打印第一单元新视野

新视野大学英语第二册UnitOneSectionATime-ConsciousAmericans1.Pre-reading1.1BackgroundinformationTimeOrientationAmericansplaceconsiderablevalueonpunctuality.Becausetheytendtoorganizetheiractivitiesbymeansofschedules,theymayseemharried,alwaysrunningfromonethingtothenextandunabletorelaxandenjoythemselves.SinceAmericansaresotimeconscious,thepaceoflifemayseemveryhectic(紧张的).Beingontimeisregardedasveryimportant,andintheU.S.mostpeoplemakeanefforttoarriveontime.NotallAmericansarepunctual,butalmosteveryoneisconsciousoftime.Differenttypesofactivitieshavedifferentconventions.Oneshouldarriveattheexacttimespecifiedformeals,andforappointmentswithprofessors,doctors,andotherprofessionals.Youcanarriveanytimebetweenthehoursspecifiedforparties,receptions,andcocktailparties.Plantoarriveafewminutesbeforethespecifiedtimeforpublicmeetings,plays,concerts,movies,sportsevents,classes,churchservices,andweddings.Ifyouareunabletokeepanappointment,itisexpectedthatyouinformtheotherpartythatyouwillbelateorunabletoarrive.Hourglass:Aglasscontainerholdingfinesandformeasuringtime,whichisnarrowinthemiddlelikeafigure8sothatthesandinsidecanrunslowlyfromthetophalftothebottomtakingexactlyonehour.沙漏：一种装上细沙以用来测量时间的玻璃容器，其颈部细小，形状象一个8字，使得上半部的沙子能缓慢地流到下半部中，其时间正好是一个小时。ProverbsoftimeReadthefollowingproverbs.Haveyoueverlearntthem?WhataretheChineseversionsforthem?1.Timeworkswonders.时间创造奇迹。2.Timetriestruth.时间检验真理。3.Timeisthebesthealer.时间是治愈创伤的良药。4.Timeandtidewaitfornoman.时间不等人。（时不我待。）5.Alltimeisnotimewhenitispast.机不可失，时不再来。6.Aninchoftimecannotbeboughtbyaninchofgold.寸金难买寸光阴。1.2Topic-relatedvideo1.3Topic-relateddiscussion2.While-reading2.1Globalreading2.1.1Understandingthemajordetailsofthetext1.WhatpreciousresourcedoAmericansvalueandsave?Time&labor.2.Whatisaforeigner’sfirstimpressionoftheUSlikelytobe?Andhowdocitypeopleappearinthewriter’seyes?Everyoneisinarush---oftenunderpressure.Inthewriter’seyes,citypeoplealwaysappeartobehurryingtogetwheretheyaregoing,restlesslyseekingattentioninastore,elbowingothersastheytrytocompletetheirshopping.3.WhatexamplesdoesthewritergivetoshowthatAmericansworkhardatthetaskofsavingtime?Americansproduceasteadyflowoflabor-savingdevice:theycommunicaterapidlythroughfaxes,phonecallsoremailsratherthanthroughpersonalcontacts.2.1.2UnderstandingtheorganizationofthetextMainideaofthetext:Americansvaluetimeandsavetimecarefully.Intheireyes,timeisregardedaspreciousresource.ApersonwhotendstowastehisowntimeorthatofothersisneveracceptedinAmericanculture.Consequently,Americanstryeverymeanstosavetimeintheirdailylife,businessandworksoastomakeeveryminutecount.Besides,tosolveaproblemorfulfillajobwithspeedinU.S.Aistakenasasignofskillfulnessorbeingcompetent.Divisionofthetext:PartOne―(Paras.1―2)Americansvaluetimeandsavetimecarefully.Timeisregardedaspreciousresources.PartTwo―(Paras.3―7)Americanstryeverymeanstosavetime.Theysavetimeintheirdailylife,businessandworkaswell.Theyalsocreateaseriesofdevicestoimproveefficiency.PartThreeC(paras.8)Savingtimeisregardedasasignofskillfulnessorbeingcompetent.2.2Detailedreading2.2.1WordsandPhrases1)result(L.2)Actingbeforethinkingalwaysresultsinfailing.（cause,leadto）没有经过思考的行动总是导致失败。Theaccidentresultedfromhiscarelessdriving.(becausedby).事故是由于他的粗心驾驶造成的。Theaccident________thedeathoftwopeople.事故导致两人死亡。(resultedin)Thechild’sillness________eatinguncleanfood.孩子的生病是因吃了不干净的事物引起的。(resultfrom)Alovemarriage,however,doesnotnecessarily_____muchsharingofinterestsandresponsibilities.(CET-496.1)a.takeoverb.resultinc.holdond.keeptoKey:b然而有爱情的婚姻未必会使夫妇利益共享，责任共担。2)nothingbut…(L.5)Don’thavehimforafriend:heisnothingbutacriminal.(只有，只不过)不要跟他做朋友，他只不过是个罪犯。屋里除了一张桌子以外什么也没有。Thereisnothingintheroombutatable.（除了……以外没有什么）注意：nothingbut前或之间出现实意动词do一词时，but后要跟上不带to的不定式；但是，nothingbut前且之间没有出现实意动词do一词时，but后要跟上带to的不定式。如：Theycoulddonothingbutgohomeonfoot.他们只能步行回家。Theycouldsaynothingbuttokeepsilent.他们无话可说，只能保持沉默。3）charge(L.7)Howmuchdoyouchargeforawashingcar?（v.askanamountasaprice收费）你们洗一部车要多少钱？单人房每夜要收费200元。Wecharge200dollarsforasingleroomonenight.只要你预先付款，我们不收你送货费。Aslongasyouhavepaidadvance,wewon’tchargeyouforthedelivery.4)count(L.11)She’stheonlypersonthatreallycountsaroundhere.（v.beimportant）她是这周围唯一有影响力的人。对他们来说，重要的只有钱。Forthem,whatcountsisnothingbutmoney.温故知新：Whatmattersisthis:whoevershewas,AuntEstherGubbinswasright.（Unit6―A,BookI）5)beyond(L.20)Understandingthisarticleisbeyondmycapacity.(prep.超出，出乎，为……所不能及)我看不懂这篇文章。DoyouknowtheEnglishexpressionofthefollowing:出乎某人的预料beyondone’sexpectation;非我力所能及：beyondmyability做梦都想不到：beyondone’sdream;够不着beyondone’sreach;不能再修复beyondrepair6)assess(L.27)Theannualincomeofschoolteachersinthisplacewasassessedat＄900.（v.toestimatethevalueofsth..评价,估价）这地方的学校教师的收入为900美元。要评价新法令的效果现在还为时过早。Itistooearlytoassesstheeffectsofthenewlaw.词语辨析：assessv.常用表示对收入，财产等进行“估价”（常作为课税或罚款等的根据）；estimatev.指一种猜测性的“估价、估计”，强调其估计结果可能是错误的；evaluatev.强调评定人或物的价值所有在场的专家都觉很难对这件古玩进行估价。Alltheexpertspresentedfounditverydifficulttoassessthevalueoftheantique.很难估计有多少人在地震中受伤Itwasdifficulttoestimatehowmanypeoplehadbeenwoundedintheearthquake.(Unit4-A,BookI).Everytermstudentsaregiventheopportunitytoeva