浦东新王牌张U老师高三语法资料

张U暑假高三资料1(一)比较级、最高级及形容词、副词的基本表示方法考点归纳1.表示倍数的常用结构:(原级比较、平衡结构)⑪A+v.(be)+倍数/分数+as+adj.+as+BThisbookistwiceasthickasthatone.⑫A+v.(be)+倍数/分数+theprice/size/weight/age/amount/length…+of+BMyroomisfivetimesthesizeofyours.⑬A+v.(be)+倍数/分数+a./adv.比较级+than+BThisroomisfourtimeslargerthanthatone.⑭A+v.(be)+倍数+that/thoseof+B(=asmuchas…)Hisweightisthreetimesthatofmine.*⑮基数词+-foldFrom1980to1990,Danube(多瑙河)shippingincreasedmorethansixfold.2.比较级(及其他)表示最高级的常用结构:⑪A+v.(be)+比较级+than+anyother+n.(single)Russiaisbiggerthananyothercountryintheworld.⑫A+v.(be)+比较级+than+anyone/anything,etc.+elseJimmyistallerthananyoneelseinhisclass.⑬A+v.(be)+比较级Jimmyistallerthananyoftheotherstudents/theothersinhisclass.张U暑假高三资料2⑭besecondtononee.g.Thisbuildingissecondtononeinheightinthiscity.3.比较级、最高级修饰语:比较级前可加诸如even,far,much,still,alot等的程度副词；当比较对象属于同一范围时应使用other/else将本身排除在范围外4.合成词作定语的表达方式:a5-year-oldboy/afour-leggedpet；注意beof(great)help=helpful5.n.+--某些副词有两种形式，一是与形容词同形，二是由该形容词加-ly构成，注意区分异同:deep,deeplyhigh,highlyclose,closelydead,deadly,dyingwell,goodbad,badlyfarther,furtherlive,alive,livelylate,later,latest,latter,latelyclear,clearlyeasy,easily,etc.6.-ed与-ing型形容词的区别:前者用于描述人的感受，后者用于修饰引发该感受的人事7.toomuch修饰不可数名词或动词；muchtoo修饰形容词或副词原级8.多个形容词修饰一个名词时，根据形容词与所修饰名词的关系密切程度来排序，从左至右，依次为①冠词、指示代词、不定代词、物主代词；②序数词、基数词；③性质、特征；④尺寸；⑤大小、长短、形状；⑥年龄、新旧；⑦颜色；⑧国籍、出处；⑨材料；⑩用途、类别也可表达为(选自《新编英语语法教程》)限定词→表示说话人评价的形容词→表示大小、形状、新旧的形容词→表示颜色的形容词→表示国别、来源、材料的形容词→表示用途或目的的形容词或分词、名词等类别词→名词9.古英语遗留下来的几个-ed分词用法问题:如drunk作补语，drunken作名词修饰语；类似地还有lighted(名词修饰语)与lit(补语)10.一般情况下形容词放在名词前，但在以下情况下形容词需要后置:①与something,anything,nobody等不定代词连用；②表语形容词(alike等)需后置；③形容词短语一般后置；④特殊情况，如以-ible结尾的形容词与only连用时常后置；⑤当修饰语本身带有不定式、介词词组等补足成分时通常后置，如Studentsbraveenoughtotakethecoursedeservetosucceed.11.☆so,such的固定结构类似于how,what感叹句结构(参见感叹句，具体用张U暑假高三资料3法见结果状语从句)12.常见形容词、副词后缀13.补语形容词包括表示健康状况的词(如well,ill)以及以前缀a-开首的词(少部分为副词)；这类形容词一般不能直接作前置修饰语，但一般都存在着一个同义词，如Hewasalone/solitarysoldier.此外，a-开首的补语形容词带修饰语时一般可作前置修饰语，如areallyalivestudent14.形容词+that分句中，that在口语中常可省略；能做类似用法的形容词有sure,certain,glad,amazed,surprised,confident,proud,disappointed,pleased,shocked等；该句型有时可与形容词+介词词组、形容词+不定式换用，如I‘msurethatyouwillgetsuccess.=Youaresureofsuccess.=Youaresuretogetsuccess.15.cf.nomorethan(only),notmorethan(atmost),nomore…than(与…都不一样),noless…than,nootherthan,nobetterthan(asbadas),nolessthan(asmuchas),notlessthan(atleast),cannot/cannever…too(再…也不为过)16.含as的结构⑪(not)as/thesame…as…两者(不)一样Youareassweetassugar!⑫…notsomuchAasB…与其说是A不如说是BHeisn‘tsomuchastudentasateacher.