汉译英基本句型参考答案及讲解

1汉译英基本句型参考答案及讲解一．重点词组1．(psychologyisn’tsointerestingtohimashistory)考查知识：“as…as…”“同…一样…”。注意第一个as是副词，后面接的是形容词，或副词，后面一个as是介词，后面接的是名词或代词。2．（haveMikeopenit）考查知识：“havesb.dosth”“让某人做某事”3．（consistslargelyinthestyleofitsancientbuildings）考查知识：consistin在于，存在于4．(boysonlyaccountfor/constituteonefourthofallthestudents)考查知识：accountfor,constitute都可以表示“占据，占”5．（Itneveroccurredtomethathewouldfailintheexam）考查知识：occurto“被想到，被想起”6．(agoodideasuddenlycametohim)考查知识：cometo突然想到7．(comesupwithsomenovelideas)考查知识：comeupwith想出（计划，答复等），提出8．（shecan’tputupwith/tolerate/stand/bearthisloudnoiseanylonger）考查知识：putupwith/tolerate/stand/bear都可以表示“忍受”9．(otherthanKate)2考查知识：otherthan除…以外10．(ratherthanheshouldhelpus)考查知识：ratherthan而不是11．(Nowthatwehavefinishedthecourse)考查知识：nowthat=since既然，由于12．(Believeitornot)考查知识：Believeitornot是个习惯用语，“信不信由你”13．(contributedtotherapidgrowthofcities)考查知识：contributeto对…做出贡献，促进，推动14．(Despite/inspiteoftheseemingunity)考查知识：despite是个介词，后面要接名词，代词或动名词。“尽管，虽然”15．(hasblamedimmigrantsforrisingunemployment;hasattributedtherisingunemploymenttoimmigrants)考查知识：blamesb.forsth.因为…而指责，怪罪某人;attribute…to…“把…归咎于…”，把…归因于…，认为是…的结果16．(Arandomselectionofmarriedcouples)考查知识：random是个形容词，“随机的，任意的，不加挑选的”17．(haveappealedforinformationastoherwhereabouts)考查知识：appealfor呼吁，恳求，asto关于18．(testifiedtoherguilt/testifiedthatshewasguilty)考查知识：testify(to)证明19．(isduetomake/deliveranimportantspeechthisevening)考查知识：beduetodo即将做某事deliveraspeech发表演讲20．(Astotheproblemsleftoverfromthepast)考查知识：asto/for关于，至于21．(fell/gotintothehabitofbeingpunctual)考查知识：fall/getintothe(a)habitofdoing养成做某事的习惯22．(Themoment/Assoonasshesawhermother)考查知识：themoment=assoonas一…就…323．(Now（that）youareacollegestudent)考查知识：now（that）=since，because既然，由于24．（Itisanythingbuteasy）一个13亿人口的大国要实现和平崛起，绝非易事。考查知识：anythingbut“根本不是”，“绝不是”。例如：Heisanythingbutdiligent.（他一点也不勤奋。）25．(Shedidnothingbuteatandsleepallday)考查知识：“nothingbut”相当于“only”,意思是“只是，就是”。注意：nothingbut前面的谓语动词如果是do时，nothingbut后面要接不带to的不定式，即动词原形；如果不是do的话，to就不能够省略。例如：Thedoctortoldhimnothingbutto4stopsmoking．26．(Heisnothingbutasmallchild)27．(Nowondershewasfired)考查知识：nowonder“难怪，怪不得”28．(donothingbutwatchtelevision)29．(noneotherthantheauthorhimself)考查知识：noneotherthan“正是，仅仅是”30(Wemightaswellwalk)考查知识：might/mayaswell“不妨，还不如”见词汇P75-16题31．(butwhenitcomestorepairingit)考查知识：whenitcomesto“当谈到…，当涉及到…”,注意该句型中的to是介词，后面要接名词，代词，或动名词。32．(Thereisnodenying)考查知识：Thereisnodenying=Itisimpossibletodeny33．(regrettellingher)考查知识：regretdoingsth.表示对于已经发生的事表示后悔。regrettodosth.对于未做但要做的事表示遗憾。例如：Iregrettohavetodothis，butI5havenochoice．