浅谈汽车尾气污染与治理

郑州交通职业学院毕业论文论文题目：浅谈汽车尾气污染与治理所属系别车辆工程系专业班级汽车制造与装配技术4班姓名蒋浩浩学号指导教师陈晓静撰写日期2014年05月摘要随着汽车工业的迅速发展，我国的汽车保有量急剧增加，汽车废气对空气的污染已成为严重的社会公害。在汽车密集的城市，汽车排放污染对人们的生活环境造成了极大的影响，严重地威胁到人们的身心健康，同时也危害着一些动、植物的生存和生长，破坏了自然界的生态平衡。因此，解决汽车的排气污染成为亟待认真研究的重要课题。本文对汽车废气的污染物种类及其危对健康的危害进行分析。面对环境污染的严峻形势探讨了开发新能源，发展低污染环保型交通工具的可能性。主要通过对汽车尾气排放的危害物及影响，汽车油品负荷转速以及从技术上免除或减少汽车尾气的排放，客观理性的让读者认识汽车尾气排放的危害。最后，基于对中国城市的特点，提出了预防和减轻汽车尾气污染的措施。关键词：汽车尾气，大气污染，治理措施，现状，对策AbstractWiththerapiddevelopmentofautomobileindustry，China'scarownershipisasharpincreaseinvehicleemissionsonairpollutionhasbecomeaserioussocialnuisance.Inacompactcitycar，thevehicleemissionspollutiononpeople'slivingenvironmenthascausedagreatimpact，posesaseriousthreattopeople'sphysicalandmentalhealth，butalsoendangersomeanimalandplantsurvivalandgrowth，anddestructionoftheecologicalbalanceofnature.Therefore，theproblemofcarexhaustpollutionbecomeurgentlyimportantsubjectofcarefulstudy.Facedwiththegrimsituationofenvironmentalpollutionofthepossibilityofthedevelopmentofnewenergy，thedevelopmentoflowpollutionandenvironmentallyfriendlytransport.Mainlythroughthehazardsandimpactoncaremissions，caroilloadspeedandtowaiveorreducevehicleexhaustemissionsfromatechnical，rationalandobjectivereaderstorecognizethehazardsofvehicleexhaustemissions.Finally，basedonthecharacteristicsofChinesecities，measurestopreventandreducevehicleexhaustpollution.Keywords:carexhaust，airpollution，controlmeasures，currentstatus，countermeasures目录1引言......................................................................................................................................................42我国汽车尾气排放的现状.............................................................................................................13汽车尾气的危害...............................................................................................................................23.1城市温度急剧增高.....................................................................................................................23.2危害人体健康.............................................................................................................................23.3地球气候不正常.........................................................................................................................24我国汽车尾气排放的控制对策...................................................................................................34.1传感器与闭环控制.....................................................................................................................34.1.1氧传感器..........................................................................................................................34.4.2闭环控制系统..................................................................................................................44.4.3闭环控制..........................................................................................................................44.2废气再循环控制（EGR）.........................................................................................................44.2.1普通电子式废气再循环（EGR）控制..........................................................................54.2.2可变EGR率废气再循环的控制....................................................................................54.2.3闭环控制式废气再循环..................................................................................................64.3二次空气吸入（AS）和二次空气喷射（AI）.......................................................................64.3.1二次空气吸入（AS）.....................................................................................................64.3.2二次空气喷射（AI）.....................................................................................................74.4活性碳罐蒸发污染控制.............................................................................................................75汽车尾气污染的治理措施.............................................................................................................85.1改变汽车的交通条件.................................................................................................................85.2改善现有动力装置和燃油质量.................................................................................................85.3采用机外净化技术.....................................................................................................................85.4发动机内部净化处理措施.........................................................................................................95.5制定相关法律，加强行政管理.................................................................................................96总结....................................................................................................................................................10参考文献...............................................................................................................................................11致谢......................................................................................................................................................1211引言随着经济的高速发展，21世纪的今天，汽车是人类不可缺少的交通工具，汽车作为现代化交通工具，给予了人们的生产与生活带来十分方