英语单词用词缀判断词性

一、名词后缀1.ce,ance,enceappear（出现,公开露面）—appearancerefer（提交,谈及，提到,涉及,查阅,咨询）—reference（提及,涉及,参考,参考书目,证明书(人),介绍信(人),audience,advice,allowance,ambulance,appearance2.al：arrival,refusal,revival,removal,approval4.cy:accurate（正确的,精确的）—accuracy（精确性,正确度）private—privacy,emergency,frequency,urgency,efficiency,agency5.dom:freedom,kingdom,wisdom6.er,or,ar,ist,ant,ent,ess（女）:人、职业painter,worker,beg（请求,乞求）—beggar（乞丐）,piano-pianist,violin（小提琴）—violinist,apply—applicant,correspond（通信）—correspondent（通讯记者）actress,waiter—waitress,analyst7.hood:时期，人，关系child—childhood,man—manbood（成年男子）neighborhood（附近，邻居关系）8.ty:cruel—cruelty,pure—purity,activity,reality,ability,calamity9.ment:状态，行动等move—movement,retire—retirement,state-statement,treat-treatment,judgment,punishment,argument,assignment10.ness:dark—darkness,happy—happiness,awareness,kindness,tiredness,11.ology:学（学术类）biology,geologyphysiologypsychology,technology12.ship:才能，状态，资格，品质Friendship,relationship,scholar（学者）—scholarship（奖学金,学问,学识）leadership,hardship,membership,oppression,possession,education13.ion,sion,tion,ation,ition:行为的过程，结果，状况decide-decision,expand-expansion,alter-alteration,action,solution,conclusion,destruction,expression,correction,oppression,ambition14.sure:measure,pressure15.th:grow—growth,wide—width,deep-depth,health,wealth,truth,length16.ture:nature,mature,future,agriculture,architecture二、动词后缀1．-ify意为：转为，变为class—classify（分类,分为）,simple—simplify（单一化,简单化），2．-ize；（美）ise,（英）-en：使……，……化，变得……deep—deepen（加深,深化）,fast（紧的,牢的）—fasten（扎牢,扣住）（现代人）—modernise/modernize（主英=modernize）popular（通俗的,流行的,受欢迎的）—popularise/popularize（主英=popularize）3．-ate：增加，使……originate，hydrogenate，validate，differentiate,dictate独裁，使…听写（dict-词根：说。“独裁”和“使…听写”的核心含义就是“说”，ate无非是整个单词中表示词性的成分。）4.-ishfinish完成（fine-词根：终止。比如：final-最后的，al-形容词后缀；finish-完成,ish-动词后缀。）三、形容词后缀：1.able,ible：能……的；可以……的question（疑问）—questionable（可疑的）,apply（采用、应用）applicable（可采用的，适用的）2.al：有……属性的，……类型的nature（自然）—natural（自然的）,structure（结构,构造）—structural（结构的,建筑的）,casual4.ant,entdiffer—different,please（满足的,使满足）—pleasant（令人愉快的,舒适的）7.en:材质gold（黄金,金币）—golden（金色的,金黄色的）wood（木材）—wooden（木制的）10.ful：充满，有care（注意,照料）—careful（小心的,仔细的）pain（痛苦,疼）—painful（疼痛的,使痛苦的）11.ic,ical：……类的atom（原子）—atomic（原子的,原子能的）psychology（心理学,心理状态）—psychological（心理(上)的）electronic,economic,linguistic,physical,logical12.ish(倾向)girl（女孩,少女）—girlish（少女的,少女似的(男孩)）child（孩子）—childish（孩子气的,幼稚的）13.tive,sive：有……属性的；有某种倾向的create（创造）—creative（创造性的）support（支援，支柱）—supportive（支持的，支援的）effective,expensive14.less：没有，无hope（希望,信心）—hopeless（没有希望的,绝望的）pain（痛苦,疼,痛,劳苦,努力，使痛苦）—painless（无痛的,不痛的）15.ous：富含……的；有……品质的；像……的danger（危险）—dangerous（危险的）,poison（毒药,败坏道德之事,毒害，毒害,败坏,使中毒，放毒,下毒）—poisonous（有毒的）16.some-some：像……一样的；引起……的；有……品质的（like；causing；havingthequalityof）tire（劳累,厌倦）—tiresome（无聊的,烦人的）,trouble（烦恼,麻烦）—troublesome（麻烦的,讨厌的）handsome17.yguilt（罪行,内疚）—guilty（犯罪的,有罪的）,noise（喧闹声,噪声）—noisy（吵杂的,聒噪的）fun-funny18.ed-ed意为：有……的，完成、被动organized，please-pleased,boiled,fried，overprotected19.talcoast（海岸）-coastal（沿海的）,mentalenvironmental,experimental,20.ure:行为，结果exposure,pressure,failure,procedure21.naleducational,international,personal22ialinitial,potential,financial,social,martialart（武术）四、副词后缀1．-ly：以……方式easy（容易的）—easily（容易地,不费力地）,heavy（重的,繁重的）—heavily（很重地,沉重地）mentally2．-ward（s）：表示方式或动作的方向east（东方,东）—eastward(s)（向东，向东的,朝东的）north（北,北方）—northward(s)（向北，向北的）,upward,downward,3．-wise：按照……方式clock（时钟）—clockwise（顺时针方向的，顺时针方向地）other（其他的,另外的）—otherwise（另外,不同地）练习：写出下列单词的词性，以及推测其意思correspond:符合，一致，通信，相应correspondence,correspondent,correspondingly,organize：组织organization,organizer,organized,beautifyaccountantboar:寄宿-boardertravelerextend:延伸，扩大extensive,extension,extensibledetailedYoung年轻的-youthparentalanalyticessentialinteract:相互作用-interactive