动词的三单形式、现在分词、过去式、过去分词的变化规律

主语是第三人称单数形式时，动词的变化1.一般在词尾加-sget、make、cook、need2.以o、s、x、sh、ch结尾的动词，在词尾加-esgo、do、miss、pass、teach、watch、catch、match、touch、wash、fish、finish、smash、box、relax、mix、fax3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，把y改i再加esfly、fry、try、cry、dry、carry、study、worry、embody体现具体表达、justify证明、empty、4.以“元音字母+y”结尾的动词，直接加splay、stay、buy、pray、pay、say、lay下蛋5.不规则变化have-has、动词的ing形式构成法1.一般在词尾加-ingdo、meet、watch、wash、read2.以（不发音的）e结尾的词，去e加-ingclose、dance、live、like、love、bore、phone、ride、move、hope、decide、write3.以重读闭音节结尾的动词，呈现“辅+元+辅”结构需双写最后一个字母再加-ing1、一个m、两个d、两个g（swim/nod,rid/dig,beg）2、三个n，四个p、11个t（run，win，begin）（dip，drop，mop，stop）（sit，hit，fit，set，get，let，put，cut，regret，forget，pat）4.以ie结尾的动词，把ie改为y再加-inglie-lying、die-dying动词的过去式的构成法1.一般在词尾加-edwatch、wash、open、play2.以（不发音的）e结尾的词，在词后直接加-dclose、dance、live、like、love、bore、phone、ride、move、hope、decide、write3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，把y改i再加edfly、fry、try、cry、dry、carry、study、worry、embody、justify、empty、4.以重读闭音节结尾的动词，呈现“辅+元+辅”结构需双写最后一个字母再加-edshop、stop、plan、trip、beg、hop、skip、drag、drop、dot、drip、fret、5.不规则变化规则动词词尾加-ed有三种读音：1.在清辅音后读作[t]。如：asked,helped,watched,stopped2在浊辅音和元音后读作[d]。如：enjoyed,studied,moved,called3.在t/d后读作[id]。如：wanted,needed不规则动词的过去式见课本后的不规则动词表。大体上归纳有以下几条记忆法：1.以t结尾的词，过去式与原形相同。如：put—put,let—let,cut—cut,beat—beat，cost—cost，hit—hit2.以d结尾的词，把d变成t。如:build—built,lend—lent,send—sent,spend—spent（read—read）3.以n结尾的词，在词后加t。如：mean—meant,burn—burnt,learn—learnt4.以ow/aw结尾的词，把ow/aw变成ew。如：blow—blew,draw—drew,know—knew,grow—grew，throw—threw5.含有双写字母的词，将双写改为单写，在词尾加t。如：keep—kept,sleep—slept,feel—felt,smell—smelt，sweep—swept6.只去掉一个e：feed—fed，meet—met7.闭音节词，改i为a。如：sit—sat,swim—swam,ring—rang,drink—drank，sing—sang，begin—began，8.开音节词，改i为o。如：drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote,9.buy—bought,bring—brought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught10.lay—laid,say—said,pay—paid母鸡“下蛋”并“摆放”好后，“说”，“付钱”11.is/am—was,are—were,have/has—had,do—did,go—went,run—ran,see—saw,fly—flew,get—got,win—won,eat—ate,come—came,make—made,tell—told,take—took,fall—fell,speak—spoke,wear—wore,stand—stood,become—became,forget—forgot,hear—heard,can—could,will—would,shall—should,find—found不规则动词的过去分词变化形式1、AAA动词原形，过去式，过去分词相同cost---cost----costcut---cut---cuthit---hit---hithurt---hurt---hurtlet---let---letput---put---putread---read---readset---set---setshut---shut---shutspread---spread---spread2、ABA动词原形与过去分词相同become-----became-----becomecome----came-----comerun---ran---run3、动词过去分词有两个burn---burned/burnt---burned/burntdream---dreamed/dreamt---dreamed/dreamtlearn---learned/learnt---learned/learntsmell---smelled/smelt---smelled/smeltspell---spelled/spelt---spelled/spelt4、在动词原形后加---en/n构成过去分词be---was/were—beenbeat-----beat----beatendrive---drove----drivenride---rode----riddenrise---rose----riseneat----ate-----eatenfall---fell---fallengive----gave----givenshake----shook---shakensee----saw---seentake---took---takenblow---blew---blowndraw---drew---drawngrow---grew---grownknow---knew---knownshow---showed---shownthrow---threw---thrownwrite—wrote---written5、动词原形i过去式a过去分词ubegin---began----begunsing---sang----sungring---rang---rungswim---swam----swumdrink---drank----drunk6、在过去式后加n构成过去分词break---broke---brokenforget---forgot---forgottenchoose---chose---chosenfreeze---froze----frozenhide---hid---hiddenspeak---spoke---spokensteal---stole---stolenwake---woke---wokenwear---wore---worn7、动词过去式与过去分词相同bring---brought---broughtbuy---bought--boughtfight---fought---foughtthink---thought---thoughtcatch---caught---caughtteach---taught---taughtdig---dug---dugfeed---fed----fedfind---found---foundget----got---gothang----hung----hunghear—heard---heardhold----held----heldkeep---kept----keptlay---laid---laidlead---led---ledleave---left----leftlend---lent---lentlose---lost---lostmake----made---mademean---meant—meantmeet---met---metpay---paid---paidsay---said---saidsell---sold---soldsend----sent---sentshine----shone----shonesit----sat----satsleep----slept----sleptspend---spent---spentstand----stood---stoodstick----stuck----stucksweep---swept---swepttell---told----toldunderstand----understood---understoodwin---won---wonfeel---felt---felthave----had---had8、特殊记忆do---did---donego---went---gone动词过去式,过去分词不规则变化AB型can—couldshall—shouldwill—wouldmay—mightAAA型cost—cost—costcut—cut—cuthit—hit—hithurt—hurt—hurtlet—let—letmust—must—mustput—put—putset—set—setshut—shut—shutread—read—readAAB型beat—beatbeatenABA型becomebecamebecomecomecamecomerunranrunABB型bringbroughtbroughtbuyboughtboughtthinkthoughtthoughtcatchcaughtcaughtteachtaughttaughtbuildbuiltbuiltlendlentlentsendsentsentspendspentspentdigdugdughanghunghungfeelfeltfeltkeepkeptkeptsleepsleptsleptsweepsweptsweptleaveleftleftsmellsmeltsmeltspillspiltspiltlaylaidlaidpaypaidpaidsaysaidsaidsellsoldsoldtelltoldtoldsitsatsatspitspatspatstandstoodstoodunderstandunderstoodunderstoodlearnlearntlearntmeanmeantmeantspoilspoiltspoiltshineshoneshonewinwonwonhavehadhadmakemademadehearheardheardfindfoundfoundholdheldheldABC型beginbeganbegundrinkdrankdrunkringrangrungsingsangsungsinksanksunkswimswamswumblowblewblownflyflewflowngrowgrewgrownknowknewknownthrowthrewthrowndrawdrewdrawnshowshowedshownbreakbrokebroke