标准C语言头文件

标准C语言头文件ISOC标准定义的头文件(24项)assert.h验证程序断言complex.h支持复数算术运算ctype.h字符类型errno.h出错码fenv.h浮点环境float.h浮点常量inttypes.h整型格式转换iso646.h替代关系操作符宏limits.h实现常量locale.h局部类别math.h数学常量setjmp.h非局部gotosignal.h信号stdarg.h可变参数表stdbool.h布尔类型和值stddef.h标准定义stdint.h整型stdio.h标准I/O库stdlib.h实用程序库函数string.h字符串操作tgmath.htime.h时间和日期wchar.h宽字符支持wctype.hPOSIX标准定义的必须的头文件(26项)dirent.h目录项fcntl.h文件控制fnmatch.hglob.h路径名模式匹配类型grp.h组文件netdb.hpwd.h口令文件regex.h正则表达式tar.htermios.h终端I/Ounistd.h符号常量utime.hwordexp.h字扩展类型arpa/inet.hInternet定义netinet/in.hInternet地址族netinet/tcp.h传输控制协议sys/mman.hsys/select.hselect函数sys/socket.h套接字接口sys/stat.hsys/times.h进程时间sys/types.h基本系统数据类型sys/un.hsys/utsname.h系统名sys/wait.h进程控制POSIX标准定义的XSI扩展头文件(26项)cpio.hcpio归档值dlfcn.h动态链接fmtmsg.hftw.h文件树漫游iconv.h代码集转换实用程序libgen.h模式匹配函数定义monetary.h货币类型ndbm.hnl_types.h消息类别poll.h轮询函数search.hstrings.h字符串操作syslog.h系统出错日志记录ulimit.h用户限制utmpx.h用户帐户数据库sys/ipc.hsys/msg.h消息队列sys/resource.h资源操作sys/sem.hsys/shm.h共享存储sys/statvfs.h文件系统信息sys/timeb.h附加的时间sys/uio.h矢量I/O操作POSIX标准定义的可选头文件(8项)aio.h异步I/Omqueue.h消息队列pthread.hsched.h执行调度semaphore.h信号量spawn.hstropts.hXSISTREAMS接口trace.h时间跟踪通用类型数学宏宽字符分类和映射支持文件名匹配类型网络数据库操作tar归档值文件时间net/if.h套接字本地接口内存管理声明文件状态UNIX域套接字定义消息显示结构langinfo.h语言信息常量数据库操作搜索表ucontext.h用户上下文IPC信号量sys/time.h时间类型线程实时spawn接口algorithmSTL通用算法bitsetSTL位集容器cassert用于在程序运行时执行断言cctype字符处理cerrno错误码cfloat用于测试浮点类型属性ciso646ISO646变体字符集climits测试整数类型属性clocale本地化函数cmath数学函数complex复数类csetjmp执行非内部的goto语句csignal信号cstdarg访问参数数量变化的函数cstddef用于定义实用的类型和宏cstdio输入/输出cstdlib杂项函数及内存分配cstring字符串ctime时间cwchar宽字符处理及输入/输出cwctype宽字符分类dequeSTL双端队列容器exception异常处理类fstreamfunctionalSTL函数对象iomanip参数化输入/输出iosiosfwd输入/输出前置声明iostream数据流输入/输出istreamiterator遍历序列的类limits各种数据类型最值常量locale国际化支持mapSTL映射容器memorynew基本内存分配和释放numeric通用的数字操作ostreamqueueSTL队列容器setSTL集合容器sstreamstackSTL堆栈容器stdexcept标准异常类streambufstring字符串类strstream非内存字符序列的流类typeinfoutilitySTL通用模板类valarray支持值数组的类和模版类标准C++附加的头文件(3个)非必须hash_maphash_setslist文件流基本输入/输出支持基本输入流listSTL线性列表容器专用内存分配器基本输出流基于字符串的流iostream的缓冲区类运行时类型标识STL动态数组容器vector第2/4页TheStandardC++libraryconsistsof51requiredheaders.Thisimplementationalsoincludesthreeadditionalheaders,hash_map,hash_set,andslist,notrequiredbytheC++Standard,foratotalof54headers.Ofthese54headers,16constitutetheStandardTemplateLibrary,orSTL.Theseareindicatedbelowwiththenotationalgorithm--(STL)fordefiningnumeroustemplatesthatimplementusefulalgorithmsbitsetdeque--fordefiningatemplateclassthatadministerssetsofbits--(STL)fordefiningatemplateclassthatimplementsadequecontainercomplex--fordefiningatemplateclassthatsupportscomplexarithmeticexception--fordefiningseveralfunctionsthatcontrolexceptionhandlingfstream--fordefiningseveraliostreamstemplateclassesthatmanipulateexteralfilesfunctional--(STL)fordefiningseveraltemplatesthathelpconstructpredicatesforthetemplatesdefinedinalgorithmandnumerichash_map--(STL)fordefiningtemplateclassesthatimplementhashedassociativecontainersthatmapkeystovalueshash_set--(STL)fordefiningtemplateclassesthatimplementhashedassociativecontainersiomanip--fordeclaringseveraliostreamsmanipulatorsthattakeanargumentiosiosfwd--fordefiningthetemplateclassthatservesasthebaseformanyiostreamsclasses--fordeclaringseveraliostreamstemplateclassesbeforetheyarenecessarilydefinediostream--fordeclaringtheiostreamsobjectsthatmanipulatethestandardstreamsistream--fordefiningthetemplateclassthatperformsextractionsiterator--(STL)fordefiningseveraltemplatesthathelpdefineandmanipulateiteratorslimitslistlocalemap--fortestingnumerictypeproperties--(STL)fordefiningatemplateclassthatimplementsadoublylinkedlistcontainer--fordefiningseveralclassesandtemplatesthatcontrol--(STL)fordefiningtemplateclassesthatimplementassociativecontainersthat--(STL)fordefiningseveraltemplatesthatallocateandfreestorageforvarious--fordeclaringseveralfunctionsthatallocateandfreestoragelocale-specificbehavior,asintheiostreamsclassesmapkeystovaluesmemorynewcontainerclassesnumeric--(STL)fordefiningseveraltemplatesthatimplementusefulnumericfunctionsostream--fordefiningthetemplateclassthatperformsinsertionsqueuesetsliststack--(STL)fordefiningatemplateclassthatimplementsaqueuecontainer--(STL)fordefiningtemplateclassesthatimplementassociativecontainers--(STL)fordefiningatemplateclassthatimplementsasinglylinkedlistcontainer--(STL)fordefiningatemplateclassthatimplementsastackcontainersstream--fordefiningseveraliostreamstemplateclassesthatmanipulatestringcontainersstdexcept--fordefiningseveralclassesusefulforreportingexceptionsstreambuf--fordefiningtemplateclassesthatbufferiostreamsoperationsstring--fordefiningatemplateclassthatimplementsastringcontainersequencesstrstream--fordefiningseveraliostreamsclassesthatmanipulatein-memorycharactertypeinfo--ford