泛读全新阅读I_U8_大纲词汇课文难点习题答案

CollegeEnglishReadingCourse1Unit8Text22I.Vocabulary《大学英语课程教学要求》(积极词汇用红色标出)一般要求（4级）词汇：declinev./n.衰败,衰落due应付的;到期的;应到的e.g.Hispaperwasdue2daysago.（应交的）typicala.典型的,代表性的(typifyv.)lengthn.长度(a.lengthy冗长的)analysisn.分析(pl.analyses)elaboratea.精心制作的,详细阐述的authority权威，威信sociology社会学(sociologicala.sociologist社会学家)statisticn.统计量adj.统计的,统计学的(statisticala.statistics统计学;统计数字[资料])lawnbureau（政府机构的）局teenager13至19岁的青少年suspectestimaten./v.估计,估价standard标准convincev.使信服witnessv.目击cashdeservev.应得;应受(赏罚等)surveyv./n.对…进行数据调查较高要求（6级）词汇：adolescence青春期(一般指从青春发育期到成熟期13至15的转化阶段)stereo立体声；立体声系统（亦作：stereoset）更高要求词汇：hamburger(口语burger)shoveln.铲子；铁锨铲v.铲mowUsefulPhrasesandExpressions:studentemployment学生就业avoidsb.’seyesaheavycourseload沉重的课业(load负荷,装载量;工作量)Parentsoftenendorsethisemployment…endorsev.1)在（支票）背面签字;2)togiveapprovaloforsupportto,especiallybypublicstatement支持,尤以公开声明形式；赞同,认可holdregularjobs固定工作/workregularlyregularsourceofincome固定的收入来源toarguemycase争论或诉讼中支持某一方的事实或论点(argument)mowlawn修剪草坪otherthan:except除了,除了…以外(不包括)incontrast与此相反,相比之下comeupwith想出、找到(答案,解决办法);提出,拿出(建议、计划)tohavean(unfair)advantageover比…有优势topush(burgers):topromoteorsell(aproduct)推销、宣传促销或出售产品e.g.topushingone’sbusiness推展业务pushone'sgoods推销货物waiton服侍,招待designerjeans名牌的，带有特定设计师标志图案的hard-earnedmoney辛苦得到的凭血汗赚来的readycash现款,现钱lookupon…as把...看作,视为paythepricefor为...付出代价part-timestudents兼职的/full-timestudents专职的out-:prefix[加在动词、部分形容词及名词前]“胜过”,“超过”,e.g.outgrow长得比...快;(因年龄增长而)放弃outperformvt.做得比…好，胜过outwitvt.智胜outnumbervt.数目超过II.DifficultLanguagePointsintheText1.Yetinallthelengthyanalysesofwhat'swrongwithAmericaneducation,Ihavenotheardemploymentbystudentsbeingblamed.(Line14)employmentbystudents:havingpart-timejobwhilestudyinginschooloruniversityTranslation:但是在所有这些冗长的关于美国大学教育问题的分析中，我没有见到有对学生打工进行批评的言论。2.ThoughIdohavesomestatisticalevidence,myargumentdependsonwhatanyonecantestthroughmemoryanddirectobservation.(Line29)do:usedhereforemphasisTranslation:尽管我有许多数据来证明我的观点，但是我的观点还是基于任何人通过记忆和直接观察都可验证的事实。3.Butmostofushadnoregularsourceofincomeotherthanthegenerosityofourparents.(Line35)otherthan:exceptTranslation:但是我们中的大多数人除了父母的慷慨给予外没有任何固定的经济来源。4....butsociologistsEllenGreenbergerandLaurenceSteinberginWhenTeenagersWorkcameupwithestimatesofmorethan70percentworkingin1986,thoughIsuspectthatthefiguremaybeevenhighernow.(Line47)though:(usedtointroduceaclauseattheendofasentence)butTranslation:......但是社会学家埃伦·格林伯格和劳伦斯·斯坦伯格在“当青少年就业时”一文中估计1986年在校学生就业率达70％以上，但是我怀疑这个数字现在可能更高。5.Clearlyindividualstudentswillpaythepriceforlackofadequatetimestudying,buttheproblemgoesbeyondtheindividual.