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美国富国银行的小企业银行业务中国天津2007年6月20-21日WellsFargoSmallBusinessLendingTianjing,ChinaJune20-21,2007PresentationIdentifier.2InformationClassificationasNeeded2美国富国银行简介AboutWellsFargo•成立于1852年Founded1852•美国第五大银行,资产达5000亿美元5thLargestBankintheU.S.with$500Billioninassets•是获穆迪AAA评级的两家美国银行之一Oneof2AAAratedU.S.banksbyMoody’s•主要在西部和中西部的23个州开展业务Bankoperatesprimarilyin23WesternandMidwesternstates•战略重点为针对客户实施交叉销售Strategicfocusoncustomercross-sell•过去20年,年复合股东回报率达23%——而标普500指数为13%20yearcompoundstockholderannualreturnof23%--versustheS&P500of13%.PresentationIdentifier.3InformationClassificationasNeeded3小企业市场由富国银行旗下的两家专门机构负责TheSmallBusinessMarketisServedbyTwoSeparateOrganizationswithinWellsFargo“企业通”BusinessDirect贷款上限为10万美元Lendsupto$100,000客户年销售额200万美元Customerswithsales$2Million大部分贷款通过邮件、电话或分行柜台发放。没有客户经理Mostloansoriginatedthroughmail,phone,orinthebranch.Nobankerrelationship在贷款发放和账户监控中大量使用信贷评分;不使用纳税申报表或财务报表。信用报告是关键Extensiveuseofcreditscoringforunderwritingandaccountmonitoring;Notaxreturnsorfinancialstatementsused.Creditreportsarekey.通常无担保物Nocollateralusuallytaken.小企业银行BusinessBanking贷款上限为100万美元或更高Lendsupto$1Millionormore客户年销售额为200万至2000万美元Customershavesalesfrom$2Millionto$20Million贷款由训练有素的客户经理负责发放,他们负责管理与客户的关系Loansoriginatedbyspeciallytrainedbankerswhomanagearelationshipwiththecustomer.贷款发放基于(企业和业主)财务报表分析-流动性、杠杆比率、偿债能力等Loansaremadeusingfinancialstatementanalysis—Liquidity,Leverage,Debt-ServiceCoverage,etc.(bothbusinessandforowners).通常需要提供担保物Loanstypicallycollateralized.PresentationIdentifier.4InformationClassificationasNeeded4富国银行“企业通”旗下的小企业贷款WellsFargoBusinessDirectSmallBusinessLending•1995年开始该直销业务Begandirectlendingin1995•至今仍是美国最大的发放10万美元以下小企业贷款的放贷人Byfar,thelargestsmallbusinesslenderintheU.S.forloansunder$100,000.•2005年政府数据显示,富国银行所占市场份额超过了花旗银行(第二)和摩根大通银行(第三)的总和2005governmentdatashowsWFmarketsharegreaterthanCitibankandJPMorganChase(#2)combined•全国性横跨所有行业的由许多小贷款组成的多样化贷款组合Diversified,nationalloanportfolioofmanysmallloansacrossallindustries.•贷款损失控制得当,在过去10年波动很小Loanlosseswell-controlledandhavefluctuatedlittleoverthelast10years.•高盈利性,可持续的业务增长Highlyprofitable,sustainedgrowthPresentationIdentifier.5InformationClassificationasNeeded5美国小企业市场的情况SomeFactsAbouttheSmallBusinessMarketintheU.S.