姓名：学生学号：院系名称：机电工程系专业班级：机电一体化107班指导教师：2013年6月15日青岛理工大学毕业论文I摘要在工程实践中，经常会遇到各种需要测量转速的场合，测量转速的方法分为模拟式和数字式两种。模拟式采用测速发电机为检测元件，得到的信号是模拟量。数字式通常采用光电编码器、霍尔元件等为检测元件，得到的信号是脉冲信号。随着微型计算机的广泛应用，特别是高性能价格比的单片机的出现，转速测量普遍采用以单片机为核心的数字式测量方法。本文便是运用AT89C51单片机控制的智能化转速测量仪。电机在运行过程中，需要对其进行监控，转速是一个必不可少的一个参数。本系统就是对电机转速进行测量，并可以和PC机进行通信，显示电机的转速，并观察电机运行的基本状况。本设计主要用AT89C51作为控制核心，由霍尔传感器、LED数码显像管、HIN232CPE电平转换及RS232构成。详细介绍了单片机的测量转速系统及PC机与单片机之间的串行通讯。充分发挥了单片机的性能。本文重点是测量速度并显示在5位LED数码管上。其优点硬件是电路简单，软件功能完善，测量速度快、精度高、控制系统可靠，性价比较高等特点。关键词：MSC-51单片机，转速，传感器青岛理工大学毕业论文IIABSTRACTIntheprojectpractice,wewillmeeteachkindtoneedfrequentlytosurveytherotationalspeedthesituation,thesurveyrotationalspeedmethoddividesintothesimulationtypeandthedigitaltwokinds.Thesimulationtypeusesmeasuredthatthefastgeneratoristhedetectingelement,obtainsthesignalsimulatesthequantity.Digitalusuallyusestheelectro-opticalencoder,theHallpartandsoonisthedetectingelement,obtainsthesignalisthesignalimpulse.Alongwithmicrocomputer'swidespreadapplication,speciallyhighperformancepricecomparedtomonolithicintegratedcircuit'sappearance,thetachometricsurveyusesgenerallytakethemonolithicintegratedcircuitasthecoredigitalmeasuringtechniqueIgraduatedfromtheDesignoftheissueiscontroloftheintelligentuseofSCMspeedmeasuringinstrument.Thesystemisthemotorspeedmeasurement,andPCandcancommunicatethatthemotorspeed,andtoobservethemotorrunningthebasicsituation.ThemaindesignAT89C51controlasthecore,bytheHallsensor,LEDdigitalCRT,HIN232CPE-levelconversion,andaRS232.DetailedmeasurementsofthespeedoftheSCMsystemandPCandtheserialcommunicationbetweenthemicrocontroller.GivefullplaytotheperformanceoftheSCM.ThispaperistomeasurethespeedanddisplayedinfiveLEDdigitalpipe.Theadvantageofasimplehardwareandsoftwarecapabilitiesimprove,measuringspeed,highprecisionandcontrolsystemreliable,cost-effectiveandsoon.KEYWORDS：MSC-51One-chipcomputer,Sensor,Tachometer青岛理工大学毕业论文III目录摘要...............................................................................................................................IABSTRACT.........................................................................................................................II前言..............................................................................................................................1第1章绪论................................................................................................................21.1课题的研究背景....................................................................................................21.2课题研究的目的和意义........................................................................................21.3转速测量在国内外的研究....................................................................................31.4主要内容................................................................................................................4第2章系统功能分析....................................................................................................52.1系统功能概述........................................................................................................52.2系统要求及主要内容............................................................................................52.3系统技术指标........................................................................................................6第3章系统总体设计....................................................................................................73.1转速测量的一般方法............................................................................................73.2硬件电路设计思路................................................................................................93.3软件设计思路....................................................9第4章硬件电路设计..................................................................................................114.1单片机模块..........................................................................................................114.1.1处理执行元件...............................................................................................114.1.2时钟电路.......................................................................................................144.1.3复位电路.......................................................................................................154.1.4显示电路.......................................................................................................164.1.5HD7279接口..................................................................................................184.1.6键盘电路.......................................................................................................214.2霍尔传感器简介..................................................................................................224.2.1霍尔器件概述...............................................................................................224.2.2霍尔传感器的应用.......................................................................................224.2.3AH41霍尔开关........................................................................................