⑬AistoBwhat/asCistoDA对于B来说就像C对于D，该结构中what/as可相互替换，但what引导的是比较状语从句，其中表比较，而as表等同，如:2isto8as1isto4.Intellectistothemindwhatsightistothebody.17.含more的结构:⑪themore…,themore…越……越……(themore仅表示比较级，并不意味着需将形容词、副词原有比较级改为themore形式，如thewider不应改为themorewide)⑫moreandmore越……越……，前者为从属分句，后者为主句，并常伴有省略；⑬more…than…与其说是……不如说是……；比……更加Therearemorewondersinthisworldthanaredreamtof.其反义词组为less…than…，如Johnislessdaringthanquick-witted.⑭morethan①表示否定，如ThatismorethanIcantell.②不仅仅……，如MytriptoBeijingismorethansightseeing.(不仅仅是游览观光而已)；nomorethan只有(强调少)；notmorethan不超过(客观描述)18.有些表示“极度”的形容词无比较级和最高级，如perfect,dead,empty,absolute,round等19.以-ior结尾且含比较意义的形容词用to代替than，如superior,inferior,senior,junior,prior等张U暑假高三资料420.某些类似形容词的区分，如satisfactory等考前巩固I.Completethesentencesoncomparatives(比较级)andsuperlatives(最高级).1.Hewastootiredtogo_________(更远).2.Astimewentby,shebecame_________(不那么焦虑了).3.–Howwastheexam?–It_______________(简单的不能再简单了).4.Thisis______________________(我所见过最长的大桥了).5.ToPeter,paintingis______________________(与其说是兴趣，不如说是一种生活式).6.–Whenshallwesetoutfortheouting?–Theytoldustowaitfor_________(进一步的通知).7.AsfarasIremember,Iwasintroducedtohiminthe______________(下半年)of1978.8._________(不到)ahundredstudentstookanactivepartinthecompetition.9.Theirlifemayseemdulltoyou,buttheyare_________(十二分的满足).10.Theyhavetwosons.Brianis_________(更漂亮)ofthetwo.11._________youask,_________Iam.(越……，越没把握)12.Thisisoneof______________________(世界上知名的大学).II.Choosethebestanswer.1.Theworkona_____highwaybridgeoverthestraitwillbestartedinthenextdecade.A.30-mile-lengthB.30-mile-longC.30-miles-longD.30mile-long2.Thereisnoreasonwhytheyshouldlimithowmuchvitaminyoutake,_____theycanlimithowmuchwateryoudrink.A.muchmorethanB.nomorethanC.nolessthanD.anymorethan3.AgreatmanyeducatorsfirmlybelievethatEnglishisoneof_____taught张U暑假高三资料5subjectsinhighschools.A.thepoorestB.thepoorerC.themostpoorlyD.poorliest4.The_____workersrushedintotheofficeand_____passers-bysoongatheredaroundthebuilding.A.excited…interestedB.excited…interestingC.exciting…interestedD.exciting…interesting5.Rodwassotiredthathefellasleepeventhoughwewereflying_____overtheGrandCanyon.A.lowlyB.highlyC.highD.low6.Somepeoplebelievethatsomenumbersshowthe_____sideofaperson‘spersonality.A.hidingB.hidC.hiddenD.hide7.Shereturnedhome,_____.A.overjoyingB.tooverjoyC.overjoyedD.beingoverjoyed8.Hefeelsthatheisnotyet_____totravelabroad.A.toostrongB.enoughstrongC.sostrongD.strongenough9.Overpopulationposesaterriblethreattothehumanrace.Yetitisprobably_____athreattothehumanracethanenvironmentalproblem.A.nomoreB.notmoreC.evenmoreD.muchmore10.Itwas_____wehadhoped.A.m