最好将95%的小企业定位为个人(消费者)市场下的一个特殊细分市场,而不是“企业”客户95%ofSmallBusinessesareBestThoughtofasaSpecializedSegmentoftheConsumerMarket,andnotas“Commercial”Customers.PresentationIdentifier.6InformationClassificationasNeeded605001,0001,5002,0002,5003,000(000's)$50M$50to$100M$100to$200M$200to$500M$500Mto$1MM$1MMto$5MM$5MM+CountofSmallBusinessesonDun&BradstreetFilebyAnnualSales大多数企业规模都很小MostBusinessesAreTrulyVerySmallBusinesses按年销售额统计的小企业数量(邓白氏资料)(千个)(美元)PresentationIdentifier.7InformationClassificationasNeeded7它们不是“初创公司”AndTheyAreNot“Start-ups”…01,0002,0003,0004,0005,000(000's)1234to56to78or910to1212to2020+YearsinBusinessCountofSmallBusinessesonDun&BradstreetFilebyTimeinBusiness按经营年限统计的小企业数量(邓白氏资料)(千个)经营年限(年)PresentationIdentifier.8InformationClassificationasNeeded8DataSource:CRA,McKinseyPaymentsPractice,TowerGroup.$0$20$40$60$80$10019981999200020012002200320042005LoansUnder$100,000MadetoBusinesses(Billions$)13%CAGR(复合年均增长率)在美国,向小企业提供小额贷款是一项庞大且仍然处于增长阶段的业务LendingsmallloanstosmallbusinessesisabigandgrowingbusinessintheU.S.美国小企业贷款市场U.S.SmallBusinessLoanMarket提供给企业的10万美元以下的贷款(单位:十亿美元)PresentationIdentifier.9InformationClassificationasNeeded9Visa营业额在2004财年增长了32%,2005财年增长了34%Visavolumegrew32%inBY04and34%inBY05来源:Visa季度运营报告;BaseIISource:VisaQuarterlyOperatingCertificates;BaseII注:所有数据为财年数据-从当年7月截至次年6月Note:AllfiguresreportedareBusinessYear-measuredfromJulytoJune$20.2$24.8$31.1$40.6$52.9$18.1$13.4$9.3$5.8$25.4BY01BY02BY03BY04BY05$26.0$34.1$44.5$58.6DebitCreditVisa小企业业务量(按产品类型)十亿美元,2001财年~2005财年估计数,(4年复合年均增长率为30%)VisaSmallBusinessVolumebyProductType$Billions,BY2001-2005E,(30%4-YrCAGR)$78.3美国Visa小企业业务量U.S.VisaSmallBusinessVolume借记卡信用卡财年财年财年财年财年PresentationIdentifier.10InformationClassificationasNeeded10富国银行的小企业贷款历史HistoryofSmallBusinessLendingatWellsFargo1990年之前,富国银行并不是主要的小企业贷款人Priorto1990,WellsFargowasnotasignificantsmallbusinesslender1989年末,在我行零售银行业务下创建了小企业银行业务集团,专门服务于小企业客户。又在其下创建了小企业贷款部,为年销售额低于1000万美元的企业提供贷款Late1989,BusinessBankingGroupformedinRetailBanktofocusonsmallbusinesscustomers.BusinessLendingDivisioncreatedtolendtofirmswithlessthan$10MMinsales.1994年的成本研究显示,通过标准放贷程序(分销、发放、贷后管理)发放小额贷款无法实现经济效益(成本过高)In1994,coststudiesshowedthatstandardlendingprocesses(distribution,underwriting,servicing)wereuneconomicforsmallestloans.1994年创建“企业通”,采用简化流程的方式向年销售额低于200万美元的企业提供上限为10万美元的贷款BusinessDirectformedin1994tofocusonstreamlinedlendingofupto$100,000primarilytobusinesseswithsaleslessthan$2Million.PresentationIdentifier.11InformationClassificationasNeeded11“企业通”的开发:首先,将2000多万家企业进行细分TheOriginsofBusinessDirect:First,WeSegmentedthe20+MillionBusinessesCashCowsGazellesProfessionalsEntrepreneurStart-upsAverageLendingProfitabilityofSmallBusinessSegmentsUsingStandardProcesses牛宝宝BabyBulls比上不足、比下有余者MerryMiddles无利润Non-Profits家庭收入支柱FamilyProviders乡镇企业CottageBusinesses赢利Profitable不赢利Unprofitable采用标准放贷程序的小企业贷款的平
本文标题:富国银行 小企业贷
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