有色冶金专业英语

1有色冶金专业英语2Lesson3OreDressingOredressing选矿Concentratev.富积，浓缩，集聚n.精矿，浓缩物Concentrationn.集中，浓缩，浓度Acidconcentration酸浓度Bulkn.正体，主体，团块Ganguen.脉石，尾矿，矿脉中的夹杂物Tailingn.尾矿Severancen.分离，隔离，碎散Beneficiationn.分选Comminutionn.粉碎Run-of-minen.原矿Middlingn.中矿Liberationn.解离Crushn.v.粉碎，碾碎，挤压Grindn.v.研磨，磨细Screenn.v.筛，筛分Jiggingn.跳选，跳汰选Handpicking手选Lustern.光泽，光亮v.闪光，发光Specificgravity比重Magneticpermeability磁导率Inductivecharging感应电荷Electrostaticseparation静电分离Fracturen.断口，裂缝Automaticsortingofradioactivenatures放射性自动选矿Magnituden.大小，尺寸，量级，强度，等级Magneticseparation磁选Magneticfield磁场Gravityconcentration重力选矿Mediumn.介质，媒介，中间物，培养基Dilatev.（使）膨胀，扩张，扩大Dilatedbed松散床层Dilationn.膨胀系数，传播，伸缩，蔓延Lipn.凸出部分，唇部Diverseadj.不同的，互异的，各种各样的Tablen.摇床，淘汰盘Tabling摇床选，淘汰选Motionn.运动，输送，行程，机械装置，运动机构Sink-floatseparation重介质分选Suspensionn.悬浮物，悬浮液Conen.圆锥体，锥形漏斗，圆锥破碎机Stirn.v.移动，摇动，搅拌Stirrern.搅拌器，搅拌机Rotaryadj.旋转的，回转的，转动的Circumferencen.圆周，周边Rotatingmotion旋转装置，旋转设备Floatationn.浮选Pulpn.矿浆，浆料v.制浆，浆化Sluicen.槽，排水道，水槽Frothfloatation泡沫浮选Hematiten.赤铁矿Pyrolusiten.软锰矿Diamondn.金刚石Graphiten.石墨3Oredressingconcernswiththetechnologyoftreatmentoforestoconcentratetheirvaluableconstituents(minerals)intoproducts(concentrate)ofsmallerbulk,andsimultaneouslytocollecttheworthlessmaterial(gangue)intodiscardablewaste(tailing).Thefundamentaloperationsofore-dressingprocessesarethebreakingapartoftheassociatedconstituentsoftheorebymechanicalmeans(severance)andtheseparationoftheseveredcomponents(beneficiation)intoconcentrateandtailing,usingmechanicalorphysicalmethodswhichdonoteffectsubstantialchemicalchanges.1Severance.Comminutionisasingle,ormultistageprocesseswherebyoreisreducedfromrun-of-minesizetothatsizeneededbythebeneficiationprocesses.Theprocessisintendedtodetailedcontrol,aclassofparticlescontainingbothmineralandgangue(middlingparticles)arealsoproduced.Thesmallerthepercentageofmiddlingthegreaterthedegreeofliberation.Comminutionisdividedintocrushing(downto6-to14-mush)andgrinding(downtomicronsize).Crushingisusuallydoneinthreestages:coarsecrushingfromrun-of-minesizeto4-6in.,orcoarser;intermediatecrushingdowntoabout1/2in.;andfinecrushingto1/4in.orless.Screenisamethodofsizingwherebygradedproductsareproduced,theindividualparticlesineachgradebeingofnearlythesamesize.Inbeneficiation,screeningispracticedfortworeasons:asandintegralpartoftheseparateonprocess,forexample,injigging,andtoproduceafeedofsuchsizerangeasiscompatiblewiththeapplicabilityoftheseparationprocess.Beneficiation.Thisstepconsistsoftwofundamentaloperations:thedeterminationthatanindividualparticleiseitheramineraloragangueparticle(selection);andthemovementofselectedparticlesviadifferentpaths(separation)intotheconcentrateandtailingproducts.2Whenmiddlingparticlesoccur,theywilleitherbeselectedaccordingtotheirmineralcontentandthencausedtoreportasconcentrateortailing,orbeseparatedasathirdproduct(middling).3Inthelattercase,themiddlingisregroundtoachievefurtherliberation,andtheproductisfedbackintothestreamofmaterialbeingtreated.Selectionsbaseduponsomephysicalorchemicalpropertyinwhichthemineralandgangueparticlesdifferinkindordegreeorboth.Thusinpicking,theoldformofbeneficiation,color,luster,andshapeareusedtodecidewhetheralumpoforeispredominantlymineralorgangue.Useismadeofdifferencesinotherphysicalorchemicalproperties,suchasspecificgravity,magneticpermeability,inductivecharging(electrostaticseparation),surfacechemicalproperties,bulkchemicalproperties,weakplanesoffracture(separationbyscreening),andgamma-rayemission(automaticsortingofradioactivenature).Separationisachievedbysubjectingeachparticleofthemixturetoasetofforcesthatisusuallythesameirrespectiveofthenatureoftheparticlesexceptingfortheforcebaseduponthediscriminatingproperty.Thisforcemaybepresentforbothmineralandgangueparticlesbutdifferinginmagnitude,oritmaybepresentforonetypeofparticleandabsentfortheother.Asaresultofthisdifferenceseparationis4possible,andtheparticlesarecollectedasconcentrateortailing.Magneticseparationutilizestheforceexertedbyamagneticfielduponmagneticmaterialstocounteractpartiallyorwhollytheeffectofgravity.Thusundertheactionofthesetwoforcesdifferentpathsareproducedforthemagneticandnonmagneticparticles.Gravityconcentrationisbasedonadiscriminatingforce,themagnitudeofwhichvarieswithspecificgravity.Theotherforcethatisusuallyoperatingingravitymethodsistheresistancetorelativemotionexertedupontheparticlesbythefluidorsemi-fluidmediuminwhichseparationtakesplaceJiggingisagravitymethodthatseparatesmineralfromgangueparticlebyutilizinganeffectivedifferenceinsettlingratethroughaperiodicallydilatedbed.Duringthedilationheavierparticlesworktheirwaytothebottomwhilethelighterparticlesremainontopandaredischargedoverthelip.Jiggingispracticedonmaterialsthatareliberateduponbeingreducedtosizesrangingfrom3/2in.,downtoseveralmillimeters.Ithasbeenusedonsuchdiverseoresascoal,ironores,goldandleadores.Tablingisagravitymethodinwhichthefeed,introducedontoaninclinedplaneandreciprocateddeck,movesinthedirectionofmotionwhilesimultaneouslybeingwashedbyawaterfilmwhichmovesitalsoatrightanglestothemotionofthedeck.4Theheaviermineral