建筑设计中英文对照

●房屋各部分Partsofhouse屋面roof屋脊ridge坡屋顶pitchedroof单坡屋顶pentroof,lean-toroof人字屋顶gableroof四坡顶hippedroof屋面排水沟valley卷材防水屋面membraneroof找平层screed-coat防水层damp-proofcourse泛水flashing屋顶层garret阁楼penthouse,loft,attic天台roof-deck晒台dryingstage组合烟囱chimneystack屋檐eave屋面排水roofingdrainage檐沟，明沟gutter水落管down-pipe,downspout雨棚canopy,awning柱廊colonnade走廊corridor中庭atrium山墙gable女儿墙parapet山花pediment隅石砌quoins阳台balcony,veranda阳台栏杆balustrade阳台栏杆柱baluster,banister平台terrace台阶steps梯子ladder梯级step楼梯staircase(＝step)楼梯踏步平板tread楼梯踏步竖板riser楼梯休息平台landing直角转弯平台quarter-spacelanding梯宽runofstair梯高riseofstair楼梯扶手rail,railing回转梯corkscrewstaircase，caracole踏步突沿nosing窗子window百叶窗blinds,louvers旋转窗balancewindow平开窗，窗叶casement窗扇sash中旋窗awningwindow上下推拉窗double-hungwindow屋顶通气窗clerestory门窗亮子transom窗框windowframe窗台sill，cill采光顶sunroof天窗sunlight老虎窗dormer-window通风窗ventlight落地窗Frenchwindow墙壁wall承重墙bearingwall隔间partition空心墙cavitywall防火隔断(分区)compartmentation剪力墙shearpanel墙裙wainscot窗间墙pier幕墙curtainwall电梯elevator,lift自动扶梯escalator地板，楼面floor夹层楼面entresol，mezzanine楼座balcony楼板slab天花板ceiling壁炉andiron，fireplace，grate地下室basement防火fire-cut防火门firedoor耐热涂料heat-resistingpaints绝热heatinsulation门槛head-rail,sill柱子column，post，pillar柱头columncap,head斜撑kneebrace悬索catenary梁beam基础梁gradebeam钢板梁plategirder工字梁I-beam过梁lintel,lintol,head椽子purlin基础foundation碎石垫层hardcore混凝土地基concretefoundation基座、柱础pedestal独立基础isolatedfooting放大基础spreadingfooting条形基础stripfooting筏式基础matfoundation浮筏基础floatingfoundation沉箱基础caisson化粪池cesspool,septictank伸缩缝expansionjoint冷桥thermalbridge散水wash,apron披水板weathering-board桁架truss组合桁架compositetruss框架framework模板formwork拱券arch穹顶dome平拱flatarch筒拱vault,vaultedroof半圆穹顶concha瓦shingle,tile砖brick瓷砖ceramictile玻璃砖glassblocks大理石marble花岗岩granite水磨石terrazzo砌块masonry混凝土concrete预制混凝土pre-ｃａｓｔconcrete钢筋混凝土reinforcedconcrete钢筋steelreinforcement水泥cement抹灰，灰泥plaster,stucco熟石灰hydrateoflime,slaked-lime砂浆mortar抹灰层floatedcoat饰面finish木砖grounds,timberbrick石膏gypsum石膏板plasterslab夹胶玻璃plyglass胶合板plywood,clip-board脚手架scaffolding悬臂cantilever叠涩，牛腿corbel遮阳sunshading●制图与构图用语草图sketch,draft图纸drawing施工图workingdrawings工程project方案plan总图grid总平面site平面floor立面elevation正立面facade剖面section详图detail门厅上部upperfoyer比例尺scale=透视图，表现图rendering透视perspective轴测isometricperspectiveAxonometricprojection轴线axis建筑面积floorarea,architecturearea相对标高relativeelevation/level层高，净空headroom,headway室内interior室外exterior室内装修interiordecoration装饰ornament广场square,plaza,publicsquare流线circulation解构deconstruction空间space,spatial比例proportion统一unity均衡balance协调harmony尺度scale韵律rhythm风格style功能function关系relationship●房屋House高层建筑high-risebuilding社区housingcomplex家舍house茅舍cottage平房one-storyhouse，bungalow，plain-house二楼two-storyhouse公寓(建筑)apartmenthouse公寓(房间)apartment(flat)(英)别墅villa花园洋房gardenhouse寄宿舍dormitory(美)供膳出租房间boardandlodging出租房间roomforrent(美)乡村旅舍countryinn供膳寄宿舍boardinghouse大厦mansions,edifice大楼building预制装配式房屋pre-fabricatehouse小木屋shack一个单元oneunit车库garage报告厅auditorium,lecturehall多功能厅multi-usehall阅览室browsingroom,readingroom茶室refreshmentroom操作间cab,utilityroom●居住Dwelling套房suit主人套房mastersuit门厅，前厅lobby大厅hall,mainhall过厅gallery起居间livingRM，familyRM聚会厅gatheringRM，keepingRM休息厅lounge,sittingRM客厅parlor衣帽间cloakroom更衣、衣橱间walk-in-closet,W.I.C.厨房kitchen餐厅dinningroom早餐厅nook,breakfastroom食品、餐具间pantry,butlery浴室，洗手间bathroom盥洗室toiletroom卫生间watercloset,W.C.前室，门厅foyer寝室，卧房bedroom主人房masterbedroom书斋，书房study,library工作室，画室studio私室，书斋den化妆室boudoir,dressingRM,powderRM婴儿室nursery客房guestroom壁厨closet,ambry洗衣间laundryroom地窖cellar储藏室storage健身房exerciseRM服务入口serviceentry换鞋处mudroom游艺室gamesroom活动室activitiesroom音乐室musicalcove工人房maidbedroom台球室billiardsroom温室greenhouse●家具Furniture方桌squaretable圆桌roundtable长方桌rectangletable伸缩桌extensiontable小桌sidetable凳子stool有肘的椅子armchair摇椅，安乐椅rockingchair藤椅rattanchair塑料椅plasticchair帆布椅deckchair折椅foldingchair沙发sofa长椅couch桌子，餐桌table玻璃桌子glasstable塑料桌子acrylictable木制饭桌wooden-table