自行车里程表设计【毕业论文+文献综述+开题报告】

（2011届）毕业设计题目：自行车里程表设计姓名：专业：电子信息工程班级：学号：指导教师：导师职称：年月日I自行车里程表的设计摘要在自行车行驶的过程当中，自行车里程表是为使用者及时的提供动态驾驶信息的重要仪表，它的性能好坏直接的影响了交通和人身安全。传统机械式里程表由于受装置元件的影响，使得在车辆高速行驶的时候，造成里程表指示的不稳定，反映迟钝甚至失效。使车辆使用者不能及时的准确的收集到车辆的实时信息，从而无法掌握车辆的行驶状态，容易造成交通事故和威胁到人身安全。在电动自行车越来越多的同时，避免因车速原因而所造成事故的需要性越来越迫切，所以对里程表进行更有效的设计是很重要的。本设计所介绍的自行车里程表是基于AT89C52单片机和霍尔传感器的车速和里程测量系统。同时，本设计还采用了4位数码管显示模块以及按键切换显示模块；运用KeilC51编程软件工具进行软件部分的设计。本文介绍的速度与里程表设计以单片机和霍尔传感器为核心，传感器将不同车速转变成的不同频率的脉冲信号输入到单片机进行控制与计算再采用LED模块进行显示使得电动自行车的速度与里程数据能直观的显示给使用者。关键词：单片机,霍尔传感器，数码管显示，里程表IITheDesignofBicycleOdometerAbstractIntheprocessofmovingbicycles,bicycleodometerisforuserstoprovidetimelyinformationonimportantdynamicdrivinginstrument,itsperformancehasadirectimpactontrafficandpersonalsafety.Traditionalmechanicalodometerduetotheimpactofflexibleshaftmakeshigh-speeddriving,causinginstabilityodometerdirections,reflectingthesloworevenfail.Thevehicleusercannotbetimelyandaccuratereal-timeinformationcollectedfromvehicles,whichcannotgraspthestateofthevehicle,couldeasilyleadtoaccidentsandthreatstopersonalsafety.Atthesametimemoreandmoreelectricbicycle,toavoidaccidentscausedbyspeedbecauseofmorepressingneeds,sotheodometerformoreeffectivedesignisveryimportant.ThedesignpresentedisbasedonAT89C52microcontrollerbicycleodometerandHallsensorspeedandmileagemeasurementsystem.Atthesametime,thisdesignalsofeaturesfourdigitaldisplayandkeyswitchmoduledisplaymodule;usingKeilC51programmingsoftwaretoolssoftwarepartofthedesign.Thisarticlefirstintroducestheodometerthatspeedthedevelopmentofthetrendsandthefuturestatus;Secondly,introducedtheoutstandingadvantagesofthisdesign;thentheworkrequirementsundertheodometerchoosetherightofthesensor,microcontrollerDengcomponents;TongShi,accordingtotheuseofodometertodesigntheappropriatehardwareschematics;Finally,thehardwaredesignandsoftwaredesignprocesscorrespondingKeywords:Microcontroller,Hallsensor,Digitaltubedisplay,OdometerIII目录摘要............................................................................................................................I第一章绪论..................................................................................................................11.1课题的来源......................................................................................................11.2车速里程表的国内外现状及发展趋势...........................................................11.3小结...................................................................................................................3第二章自行车里程表系统..........................................................................................42.1车辆常用里程表比较.......................................................................................42.2常用传感器里程表比较...................................................................................42.2.1基于能变磁阻式的传感器里程表.........................................................42.2.2基于霍尔效应式传感器里程表.............................................................42.3霍尔传感器突出的优点...................................................................................52.4小结...................................................................................................................5第三章自行车里程表的硬件设计..............................................................................73.1具体硬件电路及工作原理...............................................................................73.2其他外围硬件电路...........................................................................................83.2.1电源电路.................................................................................................83.2.2位串行静态显示电路.............................................................................83.3单片机的选用.................................................................................................113.3.1单片机的选用.......................................................................................113.3.2AT89C52单片机简介..........................................................................113.4传感器的选用.................................................................................................123.4.1传感器的选用原则...............................................................................123.4.2传感器的选用.......................................................................................133.4.3霍尔传感器介绍..................................................................................133.5系统概述.........................................................................................................163.6小结.................................................................................................................16第四章自行车里程表的软件设计............................................................................174.1系统软件总体设计.........................................................................................174.2系统软件模块框图.........................................................................................184.2.1数据处理...............................................................................................194.2.2键盘控制................................................