概要写作指导Getting-up-early

概要写作指导提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。阅卷时将主要考虑以下内容：(1)对原文要点的理解和呈现情况；(2)应用语法结构和词汇的准确性；(3)上下文的连贯性；(4)对各要点表达的独立性情况。评分原则1.本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。2.评分时，先根据所写概要的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。3.词数少于40或多于80的，从总分中减去2分。4.评分时，应主要从以下4个方面考虑：5.拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个重要方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。6.书写较差以致影响交际，可将分数降低一个档次。(1)对原文要点的理解和呈现情况；(2)应用语法结构和词汇的准确性；(3)上下文的连贯性；(4)对各要点表达的独立性情况。档次描述第五档(21-25)理解准确，涵盖全部要点能准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所完成的概要结构紧凑完全使用自己的语言第四档(16-20)理解准确，涵盖绝大部分要点所使用的语法结构和词汇虽有些错误，但完全不影响意义表达比较有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所完成的概要结构紧凑有个别整句抄自原文第三档(11-15)理解较为准确，涵盖大部分要点所使用的语法结构和词汇虽有些错误，但不影响意义表达应用简单地语句间的连接成分，使上下文内容连贯出现两句以上整句抄自原文现象。第二档(6-10)……出现两句以上整句抄自原文现象。第一档(1-5)……多个句子抄自原文Summaryisashortpassagegivingthemainpointsofanoriginalarticle.Whatisasummary?Whatshouldwepayattentiontowhenwewriteasummary?文体时态人称主题writeasummary记叙文议论文说明文概要写作解题步骤：一、区别文体，看清结构；（文体+结构）二、把握大意，找主题句；（大意+主题句）三、分析段落，切中要点；（段落+要点）四、同意置换，串句成文。（置换+串联）阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Gettingupearlyhasbeenregardedasagoodhabitsinceancienttimes.Manyyearsago,peoplethoughtthatifwewenttobedearlyandgotupearly,wewouldbeenergeticthewholeday.Nowadays,peoplestillholdthesameview.So,gettingupearlyisofgreatimportancetousall.Infact,morningisthebesttimeofaday.Inthemorning,theairisthefreshestandpeopleareusuallyinthebestconditions.Manyofusmayhavetheexperiencesthatwememorizesomethingsmorequicklyandaccuratelyinthemorningthanatanyothertimeoftheday.Additionally,ifwegetupearlyanddosomemorningexerciseoronlytakeashortwalkinthemorning,withoutdoubtwecanbuildourbodiesandbecomemuchhealthier.Thatiswhymanypeoplegettingupearlydophysicalexerciseyearafteryear.Wewillalsohaveenoughtimetomakeaplanandgetreadyforourworkorstudyofthedayifwegetupearly.Forexample,ifeveryoneinthefamilygetsupearly,wifewillhaveenoughtimetopreparethebreakfastforthewholefamily.Childrenwillhaveenoughtimetocatchtheschoolbus,andhusbandwillneverforgettochangehisdirtyshirt.Everythingisinorder.Whataharmoniousscene!However,ifwegetuplate,we'llprobablyhavetodoeverythinginagreathurry,makingitinamess.Letusremembergettingupearlyisagoodhabit.Ifyouarealateriser,youmayfinditdifficulttoformthehabitofgettingupearly.Youwillhavetomakeeffortstodoso.Ifyouwanttogetupearly,sleepingearlierthenightbeforeexpecttobesuccessful.Besides,youcansetyouralarmclockorasksomeonewhomyouknowwillbeawakeatthattimetocallyou.Ifyousticktogettingupearlyeveryday,youwillcertainlybenefitalotfromit.②⑤④③①reasonstopic/phenomenonsuggestions•体裁：_________________•主题：_________________•结构：_________________Step1.Readforthetopicandstructure（确定体裁，明确主题及结构）Step2.Exploreforthekeyinformationofeachparagraph(划主题句,找关键信息)Step3.paraphrase(改写)Step4.polishthepassage(改良)Writeasummarywiththesteps&tipsStep1.Readforthetopicandstructure（确定体裁，明确主题及结构）expositorywriting(说明文)gettingupearlytopic(①)reasons(②③④)suggestions(⑤)Step2.Exploreforthekeyinformationofeachparagraph(划主题句,找关键信息)Writeasummarywiththesteps&tipsGettingupearlyisofgreatimportancetousall.para.1:para.2:Inthemorning,theairisthefreshestandpeopleareusuallyinthebestconditions.para.3:Ifwegetupearlyanddosomemorningexercise,Withoutdoubtwecanbuildourbodiesandbecomemuchhealthier.para.4:Wewillalsohaveenoughtimetomakeaplanandgetreadyforourworkorstudyoftheday…para.5:…sleepingearlierthenightbefore…Besides,youcansetyouralarmclockorasksomeonetocallyou.Writeasummarywiththesteps&tipsGettingupearlyisofgreatimportancetousall.para.1:2.Itis______________________________.1.Gettingupearlyisofgreat_________tousall./Gettingupearlyis__________tousall.3.Gettingupearlyplays_______________inourlife.4.Weshouldattachgreatimportancetogettingupearly./Greatimportanceshouldbeattachedtogettingupearly.Step3.paraphrase(改写)significancesignificantimportantforustogetupearly.animportantpartTips:1).paraphrasewithsynonyms(同义词)2).rewritesentencestructure(改句型)Writeasummarywiththesteps&tipsInthemorning,theairisthefreshestandpeopleareusuallyinthebestconditions.para.2:1.Weareusuallyinthebestconditionswith_____________ofaday.2.Inthemorning,wecanlearnmorethingsbecauseofthefreshestairandpeople’sbestconditions.3.Thereasonisthatmorningisafantastictimeofadaytoenjoythefreshestairandtheexperienceofmemorizingthingsquickly.Step3.paraphrase(改写)thefreshestairWriteasummarywiththesteps&tipspara.3:1._________________wecanbehealthierwiththehelpofexercise.Ifwegetupearlyanddosomemorningexercise,Withoutdoubtwecanbuildourbodiesandbecomemuchhealthier.2.Wecanbeincreasinglyhealthyby_________inthemorning.3.What’smore,peoplewhosticktophysicalexerciseinthemorning,thus,havestrongerbodies.4.Gettingupearlytodosomephysicalexercisecanhelpuskeephealthy.Step3.paraphrase(改写)ThereisnoboubtthatworkingoutWriteasummarywiththesteps&tipspara.4:Wewillalsohaveenoughtimetomakeaplanandgetreadyforourworkorstudyoftheday…1.Itenablesusto______________________theday.2.Timewillbe____________________________.3.What’smorebeneficialisthatenoughtimecanbegottomakeaplanforworkorstudyofthedayifwegetupearly.4.What’smore,notonlycanwehavemuchtimetomakeaschedulebutalsomakeprepartionsforourworkandstudy.Step3.paraphrase(改写)5.Andthemostimportantthingisthatgettingupearlyca