浅析刑事冤假错案的成因及防范

浅析刑事冤假错案的成因及防范摘要伴随着国家的不断发展与社会的不断进步，我们的法制建设工作也开始变得越来越成熟。然而，在近年来频频被曝光在大众目光下的多起冤案和错案不难看出，我国的司法程序仍然存在着诸多的不足之处，例如法律文化因素不完善、司法环境不和谐以及辩护律师的职能过于弱化等等。为了能够尽快的解决和改善我国当前司法体制中所出现的这些问题，国家政法委与最高人民法院都相继出台了有关于刑事冤假错案的防范对策。本篇文章以浙江省发生的叔侄冤案为主要切入点，同时结合了我国当前的立法现状进行了深入的研究。文章共可分成四个主要部分，其中第一个部分主要是对浙江叔侄冤案案情的回顾与分析；第二部分是对刑事冤错案有关概念以及界定范围的介绍；第三部分结合了我国当前的司法环境对冤假错案的成因进行了列举；第四部分的主要内容则是刑事冤假错案的几点预防对策。关键词：刑事冤假错案；叔侄冤案；法律证据AnalysisoftheCausesandPreventionofcriminalinjusticesAbstractWiththecontinuousdevelopmentandsocialprogressofthecountry,ourlegalsystemconstructionworkbegantobecomemoreandmoremature.However,inrecentyearsfrequentlybeenexposedinthepubliceyemorethaninjusticeandwrongcasesisnotdifficulttoseethatChina'sjudicialprocesstherearestillmanyshortcomings,suchasinadequatelegalandculturalfactors,legalenvironmentofdiscordanddefensecounselfunctionsandsotooweakened.Tobeabletoaddressandimproveourcurrentjusticesystemarisingfromtheseissuesassoonaspossible,theNationalPoliticalandLawCommissionandtheSupremeCourthaveissuedpreventivemeasuresareaboutmiscarriagesofjusticeincriminal.ThisarticlenephewinjusticetooccurinZhejiangProvinceisthemainentrypoint,combinedwiththecurrentsituationofChina'scurrentlegislationconductedin-depthresearch.Thearticleisdividedintofourmainparts,thefirstpartofwhichisinZhejiangnephewinjusticeofthecasereviewandanalysis;thesecondpartisabouttheconceptofthecriminalinjusticeandwrongcasetodefinethescopeofthepresentation;thirdpartofourcurrentThelegalenvironmentforcausesofmiscarriagesofjusticehavebeencited;fourthpartofthemaincontentisafewpreventivemeasurescriminalmiscarriagesofjustice.Keywords:criminalinjustices;nephewinjustice;legalevidence目录摘要................................................................................................................................1关键词............................................................................................................................1Abstract..........................................................................................................................2Keywords.......................................................................................................................2第1章引言..................................................................................................................4第2章案例及其引发的思考......................................................................................42.1案例回顾.........................................................................................................42.2案例引发的思考.............................................................................................5第3章刑事冤假错案的界定.....................................................................................6第4章刑事冤假错案的主要成因..............................................................................74.1法律文化因素的影响.....................................................................................74.2不良司法环境的影响.....................................................................................84.2.1党政权利部门的不良干预..................................................................84.2.2民意舆论的负面影响..........................................................................84.3辩护律师辩护职能的弱化.............................................................................84.3.1缺少职业操守......................................................................................94.3.2参与积极性较差..................................................................................94.4证据意识单薄且证明标准过于简化..............................................................94.4.1定案证据不充分...........................................................................................94.4.2无罪证据被忽视................................................................................10第5章刑事冤假错案的预防对策............................................................................105.1重塑新诉讼理念...........................................................................................105.2优化司法环境...............................................................................................115.2.1确保检查权于审判权的独立性........................................................115.2.2减少民意舆论对诉讼过程的干扰....................................................115.3提高律师与司法人员的综合素质...............................................................125.3.1提高司法人员的综合素质................................................................125.3.2提升律师的业务能力........................................................................125.4充分利用科技的力量...................................................................................135.5完善证据制度...............................................................................................13第6章结束语............................................................................................................14致谢..............................................................................................................................15参考文献......................................................................................................................15第1章引言公平与正义是国家