毕业设计论文-预处理青霉菌吸附铅离子的研究

学Xxxx毕业设计（论文）题目：预处理青霉菌吸附铅离子的研究院（部）系化学与化学工程学院所学专业环境工程年级、班级2006级2班完成人姓名Xx指导教师姓名专业技术职称Xxx讲师2010年6月12日论文原创性保证书我保证所提交的论文都是自己独立完成，如有抄袭、剽窃、雷同等现象，愿承担相应后果，接受学校的处理。专业：环境工程班级：1签名：2010年6月12日泰山医学院本科毕业设计(论文)摘要以青霉菌(Penicillium)为吸附剂，对含Pb2+重金属废水中Pb2+进行了吸附研究。实验考察了预处理方法、pH值、温度、吸附剂用量和吸附时间等因素对吸附效果的影响，并利用正交实验L9（34）确定了吸附的优化条件。结果表明，在实验选用的预处理剂中,0.1mol/lNaHCO3预处理的菌体吸附效果最好，吸附率为89.96%；吸附的最佳pH范围是5～7，当pH为5时效果最好,吸附率达96.63%；青霉菌浓度越高吸附量越大；青霉菌吸附Pb2+的速度很快，在5min时吸附率就达78.96%，且随时间的增加吸附率增大，60min时吸附率达到最大值88.11%；温度对吸附的影响不大，在常温下即能较好吸附。正交实验结果表明，用0.1mol/lNaHCO3预处理青霉菌在Pb2+初始浓度为25.00mg/l,吸附剂用量为0.5g/l，pH为3，常温下吸附30min可得到最佳吸附效果，并确定pH值为影响吸附效果的显著因素。确定青霉菌对Pb2+的吸附过程遵循Freundlich方程。关键词：生物吸附；青霉菌；Pb2+；预处理；优化条件；吸附等温线泰山医学院本科毕业设计(论文)AbstractAbsorptionofheavymetalionPb2+fromPb2+-containingheavymetalwastewaterbypenicilliumasadsorbateswasstudiedinthispaper.Severalinfluencefactorsontheresultofbiosorptionwereanalyzedinthetestincludingsomemethodsofpre-treatment,pH,temperature,thedoesofsorbentandtimeofthebiosorption.Otherwise,theoptimaloperatingconditionsofadsorptionweredeterminedbycross-testexperiments(L9(3)4).TheresultsshowedthattheefficiencyofPb2+absorptionwasobviouslyincreasedthroughpre-treatmentbysolidification(0.1mol/lNaHCO3)withanadsorptionrateof89.96%.ThesuitablepHscopewas4～6andtheoptimumadsorptionpHwas5withtheup-takeof96.63%.Themorebiomassofpenicilliumwasadded,themoreadsorptioncapacitywas.TherateofadsorptionPb2+ofthepre-treatmentingpenicilliumwasrapidastheratewas78.96%atthebeginning5minandtheadsorptioncapacityincreasedasthetimeraisingthatthecapacityattainedto88.11%inahour.Theeffectoftemperaturewasrareandthenormaltemperaturewasenough.Thecross-testexperimentsshowedthattheoptimaloperatingconditionsofPb2+absorptionbythepre-treatmentingpenicilliumwere:25.00mg/lPb2+concentration,0.5g/ladsorptioncapacity,pH=3andthenormaltemperaturefor30minandthepHwasthemarkedfactor.TheabsorptionprocessofPb2+bypenicilliumfollowedFreundlichequation.Keywords:biosorption;penicillium;Pb2+;pre-treatment;optimalconditions;adsorptionisothern泰山医学院本科毕业设计(论文)目录第一章综述.................................................................11.含Pb2+废水处理研究现状...................................................12.生物吸附剂简介..........................................................12.1.生物吸附剂定义和分类.................................................12.2生物吸附剂的优点.....................................................33.生物吸附作用的机理......................................................34.生物吸附量的影响因素....................................................54.1菌体预处理的影响.....................................................54.2溶液pH值的影响......................................................54.3温度的影响...........................................................54.4吸附时间的影响.......................................................64.5金属离子初始浓度的影响...............................................64.6吸附剂用量的影响.....................................................64.7吸附粒径的影响.......................................................64.8微生物的培养时间的影响...............................................74.9共存重金属离子的影响.................................................74.10吸附技术的影响......................................................75．生物吸附法在含重金属废水处理中的应用...................................86．生物处理重金属废水的研究发展方向.......................................8第二章材料与方法..........................................................101.实验材料...............................................................101.1菌种................................................................101.2培养基..............................................................101.3试剂................................................................101.4实验仪器............................................................102.实验方法...............................................................112.1培养基制备..........................................................112.2菌体的培养..........................................................11泰山医学院本科毕业设计(论文)2.3菌体预处理..........................................................112.4标准曲线的绘制......................................................122.5计算方法............................................................122.6吸附实验............................................................12第三章结果与分析..........................................................141.标准曲线的绘制.........................................................142.不同预处理条件对菌体吸附Pb2+的影响......................................143.pH值对菌体吸附的影响...................................................154.温度对菌体吸附的影响...................................................155.吸附剂用量对菌体吸附的影响.............................................166.吸附时间对菌体吸附的影响...............................................177.正交实验分析...........................................................178.等温吸附模型...........................................................19第四章结论................................................................22第五章建议................................................................23参考文献...................................................................24致谢..............................................