(Line86)Paraphrase:Clearlybecausestudentsdonotspendenoughtimestudying,theywillhavepoorresultsintheirstudies.However,therewillexistotherproblemswhichgobeyondeachindividualstudent'scontrol.Translation:显然，学生本人将因为学习时间不足而付出代价，然而它涉及的问题却超出学生本人。III.KeytoExercisesI.1.D2.C3.D4.A5.A11.1.Becauseheworksalotanddoesn'thaveenoughtimetostudy.2.Theybaby-sat,shoveledsnow,mowedlawns,anddeliveredpapers,andsomeofthemgotjobsindepartmentstoresaroundChristmas.3.Hewantstoshowusmorestudentsworkregularlytodaythanbeforeandthenprovesthatstudentemploymentisamajorreasonofeducationaldecline.4.Theyimplythatshehasanunfairadvantageoverthem.KeytotheReading-SkillExercises1.toproduce2.toactcautiously3.inadditionto4.tosufferheavyeconomicloss:togobankruptText23I.Vocabulary《大学英语课程教学要求》(积极词汇用红色标出)一般要求（4级）词汇：overcomebathroom:washroom,restroomexitfacilityn.(pl)设施，设备urgent(urgencyn.)acceleratesincere(sincerityn.)grocerydestination目的地funeral葬礼,出殡apologize(apologeticallyadv.)attorneyidentifyv.识别,鉴别alarmv.使惊恐;警告,警示(alarmeda.)prompt准时的,守时的;敏捷的,迅速的apprehendvt.理解,领会;害怕,忧虑(apprehensionn.)pound砰砰跳，急速而又沉重地跳动willn.遗嘱universalexecutev.执行,实施e.g.toexecutethewill(executor遗嘱执行人)documentestate地产,不动产较高要求（6级）词汇：formidableperplexmutterv./n.咕哝,嘀咕authorizev.授权,批准更高要求词汇：parlor（旅馆中的）休息室；营业室whereaboutsshunguts(pl.)内脏;[俚语]勇气,胆量；大胆；厚颜无耻compassionUsefulPhrasesandExpressions:bedesperatefor急切的，极度渴望的beovercomewiththeurgetodosth.(urgen.强烈欲望,迫切要求)Astimeworeon…(wear:passgradually[时光]逐渐流逝)Hisphysicalneedtookonheightenedurgency:becomemoreandmoreurgenttakeon开始呈现、具有(某种性质、特征等)pickupspeed加快,加速pullovertotheside(把...)划到岸边,(把...)开到路边takepityon同情funeralparlor殡仪馆funeraldirector殡仪员Whattheheck?–Whatthehell?(用以加强语气或咒骂)究竟,到底e.g.Whatthehelldidyouhear?你究竟听到了什么?payone’srespectto向...致敬identifyoneselfas证实自己的身份为…onedge紧张不安的withbatedbreath屏息以待apoundingheartdrawup草拟；拟订e.g.drawupacontract拟订合同holding:常作holdings拥有的财产,所有物;保有股份等•Wordstodrill:alarmed---Weweremuchalarmedbythefireintheforest.bequeath---Hebequeathedtotheirchildrenarespectforhardwork.他把崇尚努力工作的精神传给了孩子。compassion---Herheartwasfilledwithcompassionforthemotherlesschildren.dire---Weareindireneedofhelpinghands.whereabouts---Herwhereaboutsarestillunknown.withbatedbreath---Thewomenwaitedinthedrawingroomwithbatedbreath.formidable---Thisistothemaformidablechallenge.hereby（用于公文）以此，特此---IherebydeclareMr.Rogerselected.我特此宣布,罗杰斯先生当选了。prompt---Thismechanicisalwayspromptinhisduties.shun---Materialistsfacetruth,whereasidealistsshunit.唯物主义者直面事实真相,唯心主义者则逃避真相。testament---makeone‘stestament立遗嘱---Old[Ne