我很遗憾必须这样去做，我实在没办法。(未做但要做)34．(Iregrettotellyou)考查知识：固定句型I/weregrettosay/tellyou“很遗憾地告诉你”35．(HefollowedKate’smisleadingadvice)36．(wasplannedwellinadvance)考查知识：inadvance事先，提前37．(resultinaserioustrafficaccident)38．(resultedfromthedriver’scarelessness)考查知识：resultin“导致，造成”,resultfrom“是…的结果”二．重要句型1．（thatTomchangedhismindsosoon）考查知识：it作形式主语可以替换名词从句，动名词，不定式2．(whetherhewillcomplywiththeorder)3．(madeitimpossibleforhimtopasstheexam)考查知识：在deem,consider,believe,make,feel,find,think等不完全及物动词之后,要先加it做形式宾语,再接宾语补足语:形容词或名词,真正的宾语是后面的不定式.4．(itanhonorformetodeliverthisspeech)5．(itinterestingtostudyEnglish)6．(itisinterestingtostudyEnglish)考查知识：上述不完全及物动词也可直接以that从句作宾语,此时这类动词就变6成完全及物动词.7．(it/itishardtoexplainthemattertoher)8．(Withsomuchhomeworktodo)考查知识：with引导的独立主格9．(Withsuchashorttime)10．(Allflightshavingbeencanceled)考查知识：独立主格11．(shouldberemovedfromtheirposts,theearlierthebetter)考查知识：“the+比较级，the+比较级”“越…越…”12．(thatheobjectedtotheproposal)13．(Icannothelpbutadmirehim/cannotbutadmirehim/cannothelpadmiringhim)考查知识：“不得不”的三种表达方法：cannothelpbutdosth.,cannotbutdosth.,cannothelpdoingsth.14．(Itgoeswithoutsaying)考查知识：itgoeswithoutsaying不用说15．(Shehadnosoonerheardthenews/Nosoonerhadsheheardthenews)考查知识：“一…就…”，“刚…就…”可以用nosooner…than…,或scarcely…when….注意：nosooner和scarcely引导的句子的谓语动词要用动词完成时态，than和when之后要用动词一般时态。nosooner和scarcely如果放在句首的话，要主谓倒装。16．(thefactthatshestudiedsohard或herstudyingsohard).考查知识：介词后面不能直接接从句，必须先加上名词fact,再把待译的句子作为7同位语从句译出来或者把汉语的句子变成英语的动名词短语。17．(Thereisnoknowing)考查知识：句型Thereis+no+V-ing=ItisimpossibletoV。可以用于该句型的动词常见的有：argue,say,know,stop,predict,tell等18．(Thereasonwhywehavetogrowtrees)考查知识：Thereasonwhy+句子+isthat+句子“…的原因是…”19．(ThatisthereasonwhyIdon’tlikeit)20．(Sincehewenttoseniorhighschool)21．(Dueto/Thanksto/Owingtohisencouragement)考查知识：dueto,owingto,thanksto都是表示“因为…”，但要注意含有感激、讽刺等感情色彩时，一般使用thanksto;owingto不能与be动词搭配做谓语动词。例如：Hisabsenceisowingtothestorm.(×),但是Hisabsenceisduetothestorm.(√)22．(Richasourcountryis或Thoughourcountryisrich)考查知识：让步状语从句。bynomeans=onnoaccount=innoway一点也不三．倍数/比较1．(LondonhasalargerpopulationthananyothercityintheUnitedKingdom/LondonisthecitywiththelargestpopulationintheUnitedKingdom)2．(continuestodoubleeveryfivemonths)考查知识：double动词，“翻番，增加一倍”3．(onein/outofeverytenAmericansnowownsamobilephone)8考查知识：onein/outoften十分之一4．(hadbetter“thinking”skillsthanthosewithout)5．(Itisfourtimesaslargeastheotherone/Itisthreetimeslargerthantheotherone/Itisfourtimesthesizeoftheotherone).考查知识：倍数词+the/that/this/those/these+（表示大小,数量等等的）名词“是…的几倍”6．(Heearnstwicetheamountofmyincomeeverymont